Test 1 Flashcards
What is wildlife rehabilitation?
The treatment and care of injured, orphaned or sick wildlife with the ending goal being successfully returning healthy wildlife back to the wild.
Released wildlife must be able to successfully function in the wild meaning they must be able to?
(3)
- Recognize and obtain appropriate natural foods.
- Select mates of their own species if/and reproduce.
- Show appropriate behavior for that species and appropriate fear of potential dangers.
What is SARO?
Species at Risk in Ontario
What must you do to legally practice wildlife rehabilitation in Ontario?
(2)
- Take and pass the Ontario wildlife rehabilitation exam (OWRE)
- Apply for and receive your wildlife custodian authorization through your local MNRF district office.
What is OMNRF?
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry.
Authorized Wildlife Custodian is a?
(2)
- Rehab Permit
- Foster Caregiver Authorization.
Whe Wildlife Custodian Authorization requires?
Writing the Ontario Wildlife Rehabilitation Exam.
How often do you need to renew your Wildlife Custodian Authorization?
Annually, Every 2 years, or 3 years - OMNRF decides
Wildlife in Captivity License is a?
Zoo License.
Authorization to keep Specially Protected & Game Wildlife in Captivity for Education, Science or other Purposes is a(n)?
(2)
- Education License
- Difficult to get now Wildlife Scientific Collectors Authorization.
Carcass permit?
- Does not include endangered species.
- Not for taxidermy.
What is the Aviculture Permit?
(2)
- Farming permit
- Salvage Permit - Carcasses.
At initial contact you should always?
Start by getting contact info.
What are some basic questions you may ask? (5)
- Where was the animal found?
- When was the animal found and/or first observed?
- What were the circumstances under which the animal was found?
- Was an obvious injury observed such as limping, bleeding, or wing(s) drooping?
- Neonatal, Juvenile? True orphan or perceived as one?
The animal should be brought into rehab triage if?
(7)
- A true orphan
- Bleeding
- Lethargic
- Found with maggots or fleas
- Having had contact with a dog or cat
- Unresponsive
- Approachable
When can you leave the animal alone or return to the nest?
If deemed healthy, neonates should be placed back in the nest or den and juveniles should be left alone.
T or F. It is important to always get the animals exact location?
True
Juvenile mammals should be released within how many km from capture?
15km
Adult mammals must be released within how many km from capture?
1km
What type of mask or respirators should be worn while handling wildlife for you personal safety?
N-95, FFP2 or equivalent.
If you find a dead animal where should you report it?
Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC).
What should you do to reduce stress?
(6)
Reduce handling.
Provide sight barriers
Manage sensory input
Do not allow predators within range.
Manage pain
Give meds in food
Nutrition is?
Assimilation and utilization of food for maintenance, growth, production, and reproduction.
Nutrient is?
A chemical element or compound in the diet which supports life processes.
Diet is?
The mix of foodstuffs consumed by an animal.
Ration is?
A diet provided in a specific allotment or allowance, usually on a daily basis
What are the nutrient classes?
(5)
Essential
Non essential
Conditionally essential
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Essential nutrients are required?
In the diet for normal function and metabolism.
Essential nutrients are?
Species specific
Non-essential nutrients are when?
Normal function and production occur without the compound in the diet.
T or F. Conditionally essential nutrients have one of a group of 2 or more nutrients must be present in the diet.
True
Conditionally Essential nutrients substitute in?
Metabolic processes
Macronutrients are?
(4)
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Water
Micronutrients are?
(2)
Minerals
Vitamins
Foods of both plant and animal origin are composed of?
Macronutrients and Micronutrients
T or F. The prefixes macro and micro have nothing to do with the importance of the nutrient to the animal.
True
The prefixes refer to the __________ of the nutrients that occur in foods and that are required by those that consume them.
Quantities
Macromolecules do what?
Store energy
Macromolecules are made of?
Large molecules with subunits.
Macromolecules do what when broken down or digested?
Release energy
Energy is measured in what?
Kilocalories or joules.
Macronutrients are made of?
Sugars and macromolecules.
Macronutrients are found in?
Large amounts of food.
T or F. Macronutrients have higher requirements.
True
Macronutrients provide what?
Energy
Proteins, carbs and fats are?
Macronutrients
Micronutrients are needed?
(2)
In small amounts.
Do not provide energy but are required for other reasons.
T or F. When plants and animals make macromolecules, they store energy.
True
T or F. Energy is released when macromolecules are broken down (digested).
True
T or F. Whether they eat plants or animals the basic process is the same.
True
What is the most important macronutrient?
Protein
What is used to make enzymes, antibodies, blood, bone, organs, tissues, muscle, feathers, fur (every body part)?
Protein
T or F. Carbohydrates are classified in many ways, there are plant carbs and animal carbs.
True
Fats (in animals), oil (in plants) is classified as?
Triglycerides
What are the rules of 3?
Survive 3mins no air,
Survive 3 days no water,
Survive 3 weeks with no food.
What are stable and dont break down?
Minerals
What are organic compounds that breakdown over time in storage?
Vitamins
How many water soluble vitamins are there?
9
How many of the water soluble vitamins are in the b-complex?
8
The other water soluble vitamin is?
Vitamin C or ascorbic acid
Fat soluble vitamins are?
A,D,E,K
What are antioxidants?
Chemicals that reduce or prevent oxidation within tissue.
What fat soluble vitamins are antioxidants?
A,E
T or F. Minerals are the same as vitamins.
False
What are the major electrolytes?
Sodium, Potassium, Chloride
