Test #1

Question 1

What are the steps of General Adaptation Theory?

Answer 1

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion

Question 2

Alarm

Answer 2

“fight or flight”
initial response to injury/stress

Question 3

Resistance

Answer 3

adaptation to stress
plateau
ex. muscle guarding

Question 4

Exhaustion

Answer 4

body can no longer withstand stress = it gives out

longest stage

leads to overuse injuries

Question 5

Adipose tissue is a good medium for what modality?

Answer 5

ultrasound

Question 6

Cardinal Signs of Inflammation

Answer 6

redness
swelling
heat
pain
loss of function

Question 7

Acute Inflammatory Response Cells

Answer 7

neutrophils
histamines
herparin
prostaglandins
kinins

Question 8

Heparin

Answer 8

anticoagulant

Question 9

Prostaglandins

Answer 9

increase capillary permeability
stimulate free nerve endings

Question 10

Kinins

Answer 10

produce pain

Question 11

Edema

Answer 11

old swelling that just pools or sits somewhere

Question 12

What are the dimensions of pain perception?

Answer 12

sensory discriminative
cognitive evaluative
affective motivational

Question 13

Sensory discriminative

Answer 13

localizes source of pain

Question 14

Cognitive evaluative

Answer 14

interprets pain based on past experiences and expectations

Question 15

Affective motivational

Answer 15

limbic system causes inward and outward responses (fear, anxiety, crying)

Question 16

Afferent

Answer 16

body to brain

Question 17

Efferent

Answer 17

brain to body

Question 18

Which component of pain perception can be affected by modalities such as cold application?

Answer 18

Pain tolerance

Question 19

What are the superficial receptors?

Answer 19

Thermal receptors
Merkel’s discs
Meissner’s corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles
Ruffini corpuscles
Nociceptors

Question 20

Merkel’s discs

Answer 20

react to low threshold mechanical pressure

adapt slowly

Question 21

Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 21

react to low threshold mechanical pressure

adapt rapidly

Question 22

Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 22

deep in skin

react to HIGH levels of mechanical pressure

Question 23

Ruffini corpuscles

Answer 23

stretching of skin and changes in joint position (proprioceptive)

Question 24

Pain control theory targets what?

Answer 24

perception of pain

Question 25

Gate control theory

Answer 25

distract from pain sensations with another sensation

Question 26

Gate control theory -ascending

Answer 26

A-beta = muscles
small diameter traffic = pain stimuli

To decrease nociceptive stimuli:
- stimulate A-beta = closing small diameter traffic

Question 27

Gate control theory -descending

Answer 27

gate closes in ascending and opioids are released to control pain perception

Question 28

Electrical stimulation does what?

Answer 28

overloads the senses

Question 29

Local anesthetics

Answer 29

cause loss of sensation in the area (ex. biofreeze)

Question 30

What is the highest level of regulation?

Answer 30

licensure

Question 31

Certification =

Answer 31

do you know what you are supposed to know

Question 32

Registration

Answer 32

register with state before practicing

Question 33

Blanket prescription

Answer 33

assigned to no one