Test #1 Flashcards
Chapters 14 + 20
A revived interest in CLASSICAL CULTURES and the veneration
of CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY was central to the notion of the…
Renaissance in Italy.
Italian admiration for classical art surfaced early on
in the court of…
Frederick II, King of Sicily and Holy
Roman Emperor
THE REALLY FANCY PILLARS WITH THE CRAZIEST AMOUNT OF DETAIL ALL OVER THE PILLARS, SPECIFICALLY LIONS AT THE BOTTOM, PPEOPLE IN ROBES AT THE TOP, PICTURES AT THE VERY TOP WITH MULTIPLE PEOPLE, ETC.
is known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what art was used)
ART: BAPTISTERY PULPIT
ARTIST: Nicola Pisano
Location: Pisa, Italy (1259-1260)
Art Used: MARBLE, 15’ HIGH
Credited with creating the first decorated stone pulpit**
MIXTURE OF MEDIEVAL traditions and Classica elements
CLASSICAL ELEMENTS large, bushy capitals are a Gothic variation of the Corinthian capital.
MEDIEVAL elements the trefoil arches and the lions supporting columns.
Example of Romanesque Architecture:
Round Arches.
Example of Gothic Architecture:
Pointed Arches.
Byzantine Tradition:
Major stylistic element in late medieval Italian art.
Byzantine Style:
FLAT, FRONTAL, ELONGATED FIGURES, WEIGHTLESS
Figures almost appear to be hovering, NO CAST SHADOWS
Blue sky- now HEAVENLY GOLD
omit all reference to the three-dimensional space of the material world and physical reality.
DOMINATED ITALIAM PAINTING THROUGHOUT THE MIDDLE AGES.
THIS altarpiece highlights the increasingly prominent role of monastic religious orders in late medieval Italy.
BONAVENTURA BERLINGHIERI
(Know the art, the artist, the location, and what type of art was used)
Art: Saint Francis Altarpiece,
Artist: San Francesco
Location: Pescia, Italy (1235.)
Type of Art Used: Tempera on wood, 5’ 3’
THE OLD PAINTING WITH JESUS WITH A CIRCLE HALO AROUND HIS HEAD, HOLDING A BABY WITH A CIRCLE HALO AROUND HIS HEAD, AND ANGELS SURROUNDING BOTH OF THEM WITH HALOS SURROUNDING THEIR HEADS, AND 4 MEN AT THE BOTTOM
is known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what art was used, type of art)
Artwork: MADONNA ENTHRONED WITH ANGELS AND PROPHETS
Artist: CIMABUE
Location: FROM SANTA TRINITÀ, FLORENCE,ITALY, CA.
Date: (1280-1290)
Art Tools: TEMPERA AND GOLD LEAFON WOOD, 12’ 7” 7’ 4”
Type of Art: Byzantine style
RENAISSANCE HUMANISM:
Revival of “Classical values”
Emerged during 14th Century, becomes a central component of Italian art in 15th and 16th Century
Chief concerns were human values and interests DISTINCT from religious or otherworldly values
SHIFT IN FOCUS to MAN and the achievements of MAN
Humanist cult of fame emphasized importance of creative individuals
THIS IS THE PAINTING WHERE THERE IS A BABY SITTING ON POSSIBLY JESUS’ LAP, ON A FANCY CHAIR, SURROUNDED BY MEN AND 2 ANGELS IN THE BOTTOM CORNERS
known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what art was used)
,
Art: MADONNA ENTHRONED
Artist: GIOTTO DI BONDONE
Location: FROM THE CHURCH OF THE
OGNISSANTI (FLORENCE, ITALY, CA.) (1310)
Revived classical naturalism BASED ON
OBSERVATION.
The Ognissanti Madonna marks the end of medieval painting in Italy and the beginning of a new naturalistic approach to art.
THIS IS THE CHAPEL WHERE THE ROOF IS PAINTED BLUE, AND THERE ARE MULTIPLE PAINTINGS ALL AROUND THE INSIDE OF IT.
known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what art was used)
Art: INTERIOR OF THE ARENA CHAPEL (CAPPELLA SCROVEGNI)
Artist: GIOTTO DI BONDONE,
Location: PADUA, ITALY (1305-1306)
Enrico Scrovegni, built the chapel in atonement for his sin of usury.
- In 38 framed scenes, Giotto presented one of the most complete Christian pictorial cycles ever rendered.
- TOP REGISTER: stories from the lives of the Virgin and her parents, (Joachim and Anna)
- MIDDLE REGISTER: stories from the life and mission of Christ
- BOTTOM REGISTER: Christ’s passion, crucifixion, and resurrection.
THIS IS THE PAINTING WITH JESUS LYING ON THE GROUND SURROUNDED CLOSELY BY MEN, AND SURROUNDED BY ANGELS IN THE SKY
known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what art was used)
Art: LAMENTATION
Artist: GIOTTO DI BONDONE
Location: ARENA CHAPEL (CAPPELLA SCROVEGNI), PADUA, ITALY, CA. (1305)
Sought to reconcile the illusion of a weighty, 3-dimensional body with the illusion of the space that contained it*
THUS NOTE the boldly FORESHORTENED angels which attempts to show the viewer that the space recedes.
THIS IS THE PAINTING WITH THE ANGRY MOB, AND JUDAS’ KISS
known as…
(Know the name, the artist, the location, and what type of art)
Art: Betrayal of Jesus
Artist: GIOTTO DI BONDONE
Location: Arena Chapel (Cappella Scrovegni; FIG. 14.9), Padua, Italy, ca. (1305)
Type of Art: Fresco
Figures seen from the back- a departure from the Italo-Byzantine style**
THIS IS THE “YELLOW-SKY” PAINTING, SHOWING JUDAS’ KISS TO JESUS
known as…
(Know what the art is, the artist, and the location)
Art: (This is a scene from the Maestà altarpiece)
Artist: Duccio,
Location: Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy, (1308-1311)
HUMANIZATION OF RELIGIOUS SUBJECTS- KEY FEATURE OF RENAISSANCE ART*
THIS IS THE GOLDEN PAINTING WITH THE GOLDEN DOMES OVER THE ANGEL DELIVERING FLOWERS TO THE WOMAN SITTING IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PAINTING
known as…
(Know the art, the artist, what type of art it is, and the location)
Art: ANNUNCIATION
Artist: SIMONE MARTINI
Type of Art: ALTARPIECE
Location: SIENA CATHEDRAL, SIENA, ITALY (1333)
Simone Martini was instrumental in the creation of the INTERNATIONALGOTHIC STYLE
He was a COURT PAINTER FOR THE FRENCH KINGS in Naples and Sicily where met French painters which influenced his develop the International Gothic style.
Hallmarks of the style included radiant colors, flowing lines, and weightless figures in golden, spaceless settings.
(THIS IS THE GOLDEN PAINTING WITH THE GOLDEN DOMES OVER THE ANGEL DELIVERING FLOWERS TO THE WOMAN SITTING IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PAINTING)
THIS IS THE PAINTING WITH THE WOMAN LYING SIDEWAYS IN THE MIDDLE WITH THE MEN GATHERED AROUND HER AND THE BABY BEING WASHED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PAINTING
known as…
(Know the art, the artist, the location, and the type of art used)
Art: Birth of the Virgin
Artist: Pietro Lorenzetti
Location: Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy (1342)
Type of art: Tempera on wood
Achieved a remarkable degree of
SPATIAL ILLUSIONISM that
had not been seen since the
Ancient Roman era
Represented a marked step in the
advance of WORLDLY REALISM.
- Unlike other altarpieces of the era, the figures are NOT seen against an otherworldly GOLD background.
- Instead we see a detailed interior of an upper-class Italian home of the period—-
THIS ARTWORK IS THE GREEN FIELD PAINTING THAT LOOKS LIKE IT WOULD BE ON A MAP
known as…
(Know the art, the artist, the locations, and what type of art it is)
Art: Peaceful Country
Artist: AMBROGIO LORENZETTI
Location: East wall of the Sala della Pace
(FIG. 14.17A) in the Palazzo Pubblico
(FIG. 14.16), Siena, Italy, (1338-1339)
Type of art: Fresco.
Detail from Effects of Good Government in the City and in the
Country
**First landscape painting since antiquity*
THIS IS THE PAINTING WITH THE MEN AND THEIR HORSES PAYING THEIR RESPECTS FOR THE RECENTLY DECEASED MAN
known as…
(Know the art, the artist, the location, what type of art it is)
Art: Triumph of Death
Artist: BUONAMICO BUFFALMACCO
Location: Camposanto, Pisa, Italy, 1330s.
Type of Art: Full fresco.
Riders discover three corpses.
Shows horrors of death and forces viewers to confront their mortality.
Northern Europe in the 15th Century:
A rising merchant class, whose success depended on individual effort and talent instead of inherited nobility, spawned a new economic system—the early stage of European capitalism.**
- *GUILDS controlled artistic production in Flanders in this
period
MAJOR ARTISTIC INNOVATIONS:
The French Ducal Courts:
Flanders
The Dukes of Burgundy (Philip the Bold and his successors)
were the most powerful northern European rulers during the
first three quarters of the 15th century. **
Burgundian dukes fully appreciated
that artworks could support their dynastic and political goals*
Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France:
Philip the Bold, inspired by St. Denis,
Built the Dijon chartreuse to be a ducal mausoleum -Meant to secure salvation for Burgundian dukes and as a dynastic symbol of Burgundian power.
(THIS IS THE DRAWING WITH THE CHURCH IN THE FIELD)
THIS IS THE FANCY PILLAR WITH THE MEN IN THE MIDDLE AND THE ANGELS FLYING ABOVE THEM
Known as…
(Know the art, the artist, and the location)
Art: Well of Moses
Artist: CLAUS SLUTER
Location: Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France, (1396-1406) Moses 6’ high
Well brought water to theCarthusian monastery- but didn’tspout water — monks took vow ofsilence- no noise allowed!
Moses, David, Daniel, Isaiah,
Jeremiah and Zachariah surround
the base that used to hold a 25 ft
crucifix and mourning Mary
Magdalene.
Manuscript Painting:
Increased contact with Italy, where Renaissance artists had revived the pictorial principles of classical antiquity, may have influenced Northern painters’ interest in illusionism.
