Test #1 Flashcards
Anatomy: (2)
study of organs and systems
Interconnected detail of organisms and its parts
Physiology: (2)
Study of structure and function of the organs and systems
Includes physical and chemical process
Histology: (1)
Study of structures too small to be seen without a microscope such as tissues
Homeostasis: (2)
Bodys ability to maintain stable environment
Balance
Cells Definition: (2)
The basic unit of all living things, without life does not exist
wide range in size, shape and purpose
Protoplasm:(2)
Colorless jelly-like substance containing nutrient material necessary for cell growth, repair, and reproduction
Contains the nucleus, organelles and cell membrane
Organelles: (1)
Small organs within cells
Nucleus: (3)
Center of the cell
Contains nucleoplasm (DNA)
Plays important part in cell reproduction and metabolism
Mitochondria: (3)
Creates energy for the cell, used for metabolism
Small organelles that float freely in cell
Amount of mitochondria present depends on how much energy cell function requires
Cell membrane: (3)
The part that encloses the protoplasm and protects the cell
Selectively permeable ;Controls entering of beneficial substances and removes waste
Links with similar cells to form tissue by communicating with each other
What are necessary for cells to grow and be healthy?: (3)
Nutrients (food)
Oxygen
Water
Mitosis: (2)
Process of cell reproduction where a cell divides into 2 identical cells (daughter cells)
Conditions have to be favorable
What are favorable conditions for mitosis to occur: (5)
Water
Nutrients
Oxygen
Adequate temperature
Ability to eliminate waste
Cell metabolism: (3)
Chemical process that takes place converting food to energy to function
Eliminates waste
Allows organisms to grow, reproduce, respond to their environment and maintain structure
What are the 2 smaller steps of metabolism?(2)
Anabolism
Catabolism
Anabolism:(2)
Building up of larger molecules from smaller ones
Proteins from amino acids
Catabolism: (1)
Breaking down of molecules for use such as breaking down nutrients for use of glucose.
Why is metabolism important for estheticians: (2)
Clients response to treatment and to active ingredients is influenced by efficiency and speed of their metabolism
Aging influences metabolism and cell function
What factors can affect metabolism:(6)
Endocrine disorders, systemic problems and metabolic disorders
Age
Muscle mass
Physical activity
Diet
Sleep
What is Tissue: (2)
Collection of similar cells that perform particular function.
Function can be recognized by appearances
What are the 4 types of tissue:(4)
Connective
Epithelial
Muscle
Nerve
Connective tissue: (3)
Supports, protects and binds together other tissue
Bone, cartilage, ligaments etc.
Contains adipose tissue
Epithelial tissue: (2)
Protective lining on cavities and surface of organs
Skin, mucous membrane, heart lining, lining of digestive/respiratory organs.
Muscle Tissue:(1)
contracts and mover parts of the body
Nerve Tissue: (2)
Carries messages to and from brain coordinating body functions
Contains neurons
Adipose tissue:(3)
A part of connective tissue
Stores energy
Gives smoothness and contour to the body
Organs: (2)
Collection of tissues into identifiable structure, performing specific functions
Organs working together to perform functions are body systems
Superficial:
Closer to the surface of the body
Deep:
Deeper inside the body
What are the 10 body systems
Skeletal
Muscular
Circulatory
Nervous
Digestive
Excretory
Respiratory
Endocrine
Reproductive
Integumentary
Skeletal System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Provides framework for the body:
Bones and joints
Protecting body mechanics and knowing physical landmarks for treatments
Muscular System: use, organs, and why know it : (4)
Covers, shapes and supports skeletal tissue
Contracts and moves parts of body
Contains muscles
Important for massage and electrical treatments, as well to prevent injury
Circulatory System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Moves blood through body delivering oxygen and nutrients
Contains heart and blood vessels and works with lymphatic channels
Affects skin health and involves lots of contraindications to services
Nervous System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Carries messages coordinating body movement and functions
Includes brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Need to know location of facial nerves when doing treatment
Digestive: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Processes food, absorbs nutrients to the body, removes waste
Includes stomach, liver, gall bladder, intestines
Good nutrition allows optimal functioning of all body systems
Excretory system: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Controls water balance, removes waste from blood and excretes it
Includes kidneys, urinary bladder
Removes toxic substances that can affect system function
Respiratory System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Breathing, supplies oxygen, removes CO2, delivers oxygen to blood
Includes lungs, trachea and nasal passage
Oxygen needed for optimal cell functioning – affects safety and cleanliness
Endocrine System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Controls growth/development, sex, and regular processes of body
Includes specialized glands; pituitary gland, adrenal gland, pancreas
Hormones secreted effect skin, understanding helps recognize need for referral ; acne, hair growth, oiliness, dryness etc.
Reproductive System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Generation of new life , passing genetics
Includes uterus, ovaries, penis and testes
Hormones and reproductions accompany puberty, menopause, pregnancy etc. Direct influence on skin requiring knowledge
Integumentary System: use, organs, and why know it : (3)
Largest organ of the body, Covers and protects internal body structures, 1st defence
Includes skin and accessory organs; oil/sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair follicles, nails
Learning functions and work of skin and accessory organs is important for success
What are the accessory organs to the skin:(4)
Nails
Hair
Sensory receptors
Oil and sweat glands
How do 2 or more tissues combine to build an organ:(3)
Cells are grouped to carry out specific function
A group of cells that work together cell membranes communicate to form a tissue
Organs are formed by the functional grouping of multiple tissues with a distinctive shape
What is oxidative stress: (1)
Disturbance in balance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses
Signs of oxidative stress:(8)
Loss of collagen and elastin fibres
Fine wrinkles
loss of skin tone
texture changes
Trigger of dark spots and discoloration
Reduced barrier function of skin
More Sensitive
less moist
