Test 1 Flashcards
basic hair removal procedures
- waxing
-tweezing
advanced hair removal procedures
-electrolysis
- laser
- intense pulsed light
why estheticians should have a thorough understanding of hair removal
- makes a large part of a salon business
- waxing most common method of hair removal
-understanding benefits and risks and how to perform techniques is vital to success
- knowing what methods to use; room prep, safety, infection control procedures
trichology definition
study of hair and its diseases
why is it important to know hair structure ?
- helps you provide and suggest the best hair removal services for the client
what is the structure of the hair
- hair follicle
hair follicle
- mass epidermal cells forming a small canal/tube extending deep into the dermis
what contains the hair follicle
- pilosebacous unit contains the follicle and the appendages
what is included in the hair follicle appendages
- hair root
-hair bulb - hair papilla
-hair shaft
-arrector pili muscle - sebaceous glands
follicular canal
- lined with epidermal tissue
- epidermal cells produce the follicle and hair matrix
Matrix
where cell mitosis happens
hair roots
- anchors hair to the skin cells
- located at the bottom of the follicle below skin surface
- lies within follicle at the base, where hair grow
hair bulb
- thick club shaped structure
-made from epithelial cells that surround the papilla - forms lower part/base of the follicle
- where hair grows from cell division
-covers papilla
what does the hair bulb do?
- contains dividing cells of hair matrix
- produces the hair and both the external root sheath and internal root sheath lining follicle
internal sheath
in hair bulb
- thick layers of cells you see attached to base of hair
hair papilla
- cone shaped elevation of connective tissue
- contains capillaries and nerves
- located at the base of follicle fitting in bulb
what does the hair papilla do
- necessary for hair growth and nourishment of follicle
- blood vessels bring nutrients to base of the bulb, causing it to grow and form new hair
hair shaft
- part of the hair that is located above the surface of the skin
3 major layers of the shaft
- cuticle - outermost layer
- cortex- middle layer
-medulla- centre layer
how does hair grow
- cell division of matrix occurs and hair grows longer
-keratinization completes by time cells approach skin surface
- hair matrix divide to form 3 layers
sebaceous gland
- secretes waxy substance called sedum
-lubricates skin and hair
-keeps skin supple and waterproof to protects against external factors
arrestor pili muscle
- contract when affected by cold or other stimuli
- pulls on follicle and forces hair to stand erect, causing goosebumps
what are the types of hair
- lanugo
-vellus
-terminal
lanugo hair
- soft downy hair
-found on fetus - sheds after birth, replaced with vellus or terminal
vellus hair
- found in areas not covered by coarse terminal hair
- peach fuzz
- removing vellus hair can result in follicles producing terminal hair
- not recommended to tweeze, shave or wax
Terminal Hair
- longer coarse hair found on the head, brows, lashes, genitals, arms and legs
- hormone changes during puberty causes follicles to switch from vellus to terminal
what are the stages of hair growth
- anagen phase - new hair produced
- catagen phase - transition phase
- telogen phase - final/resting stage
Anagen stage
- new cells from hair and root sheaths and used upward
- can remain in anagen for weeks to years , depends on location
- scalp hair remains in anagen in years
- best phase for aestheticians
what hair phase is best for aestheticians
anagen phase- most effective
catagen stage
- mitosis ceases, hair detaches itself from papilla
- follicle degenerates and collapses
- hair loses inner sheath and becomes dryer
- mature hair referred to as club hair
- shortest phase of the cycle
telogen phase
- club hair moves up follicle ready to shed
- hair at full size and length
-erect in follicle, showing above surface
- hairbulb is not active
- hair released and only attached by epidermal cells
-may sit in follicle until pushed out by new anagen or falls out
what is hypertrichosis
-excessive hair growth in areas hair normally doesn’t grow vellus hair
- can be waxed, may not cure
why does hypertrichosis occur
-genetics
-inherited
- ethnicity
- puberty
- pregnancy
- menopause
- medical procedures/treatments
- reaction to medications
Androgens
-hormone in male when they go through puberty
- women with high androgens have disorder that can cause growth of beard, or air in unusual places
- harder to wax
what is hirsutism
- excessive hair growth on face, chest, underarms and groin
- particularly in women
- removed by removing class
causes of hirsutism
- stimulation of male androgens at puberty
- medications
- illness
-stress - male androgens in blood
hirsutism in women causes
- hormonal imbalances
- excessive androgen production secreted from ovaries/adrenal glands
- menopause
- may dissipate with time/treatment
disease definition
pathological like conditions caused by viruses/bacteria with a series of signs and symptoms
disorder
abnormally of function
syndrome
group of symptoms that when combined characterize a disease or disorder
disease affecting hair growth
acromegaly and Cushing syndrome - medical conditions related to excessive androgen production affecting hair growth
disorders affecting hair growth
adrenogenital syndrome- malfunction of adrenal cortex causing over production of androgens
syndromes affecting hair growth
- polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) - individual present with hirsutism, irregular menses, ovarian cysts, and obesity
- Achard-Thiers Syndrome- combination of Cushing and adrenogenital syndrome
types of soft wax
- rosins
- honey
application to removal steps (8)
- pretreatment: cleanse and prep skin
- test: make sure wax is at safe temp and consistency
- apply: using spatula apply thin layer in direction of hair growth
- strip: quickly place strip over wax is temp and consistency
- rub: rub firmly over strip in direction of growth
- place: place on hand firmly over pulling end
- pull: swiftly pull against hair growth
- pressure: immediately apply pressure to waxed area
post wax precautions
- avoid sun
- tanning
- exfoliation
- fragrance
- excessive heat
- 24-48 hrs
visible contraindications
- varicose veins
- pronounced moles and warts
- cuts, abrasions, sores
- active herpes
- acne, cysts, boils
- skin disease and disorders
- sunburn, inflammation, rash, bruising
health contraindications
- diabetes
- poor circulation
- chemo/radiation
- high blood pressure
- low pain threshold
- lupus
medication contraindications
- accutane
- antibiotics
- cortisone creams
- retin. A/ renova
- AHA exfoliant
- BHA/ salicylic acid
indications for wax service
- 1/2 inch for virgin hair
- 1/4 for coarse shaven
- lift ingrown 4-7 days before service
- exfoliating before but not on day of
- no tanning 24hrs before and after service
review eyebrow measurements
review hair structure diagrams
how long is a client required to be off accutane prior to wax
6-8 weeks
what is each hair layer made up of
cuticle and cortex- hard keratin
medulla- soft keratin
