Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANTHRO 214 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is anthropology?

A

Study of humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many subfields does anthropology have?

A

4: Sociocultural, Linguistic, Biological/Physical, and Archaeology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Archaeology?

A

A subfield of anthropology that studies past humans through material remains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is material culture?

A

The physical aspects of culture; things that can be touched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Differences between archaeology and history?

A

History: Study of humans in the past through written records and those records have been around for 5,000 years
Archaeology: Study of humans in the past through material remains while humans have been around for nearly 3 million years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is prehistorical archaeology?

A

Study of humans before the advent of writing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is historical archaeology?

A

Study of humans before the advent of writing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is contemporary archaeology?

A

Study of humans in the recent past and present using material remains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s the world’s oldest museum?

A

The Shosoin Repository in Nara, Japan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is the origin of archaeology?

A

Enlightenment Period (1600-1800)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is antiquarianism?

A

The collection and study of antiques, fascination with standing relics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who was Inigo Jones?

A

He argued Stonehenge was the remains of a Roman temple was found

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Herculaneum?

A

Site discovered by the Prince of Elbeuf where the complete Roman temple was found

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Pompeii?

A

In 1748, the site was discovered by the King and Queen of Naples which incited fascination with Roman structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who is Carlos de Siguenza y Gongora?

A

Excavated Teotihuacan’s Pyramid of the Moon, Mexico cut a short tunnel into the platform of the pyramid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who is Bishop Jaime Martinez Companon?

A

In 1765, he excavated Huaca de Tantalluc, a mounded shrine in Peru, and recorded the site’s stratigraphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is stratigraphy?

A

The layering of the archaeological deposits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who is Thomas Jefferson?

A

In 1784, he conducted excavations on a burial mound of his Monticello property, believed to be a burial site for Native American people

19
Q

What is scientific approach? (Thomas Jefferson)

A

The use of systematic digging and detail-oriented recording to understand the site’s stratigraphy

20
Q

What is uniformitarianism?

A

The past was like the present, especially in geological formations: meaning that the studies done in the present could explain the past

21
Q
A
22
Q

Who is James Hutton?

A

18th-century Scottish geologist, “Father of Modern Geology” advanced the idea that past geological processes could be understood

23
Q

What is most archaeology driven by?

A

European colonialism

24
Q

Who is Jacques Boucher de Perthes?

A

He published hand axes found in association with extinct animals in France and established the existence of prehistoric humans in Europe

25
Q

What is lithics?

A

Human-created stone tools

26
Q

Who is C.J. Thompson?

A

Museum curator who groups artifacts by material (stone, bronze, iron) and creates the Three Age System

27
Q

What is the Three Age System?

A

A fundamental chronological system with dates based on geographical location

28
Q

What is the Stone-Age?

A

A prehistoric period when weapons and tools were made of stone or of organic materials such as bone, wood, or horn

29
Q

What is the Bronze-Age?

A

The time from around 2000 BC to 700 BC when people used bronze

30
Q

What is the Iron-Age?

A

The time from 1200 BC and 600 BC when people began making tools and weapons from iron and steel

31
Q

What is prehistory?

A

The time that stretches beyond biblical time (before 6,000 years ago) was found by John Lubbock

32
Q

Who is Charles Darwin?

A

He worked to establish the concepts of evolution, natural selection, and adaptation

33
Q

What is evolution?

A

The process of growth and development generally accompanied by increasing complexity

34
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Better-adapted individuals survive and reproduce, passing their adaptations

35
Q

Who is Lewis Binford?

A

Made the definition of culture

36
Q

What is culture?

A

The extra somatic (outside of the body) means adaptation for the human organism

37
Q

What is adaptation?

A

A trait of an organism that serves natural selection, can be and is used by archaeologists to define culture and explain social change over time

38
Q

What is social evolution?

A

When humans develop from simple to complex forms, traces of the development of human societies in an increasing complexity

39
Q

What is seriation dating?

A

Chronological ordering of a group of artifacts or assemblages

40
Q

What is relative dating?

A

Determining chronological sequences without the use of fixed dates

41
Q

Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?

A

From 1798 to 1800, campaigned in Egypt in an attempt to conquer the Levant, by doing so he brought people who introduced ancient Egypt to the Western world

42
Q

What is the Rosetta Stone?

A

Stone containing an inscription in three different languages

43
Q
A

ANTHRO 214 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions