Test 1 Flashcards
Define Sociology
the scientific study of human society, social behaviors, relationships, and social institutions
what things sociology actually examines
An evidence-based approach to understanding the social world
The sociological perspective contends that behavior needs to be understood at the social level
Harriet Martineau
theories and contributions
assertion that when studying society, one must focus on all aspects of it.
believed in social reform
What are the roles of sociologists?
to study human behavior, interaction, and organization
August Comte
theories and contributions
developed methods for studying society and social behavior using the scientific method
known as the “father of sociology”
Emile Durkheim
theories and contributions
helped define and establish the field of sociology as an academic discipline
social togetherness is of two types chiefly –
the first is how society stands and works together as one unit.
The second is what binds an individual to his society.
Herbert Spencer
theories and contributions
social Darwinism- natural selection creates evolution
an evolutionary perspective on social order and social change.
general explanation for sociological perspective
contends that behavior needs to be understood at the social level
Karl Marx
theories and contributions
Marxism is a social, economic and political philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society. It stimulates the workers to protest the injustice.
Max Weber
theories and contributions
Weber argued that power can take a variety of forms. A person’s power can be shown in the social order through their status, in the economic order through their class, and in the political order through their party
Microsociology
Studying behavior at small groups and asking how it affects people as a whole
Macrosociology
studying behavior at societal level (big things in society and ask how they affect individuals) (nations)
Functional Perspective:
Studying society as a system of interconnected parts that work together to maintain a state of balance and social order
MACRO
Symbolic/Interactionist Perspective:
A view of social behavior that emphasize individuals, small groups, communications, and socialization
MICRO
What is a thematic focus?
Refers to the important ideas or concepts involved
Each theory is a different lens we can use to analyze behavior- and each theory has its own “big picture” ideas and concepts
Conflict Perspective
An approach to studying study that emphasizes social, political, and and economic power
MACRO
What does it mean that sociology is a “social science”?
analyze social behaviours through data and stuff
How is the Scientific Method used with sociology?
What is the purpose of sociological research?
qualitative vs quantitative data
. What are the two types of culture? What is the difference between the two?
What is culture?
material culture example
