Test #1 Flashcards
Monet
Impression: Sunrise
oil on canvas
1872
Van Gogh
Night Cafe
oil on canvas
1902
Cezanne
Mont Sainte-Victoire
oil on canvas
1902
Matisse
Red Room
oil on canvas
1908
Picasso
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
oil on canvas
1907
Improvisation 28
Kandinsky
Improvisation 28
oil on canvas
1912
Duchamp
Nude Descending a Staircase
oil on canvas
1912
Brancusi
Bird in Space
Bronze
1924
The Treachery of Images
Magritte
The Treachery of Images
oil on canvas
1928
Le Corbusier
Villa Savoye
concrete
1929
Mondrian
Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow
oil on canvas
1930
Dorothea Lange
Migrant Mother
gelatin silver print
1935
Frank Lloyd Wright
Falling Water
stone and concrete
1936
Frida Kahlo
The Two Fridas
oil on canvas
1939
Edward Hopper
Nighthawks
oil on canvas
1942
Jackson Pollock
Number 1
oil, enamel, aluminum paint on canvas
1950
de Kooning
Woman I
oil on canvas
1950
Robert Rauschenberg
Erased de Kooning Drawing
traces of ink and crayon on paper with mat and hand-lettered label in gold-leaf frame
1953
Mark Rothko
No. 14
oil on canvas
1960
Helen Frankenthaler
The Bay
acrylic on canvas
1963
Gestural Abstraction?
Also known as action painting. A kind of abstract painting in which the gesture, or act of painting, is seen as the subject of art. It’s most renowned proponent was Jackson Pollock.
Avant-garde?
French, “advance guard” (in a platoon). Late-19th- and 20th-century artists who emphasized innovation and challenged established convention in their work.
Action Painting?
Also called gestural abstraction. The kind of Abstract Expressionism practiced by Jackson Pollock, in which the emphasis was on the creation process, the artist’s gesture in making art. Pollock poured liquid paint in linear webson his canvases, which he laid out on the floor, thereby physically surrounding himself in the painting during its creation.
Dada?
An early-20th-century art movement prompted by a revulsion against the horror of World War I. Dada embraced political anarchy, the irrational, and the intuitive. A disdain for convention, often enlivened by humor or whimsy, is characteristic of the art the Dadaists produced.
Surrealism?
A successor to Dada, Surrealism incorporated the improvisational nature of its predecessor into its exploration of the ways to express in art the world of dreams and the unconscious. Biomorphic Surrealists, such as Joan Miro, produced largely abstract compositions. Naturalistic Surrealists, notably Salvador Dali, presented recognizable scenes transformed into a dream or nightmare image.
Post-Impressionism?
The term used to describe the stylistically hererogeneous work of the group of late-19th-century painters in France, including van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat, and Cezanne, who more systematically examined the properties and expressive qualities of line, pattern, form, and color than the Impressionists did.
German Expressionism?
Although color plays an important role, the expressiveness of the German images is due as much to wrenching distortions of form, ragged outline, and agitated brush strokes. This approach resulted in savagely powerful, emotional canvases in the years leading to World War I.
Cubism?
An early-20th-century art movement that rejected naturalistic depictions, preferring compositions of shapes and forms abstracted from the conventionally perceived world. The first phase of Cubism was Ananlytic Cubism, developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, in which the artists analyzed form from every possible vantage point to combine the various views into one pictorial whole. A later phase of Cubism, called Synthetic Cubism, in which paintings and drawings were constructed from objects and shapes cut from paper or other materials to represent parts of a subject, in order to engage the viewer with pictorial issues, such as figuration, realism, and abstraction.
Hard-edge painting?
A variant of Post-Painterly Abstraction that rigidly excluded all refernce to gesture and incorporated smooth knife-edge geometric forms to expredd the notion that painting should be reduced to its visual components.
Color-field Painting?
A variant of Post-Painterly Abstraction in which artists sought to reduce painting to its physical essence by pouring diluted paint onto unprimed canvas and letting these pigments soak into the fabric, as exemplified by the work of Helen Frankenthaler and Morris Louis.
Zoopraxiscope?
A device invented by Eadweard Muybridge in the 19th century to project sequences of still photographic images; a predecessor of the modern motion-picture projector.
Impressionism?
A late-19th-century art movement that sought to capture a fleeting moment, thereby conveying the illusiveness and impermanence of images and conditions.
Fauvism?
An early-20th-century art movemtn led by Henri Matisse. For the fauves, color became the formal element most responsible for pictorial coherence and the primary conveyor of meaning.
Neue Sachlichkeit?
German, “new objectivity.” An art movement that grew directly out of the World War I expericences of a group of German artists who sought to show the horrors of the war and its effects.
Abstract Expressionism?
The first major American avant-garde movement, Abstract Expressionism emerged in New York City in the 1940s. The artists produced abstract paintings that expressed their state of minf and that they hoped would strike emotional chords in viewers. The movement developed along two lines; gestural abstraction and chromatic abstraction.
Chromatic Abstraction?
A kind of Abstract Expressionism that focuses on the emotional resonance of color, as exemplified by the work of Barnett Newmann and Mark Rothko.
Minimalism?
A predominantly sculptural American trend of the 1960s characterized by works featuring a severe reduction of form, often to single homogenous units.
De Stijl?
Dutch, “the style.” An early-20th-century art movement (and magazine), founded by Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg, whose members promoted utopian ideals and developed a simplified geometric style.
WPA?
Works Progress Administration, founded in 1935 to relieve widespread unemployment. Under the WPA, varied activites of the Federal Art Project paid artists, writers, and theater people a regular wage in exchange for work in the professions.
Primitivism?
The incorporatioin in early -20th-century Western art of stylistic elements from the artifacts of Africa, Oceania, and the native peoples of the Americas.
Photomontage?
A composition made by pasting together pictures or parts of pictures, especially photographs.
Regionalism?
A 20th-century American art movement that portrayed American rural life in a clearly readable, realist style. Major Regionalists include Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton.
