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Fluids II Test 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid Mechanics

A

the study of the behavior of a gas or liquid that is either at rest or in motion

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2
Q

cohesive

A

nonwetting liquids, such as mercury, have a greater force of ______ to their contacting surface than the liquid’s adhesive force

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3
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

The __________ relates the absolute pressure of the gas to its density and absolute temperature

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4
Q

Kinematic viscosity

A

a ratio of the fluid’s viscosity to its density

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5
Q

Specific gravity

A

the ratio of either a liquid’s density or its specific weight to that of water

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6
Q

density

A

mass per unit volume

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7
Q

specific weight

A

weight per unit volume

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8
Q

adhesion

A

wetting liquids, such as water, have a greater force of _______ to their contacting surface than the liquid’s cohesive force

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9
Q

Bulk modulus

A

measure of a fluid’s resistance to compression

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10
Q

viscosity

A

measure of a fluid’s resistance to shear

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11
Q

above

A

the body will be stable if its metacenter is located ______ its center of gravity

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12
Q

pressure

A

normal force acting per unit area

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13
Q

buoyant force

A

the _______ acting on a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by the body

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14
Q

horizontal

A

in a static fluid, the pressure is constant at points that lie in the same ______ plane

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15
Q

paraboloid

A

if a container has a constant rotation about a fixed axis, the liquid surface will form a forced vortex having the shape of a __________

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16
Q

Absolute Pressure

A

Pgage + Patm

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17
Q

Barometer

A

used to measure atmospheric pressure

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18
Q

incompressible

A

if the fluid is _______, then the pressure depends on the specific weight of the fluid, and it increases linearly with depth

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18
Q

pressure head

A

the ________ indicates the height of a column of liquid that produces the gage pressure

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19
Q

stable

A

regarding stability, the floating body is ________ when the center of gravity is below its center of buoyancy

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20
Q

convective

A

the _______ acceleration accounts for its spatial change, from the point where the particle enters a control surface, to the point where it exits another surface.

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21
Q

laminar

A

flow that occurs when the fluid flows in thin layers so that the fluid particles follow smooth paths

22
Q

streamline

A

curve that indicates the direction of the velocity of particles located on it at a particular instant of time

23
Q

surroundings

A

a system is a specific quantity of fluid that is set apart from the fluid particles outside this region, which is called the _______.

24
steady
this flow occurs when the flow does not change with time
25
local
this acceleration accounts for the time rate of change in velocity within the control volume
26
turbulent
this flow is very erratic, causing mixing of the fluid particles
27
uniform
this flow occurs when the flow does not change with location
28
streakline
this is formed by a succession of marked particles that all come from the same point of origin.
29
eulerian
this description considers a specific region (or control volume) in the flow, and it measures the motion, or a fluid property, of all the particles that pass through this region.
29
continuity
this equation is based on the conservation of mass, which requires that the mass of a fluid system remain constant with respect to time
30
extensive
fluid properties that depend upon mass
31
steady
this type of flow occurs when the control volume is attached to a body moving with constant velocity
32
positive
vectors directed outward from a control surface are _______
33
Mass flow
this depends on the density of the fluid and on the velocity profile passing through the area
34
intensive
fluid properties that are independent of mass
35
lagrangian
this description is used to describe the motion of fluid particles within a system of particles
36
eulerian
this description uses a fixed, moving, or deformable control volume to describe the motion of a system of particles that enter and exit its open control surfaces
37
volumetric flow
the ______ or discharge through a planar area is determined by finding the velocity of the flow perpendicular to the area
38
reynolds transport theorem
using the ______, we can relate the time rate of change of a fluid property for a system of particles, to its time rate of change as measured from a control volume.
39
Pitot
________ tubes can be used to measure the velocity of a liquid in an open channel
40
gravitational
for an inviscid fluid, the steady flow of a particle along a streamline is caused by pressure and _______ forces.
41
energy
when the fluid is viscous and/or energy is added to or removed from the fluid, the ______ equation should be used and is based on the first law of thermodynamics
42
Piezometer
to measure the velocity of a liquid in a closed conduit, it is necessary to use a pitot tube along with a _______, which measures the static pressure in the liquid
43
zero
when applying the bernoulli equation, the velocity is _______ at a stagnation point and can be assumed to be _______ at the top surface of a large reservoir
43
power
rate of doing shaft work
43
hydraulic grade line
plot of the hydraulic head
43
zero
when applying the bernoulli equation, the points at atmospheric openings have ______ gage pressure
43
energy grade line
a plot of the total head is called the _______, which will always be a constant horizontal line, provided there are no friction losses or pumps or turbines
43
betz's law
a wind turbine can extract a max of 59.3% of the total power of the wind
44
linear and angular momentum
the ______ equations are often used to determine resultant forces and couple moments that a body or surface exerts on a fluid in order to change the fluid's direction
45
turbojet or turbofan
a _______ engine is used mainly for the propulsion of the aircraft
46
wind turbine
a _______ decreases the linear momenum of the flow and therby remove energy from it
47
propeller
a ______ acts as a screw, which causes the linear momentum of the fluid to increase as it flows toward, through, then past blades

Fluids II Test 1 (2 decks)

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