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Fluids II Test 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid Mechanics

A

the study of the behavior of a gas or liquid that is either at rest or in motion

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2
Q

cohesive

A

nonwetting liquids, such as mercury, have a greater force of ______ to their contacting surface than the liquid’s adhesive force

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3
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

The __________ relates the absolute pressure of the gas to its density and absolute temperature

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4
Q

Kinematic viscosity

A

a ratio of the fluid’s viscosity to its density

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5
Q

Specific gravity

A

the ratio of either a liquid’s density or its specific weight to that of water

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6
Q

density

A

mass per unit volume

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7
Q

specific weight

A

weight per unit volume

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8
Q

adhesion

A

wetting liquids, such as water, have a greater force of _______ to their contacting surface than the liquid’s cohesive force

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9
Q

Bulk modulus

A

measure of a fluid’s resistance to compression

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10
Q

viscosity

A

measure of a fluid’s resistance to shear

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11
Q

above

A

the body will be stable if its metacenter is located ______ its center of gravity

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12
Q

pressure

A

normal force acting per unit area

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13
Q

buoyant force

A

the _______ acting on a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by the body

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14
Q

horizontal

A

in a static fluid, the pressure is constant at points that lie in the same ______ plane

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15
Q

paraboloid

A

if a container has a constant rotation about a fixed axis, the liquid surface will form a forced vortex having the shape of a __________

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16
Q

Absolute Pressure

A

Pgage + Patm

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17
Q

Barometer

A

used to measure atmospheric pressure

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18
Q

incompressible

A

if the fluid is _______, then the pressure depends on the specific weight of the fluid, and it increases linearly with depth

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18
Q

pressure head

A

the ________ indicates the height of a column of liquid that produces the gage pressure

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19
Q

stable

A

regarding stability, the floating body is ________ when the center of gravity is below its center of buoyancy

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20
Q

convective

A

the _______ acceleration accounts for its spatial change, from the point where the particle enters a control surface, to the point where it exits another surface.

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21
Q

laminar

A

flow that occurs when the fluid flows in thin layers so that the fluid particles follow smooth paths

22
Q

streamline

A

curve that indicates the direction of the velocity of particles located on it at a particular instant of time

23
Q

surroundings

A

a system is a specific quantity of fluid that is set apart from the fluid particles outside this region, which is called the _______.

24
Q

steady

A

this flow occurs when the flow does not change with time

25
Q

local

A

this acceleration accounts for the time rate of change in velocity within the control volume

26
Q

turbulent

A

this flow is very erratic, causing mixing of the fluid particles

27
Q

uniform

A

this flow occurs when the flow does not change with location

28
Q

streakline

A

this is formed by a succession of marked particles that all come from the same point of origin.

29
Q

eulerian

A

this description considers a specific region (or control volume) in the flow, and it measures the motion, or a fluid property, of all the particles that pass through this region.

29
Q

continuity

A

this equation is based on the conservation of mass, which requires that the mass of a fluid system remain constant with respect to time

30
Q

extensive

A

fluid properties that depend upon mass

31
Q

steady

A

this type of flow occurs when the control volume is attached to a body moving with constant velocity

32
Q

positive

A

vectors directed outward from a control surface are _______

33
Q

Mass flow

A

this depends on the density of the fluid and on the velocity profile passing through the area

34
Q

intensive

A

fluid properties that are independent of mass

35
Q

lagrangian

A

this description is used to describe the motion of fluid particles within a system of particles

36
Q

eulerian

A

this description uses a fixed, moving, or deformable control volume to describe the motion of a system of particles that enter and exit its open control surfaces

37
Q

volumetric flow

A

the ______ or discharge through a planar area is determined by finding the velocity of the flow perpendicular to the area

38
Q

reynolds transport theorem

A

using the ______, we can relate the time rate of change of a fluid property for a system of particles, to its time rate of change as measured from a control volume.

39
Q

Pitot

A

________ tubes can be used to measure the velocity of a liquid in an open channel

40
Q

gravitational

A

for an inviscid fluid, the steady flow of a particle along a streamline is caused by pressure and _______ forces.

41
Q

energy

A

when the fluid is viscous and/or energy is added to or removed from the fluid, the ______ equation should be used and is based on the first law of thermodynamics

42
Q

Piezometer

A

to measure the velocity of a liquid in a closed conduit, it is necessary to use a pitot tube along with a _______, which measures the static pressure in the liquid

43
Q

zero

A

when applying the bernoulli equation, the velocity is _______ at a stagnation point and can be assumed to be _______ at the top surface of a large reservoir

43
Q

power

A

rate of doing shaft work

43
Q

hydraulic grade line

A

plot of the hydraulic head

43
Q

zero

A

when applying the bernoulli equation, the points at atmospheric openings have ______ gage pressure

43
Q

energy grade line

A

a plot of the total head is called the _______, which will always be a constant horizontal line, provided there are no friction losses or pumps or turbines

43
Q

betz’s law

A

a wind turbine can extract a max of 59.3% of the total power of the wind

44
Q

linear and angular momentum

A

the ______ equations are often used to determine resultant forces and couple moments that a body or surface exerts on a fluid in order to change the fluid’s direction

45
Q

turbojet or turbofan

A

a _______ engine is used mainly for the propulsion of the aircraft

46
Q

wind turbine

A

a _______ decreases the linear momenum of the flow and therby remove energy from it

47
Q

propeller

A

a ______ acts as a screw, which causes the linear momentum of the fluid to increase as it flows toward, through, then past blades

Fluids II Test 1 (2 decks)

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