Test 1 Flashcards
What is pharmacology
Study of drugs that alter functions of living organisms
What is drug therapy
Use of drugs to prevent, or treat sign symptoms and disease process
Metabolism - cytochrome 450(enzyme)
Impacts the ability to metabolize drugs
Inactive metabolites
Have no biological effect
Active metabolites
Produces some sort of biological effect
Prodrugs
Become active when they are metabolized
What is bioavailability
It is how much medication is in the blood stream
Excretion
Elimination of the drug form the body
Agonists
Drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response
Antagonists
Attach to a receptor but does not stimulate a response
Pharmacokinetics
How to the medications move through the body via their administration
Pharmacodynamics
How target cells in the body respond to the medication
Additive
When drugs interact their combined effects increase the therapeutic effect
Synergism
When drugs interact and the drugs work together that amplifies their combined therapeutic effects
Interference
When drugs interacts and one stops another
Displacement
When the drugs interact they compete to bind to the specific site so the first drug that was bound to the receptor will get “kicked out” and released into the bloodstream, therefore increasing the effects while the second drug binds to the now available receptor and continues to increase the effects of the drug
What is distribution dependent on
Perfusion and protein
Serum drug level
A lab measurement of the amount of drug within the blood
Inactivation
The drug stops certain activities in the cell
Activation
The drug can start
/ speed up activities in the cell
Alteration
The drug can change how some things work inside the cell
Transduction of pain
Pain begins when there is a harmful stimulus and activates nerve endings called nocioreceptors that are located throughout the body
Transmission of pain
Propagation of signal: these electric signals along fiber that are part of the peripheral nervous system neurotransmitters release signals that continue along the nerve pathway
Somatic pain
Localized in skin, bone, soft tissue from stimulation of nocioceptors
Visceral pain
Pain resulting from stimulation of nociceptors in the abdominal and thoracic regions
Neuropathic pain
Caused by lesions or changes to the peripheral pain nerves
