Test 1

Question 1

What makes one mineral different from another?

Answer 1

Number of valiance electrons

Question 2

Whats a rock?

Answer 2

A combination of one mineral and at least one other substance

Question 3

Whats a mineral

Answer 3

Any naturally occurring inorganic solid that possess an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition that allows for some variation.

Question 4

Types of Mechanical Weathering (5)

Answer 4

1: Ice growth
2: Salt crystal growth
3: Sheeting
4: Thermal stressing
5: Biological Growth (plants)

Question 5

Types of Volcanoes (3+1)

Answer 5

1: Shield: Made of basaltic, round flat shield shape
2: Composites: aka Stratovolcanoes, classic cone shape, composed of interbreed lava flows, large but smaller then shields
3: Cinder cones, tinny, built up by lil fragments that come out of it and crystalize in flight
?: Large igneous province

Question 6

3 creators of Metamorphic Rocks

Answer 6

1: Heat
2: Pressure
3: Chemically Active Fluids

Question 7

High grade vs Low grade

Answer 7

High grade: High levels of mepmorphic change
Low Grade: Low levels of mepmorphic change

Question 8

Whats Foilation in metamorphic rocks

Answer 8

flat plain within a rock, clean line dividing

Question 9

Types of Volcanic Eruption

Answer 9

1: Passive: nothing but gases escaping (no magma)
2: Efustive: low viscosity, runny, bubbling over, kinda fast (slower then watter, mafic)
3: Explosive: It’s in the name, high viscosity (felicias)

Question 10

Types of Igneous Textures (6)

Answer 10

1: Aphanitic: Fine grained, microscopic crystals.
2: Phaneritic: Course grained, mass of intergrown crystals
3: Porhyritic: Two distinct grains, large or small crystals
4: Vesicular: Small holes, perforated
5: Glassy: Smooth
6: Pyroclastic: Fragmented

Question 11

Intimidate between Felsic and Mafic

Answer 11

Andesitic

Question 12

Physical Properties of mineral identification (9)

Answer 12

1: Optical (color n shit, generally unreliable)
2: Crystal Shape (single crystal or cluster called arrogates. Not always visible.)
3: Tenasity (how easy it is to break: brittle, elastic, malleable, sectal (cut into thin layers.))
4: Hardness (Mohs hardness scale, 1-10)
5: Cleavage (breakage point)
6: Density/specific gravity
7: Magnetism
8: Reactivity to acid
9: Taste (bad idea)

Question 13

Soil Layer (5)

Answer 13

O
A
E
B
C

Question 14

Control factors in soil creation

Answer 14

1: Parent marital
2: Climate
3: Plants and Animals
4: Topography
5: Time

Question 15

Chemical Weathering Processes (4)

Answer 15

1: Dissolution
2: Oxidation
3: Hydrolysis
4: Hydration

Question 16

Volcanic Hazards (5)

Answer 16

1: Ash
2: Gases
3: Pyroclastic flow
4: Lahars
5: Volcano-initiated tsuma

Question 17

Intrusive vs Extrusive?

Answer 17

Intrusive: Magma cooled bellow surface
Extrusive: Magma cooled above surface

Question 18

Volcanic Releases?

Answer 18

Lava, gasses pyroclastic materials

Question 19

Ture or False: Magma is just liquid?

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What do you call Volatiles (in magma)?

Answer 20

dissolved gasses in magma

Question 21

Folilated Textures

Answer 21

1: Salty Cleavage
2: Phyletic sheen
3: Schistose texture
4: Gneissic banding

Question 22

How does grain size relate to cooling speed?

Answer 22

Coarse Graned=Slow Cooling
Fine Graned= Fast Cooling

Question 23

Texture (3)

Answer 23

1: Gran Size
2: Grain Sorting (well sorted= water and wind; poorly sorted glacial and gravity)
3: Grain Shape

Question 24

Composition

Answer 24

1: Detrital
2: Chemical

Question 25

Whats Lithification?

Answer 25

processes by which sedimentary rocks are made

Question 26

Out of the two types of minerals, which is more common, silicates, or none-silicates?

Answer 26

Silicates

Question 27

What way of formation can create either silicates or none-silicates?

Answer 27

1: Recrystallized during metamorphic event
2: Perception form a water solution