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TR for Elderly > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Describe nursing homes in the 1930s

A

most were rooming houses that served meals. No regulations and lots of money to be made.

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1
Q

Purpose was to provide federal old age assistance to the elderly who lived at home or with others. It also withheld aid to older ppl who lived in public institutions?

What yr?

A

Social Security Act

1935

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2
Q

Three reasons nursing home began to grow

A

federal assistance
increased life expectancy
increased number of old ppl

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3
Q

A health insurance program that is administered by the Social Security Administration

A

Medicare

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4
Q

What are the two parts of Medicare?

A

part a - hospital insurance

part b - supplemental medical insurance

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5
Q

explain part a of Medicare

A

financed through payroll deductions and employer contributions to a health insurance trust fund

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6
Q

explain part b of Medicare

A

a voluntary program that requires the older person to pay a monthly premium. Federal gov matches the premium out of general tax revenues

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7
Q

in which part of Medicare is coverage for long term care limited?

A

part b - supplemental medical insurance

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8
Q

these link Medicare hospital reimbursement with average length of stay, principal diagnosis, and types of procedures performed to lower healthcare costs

A

DRGs

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9
Q

What are three problems with DRGs?

A
  • don’t look at differences in severity of illness, available recourses and number of hospital days required
  • hospitals decrease length of stay
  • ppl released quicker and sicker
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10
Q

goal for nursing homes to provide a environment in which each resident could achieve and maintain the highest practical level of physical, mental, and psychological well-being

what yr was it developed?

A

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

1987

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11
Q

a comprehensive welfare program designed to provide healthcare to the poor, regardless of age

A

Medicaid

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12
Q

What date did each state have to follow OBRA regs or risk their funding?

A

Oct 1990

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13
Q

What was the focus of OBRA?

A

evaluate resident care outcomes and de-emphasize review of structural measures of quality of care (policies n procedures)

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14
Q

biased conception of someone based on his or her chronological age

A

ageism

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15
Q

What was the life expectancy of men and women in the 80s?

A

men - 71.5

women - 78.4

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16
Q

how much longer do whites live than African Americans?

A

6 yrs

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17
Q

How much will the 85+ population increase by 2030?

A

triple

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18
Q

this is the primary payment source for nursing home care

A

Medicaid

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19
Q

what percent of whites are 65+?

A

15%

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20
Q

what percent of blacks are 65+?

Hispanics?

A

8%

5%

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21
Q

which state has the highest proportion of ppl 65+?

A

Fl

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22
Q

whats the ration men to women 65+?

A

men - 96

women - 100

23
Q

what percent of women 65+ are widowed?
by age 85?
by age 85 compared to men?

A

48%
80%
men - 35%

24
Q

what percentage of old ppl 65+ live below the poverty line?

A

10%

25
Q

also called genotypic aging

A

primary aging

26
Q

also called phenotypic aging

A

secondary aging

27
Q

These were implemented by Medicare to control healthcare costs

what yr?

A

Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs)

1983

28
Q

this is the speeding up of the aging process by factors such as stress, poor nutrition, radiation, untreated diseases, unhealthy lifestyle habits, etc.

A

secondary aging

29
Q

this is experienced by all species and is the degenerative process which occurs naturally (biological aging)

A

primary aging

30
Q

as age increases, the body wears out to the point at which life is used up

A

wear and tear theory

31
Q

the immune system produces antibodies that attach itself, producing aging. Also, foreign bodies, bacteria and viruses lead to cell dysfunction and death

A

autoimmune theory

32
Q

the is a decline in normal cell function caused by the loss of elasticity in muscle tissue, skin and bone vessels

A

cross-linkage theory

33
Q

imposed the first legal responsibility on society to care for the aged and sickly.

what yr?

A

Elizabethan Poor Laws

1601

34
Q

DNA mutations, cross-linking of connective tissue and changes in protein behavior result from the interaction of free radicals with other cell molecules

A

free radical theory

35
Q

there is a gradual decline in the cells ability to replicate.

A

cellular aging theory

36
Q

what theory is the most highly regarded one

A

cellular aging theory

37
Q

the most common ailment in older ppl

A

arthritis

38
Q

what percent of ppl 65+ is affected by arthritis?

A

48%

39
Q

this is a disease of connective tissue, joint inflammation, redness, swelling, tenderness

A

rheumatoid arthritis

40
Q

the deposit of fatty materials in the arteries, blocking blood flow

A

atherosclerosis

41
Q

thickening and loss of the elasticity of artery walls (hardening of the arteries)

A

arteriosclerosis

42
Q

heart attack, resulting from shortage of oxygen to the heart

A

mycardio infarction

43
Q

strokes, resulting from shortage of oxygen to the brain

A

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

44
Q

the blocking of blood vessels by large clots

A

thrombosis

45
Q

the clotting or blocking of the vessel by a free floating clot that was formed somewhere else in the body

A

embolisms

46
Q

a weak artery wall breaks, allowing blood to flow freely to other tissues and increasing pressure on them

A

hemorrhages

47
Q

among the top ten chronic conditions that affect activities of older ppl. can cause blindness, heart disease, kidney diseases, and difficulty healing

A

diabetes

48
Q

a clouding effect which results from a change in chemical make-up of the lens of the eye

A

cataracts

49
Q

inefficient drainage of the eye fluids results in increased pressure in the eyes.

A

glaucoma

50
Q

“group home” for the elderly, licensed to meet certain program standards

A

domiciliary care

51
Q

information is received and held for a short period of time

A

registration

52
Q

info is encoded (given meaning and organized) and stored in long term memory

A

retention

53
Q

info is sent back to short term memory when needed. any info cannot is forgotten

A

retrieval

54
Q

pressure sores

A

decubitus ulcer

TR for Elderly (3 decks)

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