Test 1 Flashcards
Relative Poverty
-income falls below a certain percentage of the median income
-not enough money/resources to live up to standards of society
Absolute poverty
-do not have access to basic necessities (food, water, shelter, etc.)
Epidemiology
-measuring/studying disease in a population
Inequality vs Inequity
-Inequality is uneven distribution of resources
-Inequity is even but unethical distribution of resources
Primary Care
-first point of contact (family doctor)
Secondary Care
-routine treatment services (psychiatrist)
Tertiary Care
-complex and specialized (cancer centres)
Social Care
-long-term care (elderly, disabilities)
Informal care
-provided by family
Relative risks
-the strength of associations between factors and outcomes (how strong is the association between poverty and health?)
Cross-sectional study
-Data is collected at a specific point in time
-identify coorelations
Case control studies
-examine relationship between a putative factor and a disease
-study two populations (one exposed and one not)
Cohort Study
-follow a group of people over time
-record factors impacting health and changes in health
Collinearity Problem
-unsure of contribution of individual variables because they are all so similar (hard to isolate)
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
-total value of good and services produced in a region at a specific point in time
Purchasing Power Parity
-way of comparing economic productivity and standards of living between countries
-if two baskets of good cost the same, the country is at equilibrium
Gini Index
-tells you how much the distribution of income in households deviates from what is considered equal distribution
-measured via Lorenz curve
Conservationism
-pushing to reduce government intervention via reduced regulations and lower taxes
Social Capital Theory
-equal societies are healthier (more solidarity, social support, trust)
Sociology and Criminology
-social change increases stress, social dislocation and dysfunctional behaviour
Primatology
-higher hierarchal position leads to improved health
Gini Coeficient
-statistical measure of economic equality in a population
HBDC Market Basket
-Canada’s poverty line
-income needed by a household to meet credible community norms
Social Mobility
-the shift between social statuses
Social Mobility Matrix
-comparing the size of inequalities between 1 ) the socially stable and 2) the whole populations
Social Protection
-the idea that previous socioeconomic circumstances decide the impact of new ones
Christopher Sarlo
-believes relative poverty is unnecessary to consider
Programming
-early experiences that have implications on child development
Latency
-the relationship between exposure and probability of health outcomes
Cumulative
-the combined effect of multiple exposures
Pathways
-how exposures influence the probability of others (domino effect)
4 Factors that impact health
- Income
- Housing
- Nutrition
- Early Child Development
Direct Health Selection Hypothesis
-poorer health increases risk of unemployment
Indirect Selection Hypothesis
-Characteristics such as personality traits can be cofounders of health and unemployment
Indirect Selection Hypothesis
-Characteristics such as personality traits can be cofounders of health and unemployment
Indirect Selection Hypothesis
-Characteristics such as personality traits can be cofounders of health and unemployment
Latend Conciquences
-non-fiction benefits to individuals as a result of employment (self-esteem, etc.)
Vitamin Theory
-the benefits of work on mental health includes: physical activity, mental activity, use of skills, etc.
