Test 1

Question 0

Crookes Tube

Answer 0

Used for cathode rays; stream of electrons

Question 1

Who discovered the Crookes tube

Answer 1

Sir William Crookes

Question 2

Nov 8, 1895

Answer 2

Dr. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen “discovered” x-rays

Question 3

Feb 10, 1923

Answer 3

First medical use of x-rays in US

Question 4

Eddie McCarthy

Answer 4

X-rayed by the frost brothers at Dartmouth college

Question 5

What are the 3 specific areas of phys sci

Answer 5

1. Vacuums
2. Electricity
3. IR materials

Question 6

Vacuums

Answer 6

Improved evacuation

- Better vacuum tubes

Question 7

Electricity

Answer 7

Improved on the production of generators

Question 8

Who furthered the study of cathode rays?

Answer 8

Michael Crookes

Question 9

Who created the first photographic copy of written material and when?

Answer 9

J.H. Scholtz in 1727

Question 10

Who produced and patented roll-paper film and when?

Answer 10

George Eastman

Question 11

Who produced a film gelatin silver bromide emulsion and when?

Answer 11

R.L Maddox in 1871

Question 12

Who invited the Coolidge X-ray tube and when?

Answer 12

William Coolidge in 1913

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the Coolidge tube?

Answer 13

1. Hot cathode X-ray tube
2. Vacuum tube
3. Coolidge tube matched w/ Snook transformer

Question 14

What are some of the advantages for the Coolidge tube?

Answer 14

1. Allowed for x-ray energy and intensity to be selected separately
2. KvP controls energy
3. mA controls intensity

Question 15

General public misuse

Answer 15

1. Circus
   
   • entertainment
2. Dept stores & fairs
   
   • “bone portraits”
   • shoe fitting
3. Manufacturing co.
   
   • X ray specs
   • lead underwear
4. Wealthy
   
   • purchased x-ray machines

Question 16

Who developed the fluoroscope and when?

Answer 16

Thomas Edison in 1898

-originally called the vitascope

Question 17

What materials did Edison use for experiments?

Answer 17

1. Barium platinocyanide
2. Calcium tungstate (best)
3. Zinc cadmium sulfide

Question 18

Who was the first noted x-ray fatality in the US?

Answer 18

Clarence Madison

-Edison’s assistant

Question 19

What are some other noted injuries?

Answer 19

1. Thomas Edison
   
   • eyes
2. Skin damage
3. Loss of hair
4. Anemia
   * All caused by low dose radiation/long exposure time

Question 20

When were acute injuries starting to be controlled and why?

Answer 20

• 1910
• improvement in equipment
• higher energy beams
• more attention to radiology safety