Test 1

Question 0

Specificity

Answer 0

Identify people who have pathologies

Question 1

What does minimum detectable change (MDC) mean?

Answer 1

The absolute change in score necessary to conclude genuine change is the same for both improvement and deterioration in performance. (what is clinically important for the patient)

Question 2

Sensitivity

Answer 2

Identifying that sick people are truly sick

Question 3

Reliability

Answer 3

Measures the same thing consistently

Question 4

Validity

Answer 4

Precise results from the object being measured

Question 5

Function of CNS

Answer 5

Communication, Processes, Organizes and Regulates

Question 6

Function of the brainstem

Answer 6

Regulates postural tone

Question 7

Function of the Cerebellum

Answer 7

Responsible for regulating force/range of our movements and the adapting the amplitudes of muscle responses to changing environments/task

Question 8

Function of Basal Ganglia:

Answer 8

Is responsible for motor planning and responding to change of environment/task by quickly changing the muscle pattern

Question 9

Outcome Measure Tests related to Balance

Answer 9

Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), Single Leg Stance Test, Sitting Forward/Lateral Reach Test, Sharpened Romberg (Tandem Stance), Functional Reach Test, Multi-Directional Reach Test, Timed Chair Rise x 5

Question 10

Timed Up and Go Test

Answer 10

Measures the time to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, walk back to chair, and sit down

Question 11

What and who is the TUG good for?

Answer 11

It correlates well to functional mobility

It is good for populations that are at risk for falls and have vestibular dysfunction

Question 12

TUG Fall Risk Scores

Answer 12

Fall Risk: 10-30 sec

Moderate Fall Risk: >19secs

Low Fall Risk: < 11 secs

Question 13

Scores greater than 14 seconds in a TUG

Answer 13

High risk for falls

Question 14

Score less than 10 sec for TUG

Answer 14

Is normal

Question 15

Scores less than 20 sec for TUG

Answer 15

Community ambulation

Question 16

Score of 20-30 seconds for TUG

Answer 16

Impaired Mobility

Question 17

Score of TUG that correlates with Berg Scores and Dynamic Gait

Answer 17

Scores less than 20 sec correlated to higher Berg score

Question 18

TUG provides a measure of what

Answer 18

Functional gait and indirectly translates to balance during gait

Question 19

Functional Reach Test measure what

Answer 19

Measures balance by looking at max forward reach using a fixed BOS

Question 20

Functional Reach Test detects

Answer 20

Detects balance impairments and changes in balance performance over time

Question 21

What populations is the functional reach test good for?

Answer 21

Older adults, repeat fallers, Parkinson’s pts

Question 22

The score in a functional reach test that is a predictor for falls

Answer 22

Less than or equal to 6 cm

Question 23

Time Chair Rise score that is an indicator for fall risk

Answer 23

Greater than 15 sec is indicator for fall risk

Question 24

Berg Balance test is good for what populations?

Answer 24

Older pts, MS, stroke

Question 25

Berg Balance score that is associated with increase risk for falls?

Answer 25

less than 45 seconds

Question 26

Berg Balance Scores that indicate low risk for falls

Answer 26

41-56

Question 27

Berg Balance score that indicates medium fall risk

Answer 27

21-40

Question 28

Berg Balance Score associated with high fall risk

Answer 28

0-20

Question 29

Tinetti Assessment Tool is what type of test?

Answer 29

Task-oriented test that measures balance and gait abilities in older adults. Also, examines different components of balance and gait.

Question 30

Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) score for high risk

Answer 30

less than 19

Question 31

POMA score for medium risk

Answer 31

19-24

Question 32

POMA score of low risk

Answer 32

greater than 24

Question 33

Dynamic Gait Index evaluates what?

Answer 33

Functional stability and risk of falling during gait activities in older adults ex. stairs, turning head, changing gait speed

Question 34

Dynamic Gait Index is good for finding what?

Answer 34

useful in capturing problems that are difficult to detect with static balance measures

Question 35

Dynamic Gait Index is good for what populations

Answer 35

Older adults, vestibular dysfunction, MS, stroke

Question 36

Dynamic Gait Index score for high risk for falls

Answer 36

Less than 16

Question 37

Score for the Dynamic Gait Index that is a decreased risk for falls

Answer 37

greater than 19

Question 38

Dynamic Gait Index score that is considered safe for ambulation

Answer 38

greater than 22

Question 39

Gait speed is a valid measure of what?

Answer 39

The ability to walk in older adults (over 60yo) Shorter stride lengths and decreased gait speed increase the risk of falling

Question 40

Hoffer Classification- Nonambulatory

Answer 40

W/C bound

Question 41

Hoffer Classification: Therapeutic

Answer 41

Only walks in therapy (with aides also at home, school, hospital)

Question 42

Hoffer Classification: Household

Answer 42

walks only indoors, otherwise use W/C (furniture walkers)

Question 43

Hoffer Classification: Community Walker

Answer 43

Can walk indoors and outdoors for short time periods, but uses W/C long community trips

Question 44

Neonatal Theories- Supplemental Stimulation (1970s)

Answer 44

Premature infants develop differently b/c of sensory deprivation due to decreased exposure to the intrauterine environment. (so overstimulate the baby) But babies couldn't handle all the stimulation

Question 45

Neonatal Theories- Environmental Modulation

Answer 45

Developmental differences are due to sensory stress and overload Immature nervous system = decreased ability to habituate to sensory stimulus Decrease stimuli

Question 46

Synactive Theory of Infant Development- Current Theory

Answer 46

Dynamic system formed by interaction of the infant, caregiver, and environment with focus on behavioral organization (Blend of stimulation and protection from stimulation

Question 47

Positive effects of Kangaroo care

Answer 47

Temperature regulation, weight gain, sleep, breathing, state organization, physiologic stability, energy conservation, parent-infant bonding

Question 48

Benefits of infant massage

Answer 48

Improved daily weight gain, improved sleep, enhanced mother-infant communication and interaction

Question 49

Noise and Light Recommendations

Answer 49

Noise level <646 lux (60 ft candles)