TEST 1 Flashcards
DEFINITION: art and science of treating diseases, injuries, and deformities by operation and instrumentation
SURGERY
4 CATEGORIES OF Perioperative Nursing
- preoperative care
- intraoperative care
- post-anesthetic care
- post-operative care
5 PARTS OF Preoperative Care
1) Client interview
2) Nursing assessment
3) Pre-op teaching
4) Legal preparation
5) Pre-op checklist
THIS PART OF THE PREOPERATIVE NURSING ASSESSMENT INCLUDES:
- Previous experiences with Sx (surgery) and anesthesia
- Allergies, meds, age, nutrition
- Past medical history
Nursing history
THIS PART OF THE PREOPERATIVE NURSING ASSESSMENT INCLUDES:
- Assessment of mobility (side weaknesses)
- Systems
- Head to Toe
- Lab work/test results
Physical examination
LIST 7 PREOPERATIVE RISK FACTORS
- Meds
- Physical/mental impairments
- Mobility limitations (side weaknesses)
- Smoking, ETOH (ethanol/alcohol) use, street drugs (risk of withdrawal symptoms)
- Occupation
- Poor nutritional status (obesity-related healing complications such as dehiscence)
- Infection, nausea, fever
PRE-OP TEACHING: NUTRITION
3 items
- NPO (Most surgeries require NPO after midnight)
- POST-OP DIET (Increase diet slowly)
- POST-OP NAUSEA (common—there are medications to help with this)
PRE-OP TEACHING: AMBULATION
4 items
- AMBULATE EARLY (important to prevent clots)
- IMMOBILIZERS (May have immbolizers, have to use assistive devices)
- LEG EXERCISES
- TED SOCKS
PRE-OP TEACHING: BREATHING
3 items
- Perform deep breathing and coughing exercises
- Splinting
- Incentive spirometer
- IMPORTANT TO PREVENT COLLAPSED LUNG & PNEUMONIA
PRE-OP TEACHING: GROOMING
5 ITEMS
- Take a bath or shower morning of surgery
- Remove nail polish, artificial fingernails, hair clips, and jewellery before surgery
- Dentures and eyeglasses will be removed and stored during surgery
- Remove prosthetics
- No contact lenses permitted
PRE-OP TEACHING: MEDICATION
2 ITEMS
- Take preoperative medication as ordered
- Stop taking prescribed medications, OTC medications, and herbal remedies as suggested by the physician, anaesthesiologist, or surgeon
PRE-OP TEACHING: PAIN CONTROL
2 ITEMS
- Ask for pain medication as needed
2. Types of pain control (epidural, PCA)
9 IMPORTANT THINGS ON AN INFORMED CONSENT
- Name of procedure/surgery
- Description of procedure/surgery
- Person performing the procedure/surgery
- Benefits of procedure/surgery
- Potential risks and adverse effects of procedure/surgery
- Approximate length of time for procedure/surgery
- Approximate length of time needed for recovery
- Alternative treatments
- Consequences of refusing treatment
INFORMED CONSENT - LEGAL OR ETHICAL NURSING ROLE?
act as a witness to verify that the person who signed the consent is the client so named or the client’s legal guardian
LEGAL
INFORMED CONSENT - LEGAL OR ETHICAL NURSING ROLE?
act as the client’s advocate, ensures that the client understands the information and that the form has been signed and witnessed before the client receives preoperative medication
ETHICAL
Post-operative Care (after surgery) begins ________________ after surgery and continues until the client is discharged
immediately
PACU
post anesthesia care unit
RR
recovery room
patient stays in PACU until ________________
stable
From PACU – client can be discharged to ______, _____________ _________, or ___________________ _________ _________.
ICU
IN-PATIENT UNIT
AMBULATORY CARE UNIT
7 CRITERIA FOR PACU discharge:
- Client awake (or baseline)
- Vital signs stable
- No excess bleeding or drainage
- No respiratory depression
- Oxygen saturation > above 90%
- Pain controlled
- Report given to receiving recipient (nurse from other units)
FIRST STEP IN POST-OPERATIVE CARE
Get report (how much blood was lost, fluids received, pain meds, etc.)
5th vital sign?
pain
5 post-op exercises
- deep breathing
- controlled coughing
- incentive spirometer
- leg rom
- repositioning
