Test 1 Flashcards
Variable
Property of some event, object, or person that may change value. Inclu social values.
Ways of establishing truth
Tenacity, intuition, authority, rationalism, empiricism
Constant
Value that stays the same.
Data
Measurements that are made on the subject
Population
The complete set of individs, objects, or scores that the investigator is studying
Sample
Subset of pop that data is collected from
Statistic
Number calculated on sample data that quantifies a characteristic of the sample (to est parameter)
Parameter
Number calculated on pop data that quantifies a characteristic of the pop
Descriptive statistics
Used to describe or characterize the obtained data
Inferential statistics
Uses obtained sample data to infer to pop
Independent variable (IV)
Variable that is manipulated by investigator. The cause.
Dependant variable (DV)
Variable investigator measures to determine the effect of IV.
Nominal
Has categories, counts things (24 A’s, 6 B’s, 3 C’s)
Ordinal
Has an order, ranks things (A>B>C)
Interval
Has equal intervals between adjacent units, measures between different things (A-B=B-C)
Ratio
Has an absolute 0 point, measures ratios (twice as much, three times less) (temp, height, weight)
Most used measurement scale
Interval. Better for calculations.
Discrete
No middle ground (married/unmarried)
Continuous
Values in between. Percentages.
Real limits
Values that are above and below the recorded value by 1/2 smallest unit of measurement used
Frequency distribution
Rep values of the variable & their frequency of occurrence
Relative freq
Proportion of the total number of scores in each interval. F(x)=f(x)/n (percentage)
Cumulative freq
Number of scores that fall below the upper real limit of each interval.
Cumulative percentage
Last entry is 100.
