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test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the nine

regions of the face?

A

(1)Forehead (2)Temples
(3)Orbital area (4)External
nose (5) Zygomatic area
(6)Mouth and lips, (7)Cheeks
(8)Chin (9)External ear

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2
Q

What is the area of
color change around
the border of the lips?

A

Vermillion border

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3
Q

What types of tissue

cover the oral cavity

A

Mucous membrane

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4
Q

What are the two
regions of the oral
cavity?

A 
Vestibule: space between teeth
and inner mucosal lining of lips &
cheeks
Oral cavity proper: Space ont he
tongue side within lower and
upper dental arches
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5
Q 
What is the name of the
structure that passes from the
oral mucosa to the facial
midline of the mandibular
arch?
A

Mandibular labial

frenum

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6
Q

What is another
anatomical term for
the gums?

A

Gingiva

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7
Q

What is another term
for unattached
gingiva?

A

Marginal gingiva or

Free gingiva

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8
Q

What is another term
for interdental
gingiva?

A

Interdental papillae

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9
Q

What is the pear
shaped pad of tissue
behind the maxillary
incisors?

A

Incisive papilla

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10
Q

What is the hanging
projection of tissue at
the border of the soft
palate?

A

Uvula

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11
Q

What is the term for
upper surface of the
tongue?

A

Dorsum

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12
Q 
What is the thin fold of
mucous membrane that
extends from the floor of
your mouth to the underside
of your tongue?
A

Lingual frenum

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13
Q

tongue tied

A

extremely short lingual frenum

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14
Q

Dentition

A

the general arrangement of
teeth
- set of teeth naturally in
position in the dental arches

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15
Q

primary dentition

A

20 deciduous teeth
- 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 molars, no
premolars on deciduous dentition

  • complete deciduous dentition ususally
    btw 2 1/2 to 5 3/4 years
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16
Q

Primary teeth erupt?

A

erupt begins around 6 month and

replaced by permanent teeth

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17
Q

complete deciduous dentition usually?

A

btw 2 1/2 to 5 3/4 years

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18
Q

secondary dentition

A 
32 permanent teeth
- replace primary dentition
- called permanent dentition
- # of teeth may vary for individuals due
to genetics, disease, etc
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19
Q

arches

A

Maxillary and Mandibular

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20
Q

midline (median line)

A

imaginary line goes down

median part of face

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21
Q

quadrant

A
  • quadrant 1; maxillary right
  • quadrant 2; maxillary left
  • quadrant 3; mandibular left
  • quadrant 4; mandibular right
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22
Q

sextant

A

dividing arch into 3 sections;

- total 6 sextants for oral cavity

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23
Q

How are sextants numbered

A

numbered 1-6 starting from
maxillary right and ending on
mandibular right

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24
Q

mixed dentition

A

contains primary and permanent teeth

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25
Q

mixed dentition age

A

5 3/4- 12 yrs

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26
Q

universal system

A

uses number 1-32 for permanent teeth

- uses letter A -T for primary/deciduous teeth

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27
Q

palmer notation system

A

oral cavity divided into 4 quadrants

- teeth in each quad are labeled 1-8

28
Q

federation dentaire

internationale (FDI) system

A

every tooth is coded with 2 digit number

  • each quad is numbered 1-4
  • teeth are numbered 1-8 (similar to palmer)
29
Q

FDI wisdom teeth identification

A

1-8, 2-8, 3-8, 4-8

30
Q

succedaneous teeth

A

permanent teeth that replace
or succeed the deciduous
teeth

31
Q

nonsuccedaneous teeth

A 
permanent molars (1st, 2nd,
3rd)
- do not have predecessors,
do not succeed or replace
deciduous molars
32
Q 
name different arches. how
many teeth are present in
primary arch and how many
in secondary mandibular
arch?
A 
maxillary arch: upper jaw;
mandibular arch: lower jaw
- 10 teeth in each arch in
primary/deciduous
- 16 teeth in secondary/
permanent mandibular arch
33
Q

how many dentitions are

there?

A

3
Primary
secondary
mixed

34
Q

list number of different

quadrants

A 
4 total quadrant
- quadrant 1: permant maxillary right
quadrant 2: permanent maxillary left
quadrant 3; permanent mandibular left
quadrant 4: permanent mandibular right
35
Q

are any primary teeth

succedaneous?

A 
NO, only a permanet tooth can be
a succedaneous tooth because by
definition a succedaneous tooth is
a permanent tooth that secceeds
or replace a deciduous tooth
36
Q

name all nonsuccedaneous

permanent teeth

A

1st, 2nd, 3rd molars in

permanent teeth

37
Q

are secondary molars

nonsuccedaneous?

A

yes

38
Q

dentition composed of
both primary and secondary
teeth is called a dentition

A

MIXED dentition

39
Q

Dental Caries

A
  • an infectious microbiologic disease of the
    teeth that results in localized dissolution and
    destruction of the calcified tissues.
    *a destructive process causing delcalification
    of the tooth enamel and leading to
    continued destruction of enamel and dentin,
    and cavitation of the tooth.
40
Q

caries is a multi-factorial disease,

consisting of 3 components:

A
  • dietary sucrose
  • susceptible host
  • cariogene /bacteria
41
Q

Susceptible Host

A 
teeth present in mouth
-areas for plaque to accumulate and
stagnant
-poor restoration margins
-calculus
-low availability of fluoride
42
Q

Cariogenic

A

organisms that cause caries
200-300 species of bacteria, yeast, and
protozoa are indigenous to mouth

43
Q

2 bacterial groups associated with

dental caries:

A

mutans streptococci

lactobacilli

44
Q

characteristics of the 2 bacterial groups groups that
enables them to survive in the oral
cavity and promote dental caries:

A

acidogenic

aciduric

45
Q

acidogenic

A

produce acid (lactic acid) from sugar

46
Q

aciduric

A

can survive in acidic environment

47
Q

enamel demineralizes at a PH of between

A

5 - 5.5

48
Q

Acquired Pellicle Formation

A

a cellular, nonmineralized, layer that
forms on teeth from salivary
glycoproteins immediately after teeth
are cleaned

49
Q

Caries detection

A

implies finding a sign of the disease, this

is the first step in the diagnosis process

50
Q

caries diagnosis

A

implies determining whether lesions are
present, how severe lesion are, active or
arrested, and if they are preventive or
restorative treatment

51
Q

Traditional Caries Diagnosis

A
  1. Visual
  2. Tactile
  3. Radiographs
52
Q

Radiographs

A

-bitewing radiographs used primarily to
diagnose caries for posterior teeth
-periapical radiographs used primarily
to diagnose caries for anterior teeth

53
Q

what are the signs of incipient (early)

lesions?

A

-white spots on teeth when dry
-dull, flat, opaque, or etched
appearance of enamel, but it feels
smooth to the explorer

54
Q

Early Childhood Caries

A

**aka nursing caries, nursing bottle syndrome, or baby
bottle caries
results from infants’ and young children’s prolonged use
of the baby bottle filled with sweetened juices or milk
commonly affects maxillary anterior teeth, particularly
facial surfaces
mandibular teeth can be protected by the tongue
associated with high levels of S mutans {presumably
transmitted by the mother}

55
Q

Dental Fluorosis

A

Etiology: caused by a child receiving too much fluoride during tooth development {between 1 and 4
years old}

56
Q

Prevention

A

-oral hygiene is the primary prevention against dental
caries
-this consists of personal proper care brushing at least
twice a day and flossing daily and professional regular
care dental examination and cleaning, at least once a
year
-diet: often high in carbs
-artificial saliva: helps wash away debris
-good oral hygiene: lowers acid potential
-topical fluroide: strengthens tooth structure

57
Q

Man has _____ dentinitions,

and ____ dentition periods

A

Man has 2 dentitions, but 3
dentition periods, since the
decidious and permanent
dentition periods overlap

58
Q

Primary Dentition Period:
Occurs from ___ to _____
Ends when and why

A 
Period of tooth development where
there are only primary teeth in the
mouth
Occurs from 6 months to 6 years of age
Ends around 6 yrs. old with the eruption
of the mandibular first molar
59
Q

All decididous teeth
normally erupt by _____
And their roots are formed
within _____

A

Decidious teeth erupt by 2
years (24-26 months)
Their roots are completed a
year after eruption

60
Q

Permanent teeth erupt
between ___ and __ yrs.
Their roots are completed
within _____

A

Permanent teeth erupt
between 6 and 21 years
Their roots are completed 2-
3 years after eruption

61
Q 
Mixed Dentition
Both what and what are
present
Lasts from when to when
Ends \_\_\_\_ and what begins \_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Mixed dentition is when both decidous and
permanent teeth are present
Lasts from 6-12 years of age
Ends with the exfoliation of the last decidious tooth,

62
Q

Permanent Dentition Period

Begins when and ends when

A 
Period when only permanent teeth
are present
Begins with exfoliation of last
decidous tooth, around 12 years of
age, and ends with the end of life
63
Q

Permanent teeth that
replace exfoliated decidous
teeth are known as

A

Succedaneous Teeth

64
Q

Since their are 20 decidous
teeth, there must be _______
succedaneous teeth

A

20 succedaneous teeth

65
Q

The permanent teeth that
are also succedaneous
teeth are _______

A 
The incisors and canines,
which replace their decidous
counterparts, and the
premolars, which replace the
decidous molars
66
Q

The only permanent teeth
that are not succedaneous
are _____

A 
The permanent molars
All succedaneous teeth are
permanent teeth, but not all
permanent teeth are
succedaneous teeth
67
Q

first succedaneous tooth to erupt is the?

A

Maxillary central incisor

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