TEST #1 Flashcards
Labanotation
Sophisticated system of notation dance and movement developed by Rudolf von Laban in the 20th century.
Terpsichore
One of the nine Muses the Greeks considered dance to be watched over by.
Apollo
Greek god that was the patron of music, poetry, philosophy and healing. Also associated with light: symbolically, the light of intellect that drives away barbarism. Apollonian: art that is noted for its seren majesty and formal balance
Dionysus
Greek god of fertility, wine and dance. His divine powers could induce both cheerful merriment and wildness, and many of his worshipers were known to break loose into riotous dances. Dionysiac: art that is emotionally unrestrained or ecstatic
Academie de Musique et de la Poesie
Organization founded in 1570 by the poet Jean-Antoine de Baif and the composer Thibault de Courville. Wanted to revive poetry, music, and dance of the ancient world. Used their knowledge of Greek/Roman history to envision the theatre as a composite art form uniting the separate disciplines of poetry, music, dance, and stage design.
Academie Royale de Danse
Founded in 1661 by Louis XIV. Was an association of teachers who were given quarters in the Louvre but met in a nearby inn. It’s establishment was a sign that official recognition was being given to dance.
Academie Royale de Musique
Founded in 1669 by Louis XIV. Survives today as the Paris Opera. Considered the world’s oldest dance company. Inaugural production was the opera Pomone, staged in 1671 in a converted tennis court.
Orchesographie
Dance manual written by Thoinot Arbeau (pseudonym for the French Priest Jehan Tabourot) in 1588. Consists of dialogues between Arbeau and his pupil Capriol. Discusses several popular dances as well as military marching, flute, drum playing, seemly behavior, and proper grooming.
Ballet a Entree
a series of independent scenes ranging from the serious to the fantastical, linked together by a broad general theme. The episodic construction of these ballets made possible works that could be as simple/lavish as circumstances required and contained a wide variety of characters.
Ballet Comique de La Reine
Commissioned by Catherine de Medici for a wedding. Choreographed by Balthasar de Beaujoyeulx (known in Italy as Baldassarino da Belgiojoso). Ballet was originally called Ballet Comique de la Royne. Most important early attempt to create an extended choreographic spectacle. No stage was used. Contained recitations and songs with music along with dancing.
Nobilita di Dame
written by Fabritio Caros in 1600. Considered an invaluable document because it contains examples of completely choreographed dances. It offered etiquette and various social situations.
Tonnelet
wide hooped skirt of midthigh length. Served as the standard costume for male dancers into the 18th century
Pierre Beauchamps
Foremost dancing master of the era. One of the highest paid servants of Louis XIV. Developed the five positions of the feet. Turnout was introduced as an adaptation of the fencer’s stance.
What are the 4 ritual elements found in dance?
1) sounds
2) body decorations
3) setting
4) fire
Sounds found in Ritual Dance
Drums, clapping, body percussion, chanting, grunts, vocals, instruments.
Body decorations found in Ritual Dance
paint, jewelry, tattoos, feathers, costumes
Setting of the Ritual Dance
depended upon the type of ritual.
Fire found in Ritual Dance
represented fire and power, also served as light for nighttime rituals.
Louis XIV, his reign, and how he changed the arts and dance
Known as the Sun King.
Established the Academie Royale de Musique.
Said that art and life are hand in hand.
Used Greek mythology to advocate women’s dancing.
Brought together some of the finest artists of his time.
How do we know about dance before there was a written history/video??
Sculptures, stories, cave drawings
definition of a ritual
a traditional cluster of actions used to cast powerful magic spells to placate and influence gods and spirits
Reasons for Ritual Dance
Banish evil/ask favors of gods, before hunt and before battle to bring luck, to bring rain, celebrate harvest, times of birth, puberty, marriage and death, and fun!
types of rituals
fertility, initiation, war/weapon, healing/funeral, super natural/religions
The 1st Dancing Masters
Were from Italy in the 1400’s
Piacenza worked with nobility to teach them dance steps.
Describe dance in the Renaissance Era
Ornate, polished versions of Ballroom dances. These were incorporated into ballets later on. Only the Upperclass could learn such dances and was taught at an early age
Development of the Barre
As steps grew increasingly intricate, dance masters would recommend having their pupils hang on to the backs of chairs or tightly stretched rope for support.
Influence of the ballroom setting on choreography
Audience sat above the performers. Led to the use of patterns and design for telling stories. Metaphor and allegory often formed in shapes
What ancient civilization had the greatest influence and why?
Greece. Believed that dance was divinely inspired. Relationship with gods. Played into their everyday life.
The influence on the proscenium theater on choreography
Greatest change in 17th century. Development gave separation to the dance from the audience which promoted professionalism. Focused on the individual rather than patterns/formations. Turnout became important because it forced the dancers to face one direction.
Reasons for studying dance
Knowledge and respect.
The past shapes today.
Insights into the creative process
Similar and different from the past
Awareness of how people express themselves differently
History of politics, fashion and economics,
Dance history is tied to history of art, drama, and music.
Influence of the Roman Empire on the arts
Poetry and dance became separated because of the language barrier, so pantomime was created. Dance took on a more powerful/warlike/crude nature. Architecture and politics were also influenced.
Influence of Medieval guilds on dance
Members of a specific profession that sponsored entertainment (protected their rights). Held festivals
,processionals, social dances, and performance dances. Artists loved the subject of dance.
3 categories of dance intent
Social- please yourself
Ritualistic- please the gods
Theatrical- please the others
The development of dance in France during the Renaissance
It was brought from Italy. IT was respected by the clergy and royalty. Admiration of fine manners. Encouraged by the Jesuit order.
