TEST #1

Question 1

Define Oceanography

Answer 1

Study of the marine environment and its interactions with earth, the biosphere, and atmosphere.

Question 2

Name the FOUR subdisciplines of Oceanography

Answer 2

Physical, geological, chemical,biological

Question 3

Name FIVE important aspects of the Ocean

Answer 3

1. ) Lifeblood of the planet
2. ) Most Oxygen comes from the oceans
3. ) Supplies living and non-living resources
4. ) Provides Social/economic goods and services
5. ) regulates Earths system and temperature

Question 4

Name the two Ocean Origin Theories

Answer 4

Volcanism(Volcanoes) and SpaZce

Question 5

Define Crust

Answer 5

lithosphere +Atmosphere

Question 6

What two crusts make up the lithosphere?

Answer 6

continental and Oceanic

Question 7

What are the differences between Oceanic and Continental crust?

Answer 7

Oceanic Continental

• thinner -Thicker
• more dense -Less Dense
• not as old -Older
• less silica -silica rich

Question 8

What is Plate Tectonics

Answer 8

a theory describing the large scale motions of Earths lithosphere

Question 9

Who came up with the Pangea theory?

Answer 9

Alfred Wegner in 1915

Question 10

Name the FOUR Pangea proofs

Answer 10

1. ) Tropical fossils in cold climates and glaciers in hot environments
2. )Similarities in mountain belts
3. )Fossil evidence
4. )Age of the ocean floor

Question 11

Define Convection

Answer 11

Movement within a fluid caused by tendency of hotter, less dense, material to rise, and colder, denser, material to sink under the influence of gravity

Question 12

Name the THREE Plate Boundaries

Answer 12

1. ) Convergent (plates collide)
2. ) Divergent (plates separate)
3. )Transform (plates slide past each other)

Question 13

What combinations cause convergent boundaries?

Answer 13

Oceanic/oceanic
Oceanic/continental
Continental/continental

Question 14

What does the Oceanic/ Oceanic combo of convergent boundaries cause?

Answer 14

Trenches, Island arcs, Earthquakes, and volcanoes

Question 15

What is the deepest point on Earth?

Answer 15

Mariana Trench

Question 16

What does the Oceanic/Continental combo of convergent boundaries cause?

Answer 16

Trenches, Mountain ranges, Earthquakes, and volcanoes

Question 17

What is a Subduction Zone?

Answer 17

One tectonic plate sinks into the mantle underneath the other

Occurs at convergent boundaries; one plate is oceanic

Question 18

What doe the Continental/Continental combo of convergent boundaries cause?

Answer 18

Forms mountains, causes earthquakes

Question 19

What two plates are involved in Divergent Boundaries?

Answer 19

Oceanic and Continental

Question 20

Oceanic Divergence Causes….

Answer 20

> Mid Ocean Ridges
Volcanoes
New Crust

Question 21

Seafloor Spreading occurs at….

Answer 21

Mid-Ocean ridges where new crust is forming

Question 22

How is crust created?

Answer 22

as intruding magma plates move apart

Question 23

What do Transform Boundaries cause?

Answer 23

Severe, shallow earthquakes

Question 24

Define a Hot Spot

Answer 24

parts of Earths upper mantle melt upward through crust, forming a volcanic feature

Question 25

Marine provinces are…

Answer 25

Areas with unique topographical features in the ocean

Question 26

The three major provinces are

Answer 26

Continental Margins, Ocean Floor, Mid-Ocean Ridges

Question 27

Define Bathymetry

Answer 27

Study, mapping, and measurement of seafloor topography

Question 28

Name the three tools/methods used in Bathymetry

Answer 28

1. ) Depth Soundings
2. ) Echo sounding
3. ) Satellites

Question 29

Briefly describe Depth Sounding

Answer 29

Pre-measured weighted rope/cable lowered over a ships side, measuring one point at a time with low resolution

Question 30

Briefly describe Echo Sounding

Answer 30

A type of SONAR with single or multibeam. Uses the reflection of sound signal to determine depth.