Test 1

Question 1

projection of Earth’s equator onto the sky

Answer 1

celestial equator

Question 2

annual path of sun in the sky

Answer 2

ecliptic

Question 3

points directly above the observer

Answer 3

zenith

Question 4

opposite of zenith (directly below)

Answer 4

nadir

Question 5

latitude where the Sun appears at zenith at noon on first day of SUMMER

Answer 5

tropic of cancer

Question 6

where the sun passes through zenith on first day of WINTER

Answer 6

tropic of capricorn

Question 7

where the sun’s path crosses celestial equator, when day and night are ~ equal length

Answer 7

equinox

Question 8

earth centered

Answer 8

geocentric

Question 9

sun centered

Answer 9

heliocentric

Question 10

stars & earth move ____ to _____

Answer 10

east to west

Question 11

first day of summer, around June 21st

Answer 11

summer solstice

Question 12

circle running from one pole to the other, passes thru zenith

Answer 12

meridian

Question 13

meridian passing thru Greenwich, England

Answer 13

prime meridian

Question 14

first day of winter, around Dec 21st

Answer 14

winter solstice

Question 15

where the sun’s path crosses the celestial equator

Answer 15

vernal equinox

Question 16

the sun rises when it reaches the _____ _______, around March 20th

Answer 16

vernal equinox

Question 17

the sun sets when it reaches the ____ _______

Answer 17

autumnal equinox

Question 18

measured in degrees north & south (latitude)

Answer 18

declination

Question 19

measured in time, east to west (longitude)

Answer 19

right ascension

Question 20

number of degrees from north

Answer 20

azimuth

Question 21

angular elevation up to 90°

Answer 21

altitude

Question 22

where the dome meets the earth

Answer 22

horizon

Question 23

______ discovered retrograde motion of planets and created a geometric representation that predicted positions of the planets

Answer 23

Ptolemy

Question 24

plot or graph in figure eight shape that shows the position of the sun at a given time

Answer 24

analemma

Question 25

the analemma is also known as the ______ __ ____

Answer 25

equation of time

Question 26

______ discovered that Jupiter has revolving moons which casted doubt on geocentrism

Answer 26

Galileo

Question 27

_________ discovered the first fairly accurate determination of Earth’s diameter

Answer 27

Eratosthenes

Question 28

____ created a record of the positions of the sun, moon, and planets based on the work of Ptolemy

Answer 28

Brahe

Question 29

______ found a theory about planetary motion by using Brahe’s data, assistant to Brahe

Answer 29

Kepler

Question 30

____’s FIRST law is that the planets’ orbits are in the shape of an ellipse

Answer 30

Kepler’s

Question 31

planets speed up when they come closer to the sun and slow down when they move away from the sun

Answer 31

Kepler’s SECOND law

Question 32

the amount of time a planet takes to orbit the sun is directly related to how far the planet is from the sun

Answer 32

Kepler’s THIRD law

Question 33

______ discovered that all celestial bodies had an attraction to each other called gravity

Answer 33

Newton

Question 34

the _____ _______ is when the sun is at the highest point in the sky

Answer 34

summer solstice

Question 35

measuring relative to the SUN

Answer 35

solar

Question 36

measuring relative to the STARS

Answer 36

sidereal

Question 37

solar days are longer than sidereal days by __ minutes

Answer 37

4

Question 38

Earth’s axis of rotation wobbles in space and makes a complete revolution every 25,800 years

Answer 38

precession

Question 38

_________ formulated a model of the universe with the SUN at the center

Answer 38

Copernicus