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Dental Materials > Test #1- 1 > Flashcards

Test #1- 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are qualities of metal

A

-high thermal electrical conductivity
-ductility
-opacity
-luster
*atoms in regular or crystalline arrangement
high atomic bond strength

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2
Q

What are qualities of a crystalline arrangement

A

liquid to solid

3 spatial dimensions

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3
Q

What are qualities of Ceramics/Porcelain

A

very brittle, high melting point, low thermal and electrical conductivity, not very chemically active

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4
Q

What are ceramics/porcelain a combination of

A

kaolin, feldspar, quartz

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5
Q

Molded without chemical reaction taking place; change takes place with temperature changes

A

thermoplastic- dental polymers

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6
Q

a chemical change that takes place during molding

A

thermosetting

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7
Q

a small organic molecule that can be bound to similar molecules to form a polymer

A

monomer

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8
Q

material composed of many repeating units called monomers

A

polymer

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9
Q

plastics are

A

synthetic

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10
Q

rubber is

A

natural

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11
Q

polymerization is

A

the conversion of low molecular weight compounds (monomers) to high molecular weight compounds (polymers)

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12
Q

what contains 2 or more different monomers

A

copolymer

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13
Q

what is a cross-linking agent

A

network of adjacent polymer chains, makes polymer stronger

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14
Q

what is a composite

A

*dimethacrylic acid polymer

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15
Q

What material is heavily filled and used for direct restorations, veneers, inlays cementation, and sealants

A

composite

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16
Q

more fillers =?

A

increased strength

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17
Q

what is the galvanic response

A

coupling of 2 dissimilar metals

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18
Q

what is thermal conductivity

A

rate at which heat flows through a material

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19
Q

what is solubility

A

ability to dissolve in liquid

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20
Q

what is the liquid a substance dissolves in

A

solvent*

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21
Q

what is the uptake of fluids into a solid

A

sorbtion/absorbtion

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22
Q

when is sorbtion detrimental

A

when restorations or cement deteriorate

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23
Q

What is the primary result of molecular interaction

A

result of from chemical bond

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24
Q

what are primary molecular interactions based on

A

polyacrylic acid

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25
Q

what is the secondary molecular interaction

A

physical forces with no chemical union

*most common

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26
Q

*what is the wetting angle

A

angle measured through the liquid at which a liquid interface meets a solid surface
(how well a liquid covers the surface of a solid)

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27
Q

what does it mean when there is a high contact angle

A

less of the surface is covered, hydrophobic, less wetting

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28
Q

what contact angle does a good adhesive have

A

one that approaches zero

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29
Q

low contact angle=

A

hydrophilic, more wetting

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30
Q

what are some examples of material with a lower wetting angle

A
  • impressions

- bonding agent

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31
Q

what is disintegration

A
  • breaking up of a solid

- end process of fluid and material interactions

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32
Q

what is adhesion

A

attaching two solids together

33
Q

what is the force of attraction between molecules or atoms on two different surfaces

A

adhesion

34
Q

What are tensile forces on an object

A

forces are directed away from each other (stretched or elongated)

35
Q

What is the ability of a material to resist pulling

A

tensile strength

36
Q

what is the resistance in the material to the external force or ability to resist pushing

A

compressive

37
Q

what is shear

A

ability to resist tearing forces directed parallel to eachother

38
Q

what force is when one portion of a structure is forced to slid by another portion

A

shear

39
Q

was the is the elastic limit

A
  • measures the stiffness of a material

- maximum stress with out permanent deformation

40
Q

what is AKA a proportional limit

A

elastic limit

41
Q

compression=

A

denting

42
Q

tension=

A

stretching

43
Q

shearing=

A

bending

44
Q

Torsion=

A

twisting

45
Q

What is ultimate strength

A

point just before fractures

46
Q

what is ductility

A

ability to be drawn into a wire

47
Q

ductility=

low ductility=

A

elongation

brittleness

48
Q

malleability

A

ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without fracture (compression)

49
Q

Resilience

A

energy necessary to cause permanent deformation

50
Q

toughness

A

ability of material to resist fracture

51
Q

creep

A

gradual permanent change in dimension that occurs in an object due to constant loading, (flow after set, amalgam)

52
Q

viscosity

A

ability of a material to flow

53
Q

thixotropic

A

some materials have high viscosity but change with pressure (mixing, impression material)

54
Q

What is Rockwell hardness (RHN)

A

depth of an indentation made with a steel ball, composites

55
Q

what is knop harness (KHN)

A

measuring the length of a diagonal made with a diamond indenter (metals and porcelain)

56
Q

Fatigue is created by

A

repeated application of stress to an object causing tiny cracks to be generated within the structure until failure occurs

57
Q

*stress =

A

force applied to specific area

58
Q

What are mouthguards made of

A

semirigid but soft plastics (resins)

59
Q

these are made of thin sheets of material that are thermoplastic (soft molded) then becomes rigid and holds shape

A

mouthguard

60
Q

what are splints used for

A

to distribute biting or grinding forces to prevent injury to teeth, alveolar bone or TMJ

61
Q

what is a periodontal splint

A

used to transfer forces to adjacent teeth allowing compromised tooth support

62
Q

what are perio splints made of

A

wire, mesh, metal or plastic

63
Q

do applicable self test and crosswords about bleaching to prep for exam

A

-

64
Q

what is designed to be placed on a tooth for a limited time to maintain integrity and function of dentition

A

temporary restoration

65
Q

what materials are used for temp restoration

A

acrylic, composite, synthetic resins, ZOE

66
Q

What do we have to be careful with, with acrylic resin temp restorations

A

they are exothermic and could damage pulp and surrounding tissue

67
Q

what are examples of synthetic resins

A

acrylic, polymers, plastics

68
Q

in acrylic resins what is added to the heat monomer and polymerization initiator to create a resin

A

methacrylic acid

69
Q

what are some examples of acrylic resins

A

sealants, direct restorations, inlays, denture teeth, denture base and saddle, ortho appliances

70
Q

what is a resin

A

a class of solid or soft organic compounds of natural or synthetic origin, high molecular weight most are polymers

71
Q

what are examples of resins

A

polyvinyl, polyethylene, polystyrene

72
Q

what is a synthetic

A

made my chemical synthesis, combining elements into a whole

73
Q

what does ZOE consist of

A

zinc oxide particles, additives, eugenol

74
Q

__________ is acidic and can irritate pulp, but also stimulates secondary dentin which insulates pulp

A

Eugenol

75
Q

ZOE cant be used under what*

A

composite materials, inhibits polymerization

76
Q

what as been used as a liner under amalgam restoration

A

ZOE

77
Q

what is added to ZOE to increase strength

A

acrylic fillers

78
Q

ZOE qualities:

A

soluble in oral fluids
poor compressive strength
porous

79
Q

what does the sedative effect of ZOE determine

A

if a tooth is likely to respond well to permanent restorative efforts

Dental Materials (6 decks)

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