Test 01 Flashcards
Retinal is the chemical name for
Vitamin A
Name the 2 classifications of vitamins and the vitamins in each.
Water Soluble: B complex & C
Fat Soluble: A,D,E, and K
A _________ is a substance the body can convert into a vitamin
Provitamins
_____________ helps to prevent nightblindness
Vitamin A
_____________ is known as the sunshine vitamin
Vitamin D
In the body Vitamin E functions mainly as a _________________, a substance in foods that significantly reduces the harmful effects of oxygen on normal body functions.
Dietary Antioxidant
If the body does not get enough vitamin D the body will not be able to is __________ & _____________ as it should.
Calcium & Phosphorous
What is the main source of Vitamin D? Main food source?
Sun & milk
Vitamin K is known as the ________________ vitamin.
Blood clotting
Chemical name for Vitamin C is
Ascorbic Acid
Give two functions of Vitamin C in the body.
- Heal wounds and mend broken bones
2. Helps body fight infection
Name the 3 major B vitamins.
- Thiamin
- Niacin
- Riboflavin
__________ are inorganic substances that make-up 4% of your body.
Minerals
Minerals become part of ______,_______, & ________ in the body.
Bones, tissues, and fluids
Define Macrominerals & name at least 2.
Minerals needed in the diet in amounts of 100 or more milligrams each day. Calcium & Phosphorus
Define Microminerals. Name at least 2.
Amounts needed in less than 100 milligrams per day. Iron & Flourine &Zinc
The body contains more _______ than any other mineral
Calcium
Where is excess calcium stored?
Long bones
Name at least 2 functions of Calcium.
- Combines with Phosphorus to build and strengthen bones & teeth
- Helps blood clot
Vitamin D affects the body’s ability to use
Calcium
Define osteoporosis
Bone mass naturally decreases & it’s further weakened by the draw on their calcium and becomes porous and brittle. Cannot be corrected.
Food Sources of Calcium
Milk & Milk Products & Leafy Green Veggies
Functions of Phosphorus
- builds strong bones & teeth
- aids in storing and releasing energy
- helps body use other nutrients
Name the 3 minerals that work together to control osmosis.
- Sodium
- Chlorine
- Potassium
Define edema
Body cannot get rid of sodium and fluids build up resulting in swelling
__________ is a protein pigment found in red blood cells.
Hemoglobin
What is goiter?
Enlargement of thyroid gland because of not enough iodine in diet
Where does the body get Fluorine?
Drinking Water & toothpaste
List functions of water
- regulate body temp.
- aids in digestion
- cell growth
- maintenance
- all chemical reactions rely on water
How do you get water
Foods you eat
Drinks you drink
Body releasing energy from Carbs and Fats and Proteins
Define digestion and absorption.
Digestion- breaking down of food
Absorption- taking nutrients into the body
2 ways mouth aids in digestion
Saliva & chewing
Which food is digested slowest?
Fats
Define basal metabolism
Amount of energy needed to stay alive & carry out vital functions
