Terrorism Flashcards
Three categories of terrorist group
Nationalists (independence of homeland)
Religious (Al Qaeda, ISIS)
Single-issue (XRW, animal rights)
Catalyst for ME terrorism
Formation of Israel and Western support for it and latterly Western influence across ME outside of Israel
Nov 1947
UN divides Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states.
11/47 = Dad Rock
May 1948
British troops withdrawn from Palestine and modern Israel proclaimed as an independent state
5/48 = Law Roof
1948-49
Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt and Iraq went to war with Israel. Israel won and expanded its borders
48-49 = Roof Robe
1956
Israel, supported by Britain and France, attempts to retake the Suez Canal after Egypt’s Nasser nationalises it. A humiliating climbdown ensues after pressure from the US, USSR and UN.
56 = Leach
1960s themes
The Arab world are frustrated by their inability to defeat Israel militarily leading to the formation of numerous terrorist groups based on the Palestinian demand for their own homeland. Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) were two prominent ones. Infighting prevented them presenting a united front against Israel.
60s = Cheese
1967
Six day war saw defeat for Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Iraq by Israel and further expansion of Israel’s borders into the West Bank
67 = Shake
Sep 1972
Black September, a new Palestinian group, took 11 Israeli athletes hostage during the Munich Olympics. 9 died during an unsuccessful rescue attempt by the Germans
9/72 = Bee Can
1973-4
Yom-Kippur war fought against Egypt, Syria and Iraq began with defeats for Israel when they were caught off-guard and ended in an operational victory for Israel but with a heavy cost. It established that Israel could not assume it would always defeat the Arab states military and set the conditions for future peace talks.
73-74 = Comb Car
27 Jun 1976
Mixed group of Baader-Meinhof gang (German anarchists) and the PFLP seized an Air France plane of mainly Jewish passengers and forced it to fly to Entebbe, Uganda
27/6/76 = Neck Shoe Cash
1979
USSR supports Afghanistan’s unpopular communist government. Western governments begin to covertly assist the Afghan rebels
79 = Cab
4 Nov 1979
US Embassy in Tehran seized by “students”. Delta Force launched a catastrophic rescue attempt
4/11/79 = Ray Dad Cab
30 Apr 1980
Iranian embassy in London seized by terrorists. After the death of a hostage the SAS conduct a successful rescue mission.
30/4/80 = Mouse Ray Face
21 Dec 1988
A bomb is detonated on Pan Am Flight 103 above Lockerbie, killing all 259 passengers and crew and 11 people on the ground. Later proven to be a case of Libyan state sponsored terrorism.
21/12/88 = Net Tan Woof Woof
1989
USSR begins withdrawal from Afghanistan leaving a power vacuum and seriously weakening the USSR.
89 = FBI
26 Feb 93
Car bomb attack on the World Trade Centre kills six and injures more than 1,000. This was the first significant terrorist attack on the US homeland.
26/2/93 = Nosh Noah Bum
20 Mar 95
Aum Shinri’Kyu cult release Sarin gas on the Tokyo underground. This was the first reported terrorist attack using WMD in this manner.
20/3/95 = Nose Ma Bowl
1995
The Taliban takeover Kabul and most of Afghanistan. Terrorist training camps flourish and attract Muslims from around the world.
95 = Bowl
7 Aug 98
Bombs outside the US Embassies in Nairobi and Tanzania detonate almost simultaneously. 213 are killed in Nairobi and 11 in Tanzania. Osama Bin Laden is blamed by the US who launch cruise missile strikes against training camps in Afghanistan.
7/8/98 = Key UFO Beef
12 Oct 00
Al Qaeda launch a suicide attack on the USS Cole in Aden, Yemen killing 17 US Sailors. This demonstrated AQ’s ability to launch innovative attacks.
12/10/00 = Tan Toes Sauce
11 Sep 01
Al Qaeda demonstrate their ability to launch another new style of attack.
9/11
7 Oct 01
US air bombing campaign against Afghanistan begins
7/10/01 = Key Toes Soda
Nov 01
US force supporting Afghan militias invade Afghanistan
11/01 = Dad Soda
Dec 01
Taliban forced out of power throughout Afghanistan
Richard Reid (UK citizen) arrested in the US after a failed terrorist attack on a transatlantic flight. He had concealed an IED in his shoe.
12/01 = Tan Soda
2002
The US begins to make claims about Iraq’s WMDs, supported by the UK.
02 = Sin
12 Oct 02
Two explosions in Bali kill over 180, including many Australian tourists. Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamic terrorist group, claim responsibility. Osama Bin Laden claims this attack was aimed at Australia because of its support for the conflict in Afghanistan.
12/10/02 = Tan Toes Sin
23 Oct 02
Chechen terrorists storm a Moscow theatre taking over 700 hostage. A disastrous rescue attempt results in the death of 115.
23/10/02 = Gnome Toes Sin
19 Mar 03
Coalition air campaign begins against Iraq
19/3/03 = Dope Ma Swim
20-21 Mar 03
Coalition ground forces cross the border into Iraq
20-21/3/03 = Nose Net Ma Swim
1 May 03
President Bush declares “major military operations” in Iraq over
1/5/03 = Tie Law Swim
11 Mar 04
Madrid bombing - four bombs explode on trains killing over 200. ETA initially blamed, then Al-Qaeda. The Spanish government’s poor response was a major reason it was later voted out of office.
11/3/04 = Dad Ma Sir
1 Sep 04
40 Chechen terrorists seize a school in Beslan, Russia. Following a confused rescue attempt, over 350 children and teachers are killed.
1/9/04 = Tie Bee Sir
7 Jul 05
7/7 London bombings at Kings cross, Edgeware Road and Aldgate c. 0850 followed by a bus at Tavistock Square less than an hour later. All suicide attacks by British Muslims.
21 Jul 05
Terrorists attempt to detonate four more rucksack bombs in London. Small explosions occurred at Shepherd’s Bush, Oval, Warren Street and on a bus at Hackney Road. In each case the detonator is believed to have failed to initiate the main charge.
21/7/05 = Net Key Seal
2006
Lebanon war. Conflict begins with Hezbollah militants firing rockets at Israeli border towns as a diversion for an anti-tank missile attack on two armoured Humvees patrolling the Israeli side of the border fence.
06 = Sash
11 Jul 06
Mumbai train bombings = seven bomb blasts taking place over 11 minutes. Mumbai police say LeT carried out the bombings.
11/7/06 = Dad Key Sash
29 Jun 07
In London two car bombs are discovered and disabled before they can be detonated near Tiger Tiger in Haymarket and Cockspur Street
29/6/07 = Nap Shoe Sock
30 Jun 07
Glasgow International Airport Attack - first terrorist attack to ever target Scotland. Involved a dark green Jeep Cherokee loaded with propane canisters being driven into the glass doors at the terminal and set ablaze
30/6/07 = Mouse Shoe Sock
27 Dec 07
Assassination of Benazir Bhutto in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. She was shot after a political rally and a suicide bomb was detonated immediately afterwards killing 23.
27/12/07 = Neck Tan Sock
7 May 08
Lebanese civil war sparked by a government move to shut down Hezbollah’s telecommunications network and remove Beirut Airport’s security chief over alleged ties to Hezbollah.
7/5/08 = Key Law Safe
17 Sep 08
US Embassy in Sana’a, Yemen attacked. Six attackers, six Yemeni police and seven civilians are killed This is the second attack in 2008 after an earlier mortar attack (18 Mar) missed the embassy and hit a nearby girls’ school. Isamic Jihad of Yemen, an Al-Qaeda affiliate has claimed responsibility.
17/9/08 = Duck Bee Safe
20 Sep 08
Isamabad Marriott Hotel bombed by a dump truck filled with explosives. 54 killed, over 266 injured.
20/9/08 = Nose Bee Safe
26-29 Nov 08
Mumbai attacks take place with more than ten coordinated shooting and bombing attacks across India’s financial capital and largest city. At least 173 killed and 308 wounded.
26-29/11/08 = Nosh Nap Dad Safe
6 Aug 09
John Brennan (Obama’s assistant for CT) announces official end of War on Terror from a military standpoint. Focus shifts to root causes - political, economic and social.
6/8/09 = Shoe UFO Soap
15 Aug 09
Suicide bomb attack on NATO HQ, Kabul. 7 killed and 91 injured.
15/8/09 = Tail UFO Soap
1 Jan 10
SVBIED attack at a volleyball match in Lakki Marwat Pakistan kills 105 and injures over 100. Incident is followed by further attacks in Pakistan throughout the year. Political violence has spilled over both the Afghan and Indian borders primarily from the Frontier Border Areas of Pakistan.
1/1/10 = Tie Tie Toes
26 Feb 10
Complex attack in the centre of Kabul involves multiple suicide bombers and gunmen killing over 100. Taliban claim responsibility for an attack highlighting the difficulties in handing over security to the Afghan Security Forces.
26/2/10 = Nosh Noah Toes
29 Mar 10
Two female Shahidka suicide bombers conduct an attack on Moscow Metrow at morning rush hour killing over 40 and wounding over 100
29/3/10 = Nap Ma Toes
23 Apr 10
A wave of bomb attacks around Anbar, Baghdad target mainly Shia Mosques during prayers, killing over 100. Al Qaeda claim responsibility for the attacks in response to the killing of three of their leaders by Iraqi security forces.
23/4/10 = Gnome Ray Toes
1 Mar 13
Kunming mass stabbing - a gang of eight knife wielding attackers left 29 people dead and many more injured at Kunming railway station in Yunnan province, south-west China. The attackers came from Xinjiang and were partially motivated by police suppressing a demonstration there against the closure of a mosque.
1/3/13 = Tie Ma Dam
15 Apr 13
Boston Marathon bombing a terrorist attack, and related shootings, that occurred when two pressure cooker bombs exploded. The suspects were identified later that day as Chechen brothers who were motivated by extremist Islamist beliefs and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. They were self-radicalized and unconnected to any outside terrorist groups.
15/4/13 = Tail Ray Dam
22 May 13
Murder of Fus Lee Rigby.
Rigby was off duty when his attackers hit him with a car before using knives and a cleaver to stab him to death in the middle of the street. The men stood by Rigby’s dead body and told passers-by that they were avenging the killing of Muslims by the British armed forces.
22/5/13 = Nun Law Dam
21 Sep 13
Westgate Mall shootings, Nairobi.
The attack resulted in at least 67 deaths, and more than 175 people were reportedly wounded in the mass shooting. The extremist Islamist group al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for the incident, which it characterised as retribution for the Kenyan military’s deployment in the group’s home country of Somalia.
21/9/13 = Net Bee Dam
14-15 Apr 14
Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping.
276 female students were kidnapped by Boko Haram.
14-15/4/14 = Deer Tail Ray Deer
16 Dec 14
Peshawar school massacre. Seven militants from the Pakistani Taliban attack an army-run school killing 141
16/12/14 = Dish Tan Deer
7 Jan 15
Charlie Hebdo shootings. 11 killed when two brothers belonging to Al-Qaeda’s Yemen branch attack Charlie Hebdo’s officers. They blamed islamophobic jokes and cartoons published by the paper.
7/1/15 = Key Tie Tail
9 Jan 15
Hyper Cacher Kosher Deli siege.
Two days after Charlie Hebdo, a single attacker targeted a kosher food shop in Paris specifically to target Jews. He had pledged allegiance to ISIS and was a close friend of the Charlie Hebdo shooters after meeting them in jail.
9/1/15 = Bee Tie Tail
28 Jun 15
Tunisia beach attack.
38 killed, 39 injured when a single gunman opened fire at tourists on a beach. ISIS claimed responsibility, the gunman was said to have trained at an ISIS camp in Libya. 30 of the victims were British.
28/6/15 = Navy Shoe Tail
10 Oct 15
Ankara bombings.
Two bombs detonated were seemingly targeted at a peace march that was protesting against the growing conflict between the Turkish Army and the separatist Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK).
Although no organization claimed responsibility for the attacks, both bombers had links to ISIL, who the Turkish government in turn placed the blame on.
10/10/15 = Toes Toes Tail
31 Oct 15
Metrojet flight 9268 was blown up by an IED on route from Egypt to Russia. 219 Russians were among the victims and ISIS’ Sinai branch claimed responsibility.
31/10/15 = Mat Toes Tail
12 Nov 15
Beirut bombings from two men wearings SVests. Killing 43 it was the largest terrorist attack in Beirut since the end of the civil war. ISIS was responsible and targeted Shia Muslims to try and divide Lebanon.
12/11/15 = Tin Dad Tail
13 Nov 15
Paris attacks. Three suicide bombers struck near the Stade de France followed by mass shootings at the Bataclan theatre and through the streets of central Paris.
130 died and the attacks were the deadliest in Europe since the Madrid train bombings. ISIS claimed responsibility saying it was in retaliation for French airstrikes in Iraq and Syria.
François Hollande, said the attacks were an act of war by ISIL planned in Syria, organised in Belgium, and perpetrated with help from citizens of France. All of the known Paris attackers were EU citizens who had fought in Syria. Some of them had returned to Europe among the flow of migrants and refugees.
13/11/15 = Dam Dad Tail
22 Dec 15
San Benardino shooting perpetrated by a US born citizen and a legal immigrant who were a case of homegrown violent extremists inspired by foreign terrorist groups.
22/12/15 = Nun Tin Tail
22 Mar 16
Brussels bombing with three coordinated nail bombings: two at Brussels Airport and one at Maalbeek metro station. 32 victims were killed. ISIS claimed responsibility for the deadliest attack in Belgium’s history. All the attackers were also involved in the 2015 Paris attack.
22/3/16 = Nun Ma Dish
16 Jun 16
Jo Cox murdered a week before the EU referendum by an XRW British man.
16/6/16 = Dish Shoe Dish
4 Jul 16
Saudi Arabia attacked by four suicide bombers suspected to be from ISIS. It is the first terrorist attack in Medina, one of Islam’s holiest cities.
4/7/17 = Ray Key Duck
14 Jul 16
Nice attack - a 19-tonne cargo truck drove into crowds celebrating Bastille Day. 86 killed and ISIS claim responsibility. A similar attack happened in Berlin later on in December.
14/7/16 = Deer Key Dish
22 Mar 17
Westminster attack - a car was driven into pedestrians, killing five and injuring 50.
The perpetrator of the attack was Khalid Masood, a 52 year-old British man who changed his name and converted to Islam in 2005. He had previously served two prison sentences; for grievious bodily harm in 2000 and for posession of an offensive weapon in 2003. MI5 knew of him but did not consider him a terrorist threat.
ISIS claimed responsibility for the attack, but this has been questioned by UK investigative authorities who believe he acted alone, although Masood is believed to have had an interest in jihad.
22/3/17 = Nun Ma Duck
22 May 17
Manchester Arena bombed by a suicide bomber. 22 killed and ISIS later claimed responsibility for the attacks though police later said they believed the attacker had acted largely alone.
22/5/17 = Nun Law Duck
3 Jun 17
London Bridge attack - three Islamist terrorists drive a van into pedestrians and then attack them with knives. Eight people die and ISIS claim responsibility.
3/6/17 = Ma Shoe Duck
19 Jun 17
Finsbury Park Mosque - as large crowds of worshippers were leaving the Finsbury Park Mosque after their nightly prayers in the holy month of Ramadan, they were struck by a hired van, driven by Darren Osborne, a father of four from Wales. He acted alone and was self-radicalised against Muslims following the recent Islamist attacks in London and Manchester. He was quoted as shouting “I want to kill Muslims” and “this is for London Bridge”.
15 Sep 17
Parsons Green explosion - ISIS claim responsibility for an explosion that was the result of a homemade bomb, that had been left in a bucket inside a shopping bag. No one died.
