Terrestrial water Flashcards
the four classes of terrestrial water are:
- surface water
- groundwater
- soil water
- biological water
surface water is
the free-flowing water of rivers as well as the water of ponds and lakes
rivers act as
both a store and a transfer of water
rivers are
a stream water defined by a channel
rivers transfer water from
the ground, from soils and from the atmosphere to a store
rivers make up only……….% of all water
0.0002%
the average discharge of the amazon, the largest drainage system of all, is
209,000 cumecs
the Amazon drainage basin is (size)
7,050,000 km2
lakes are
collections of freshwater found in hollows on the land surface which is greater than 2 hectares in area
any ‘lake’ smaller than 2 hectares is called a
pond
the majority of lakes on earth are
freshwater and in the northern hemisphere
Canada has…..lake
2 million
weltlands are
areas of marsh, fen , peatland or water, whether artificial or natural, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing where there is a dominance by vegetation
wetlands vary widely because of
regional and local differences in soils, topography, climate, hydrology, water chemistry, vegetation and other factors including human disturbance
the world’s largest freshwater wetland system is
the Pantanal of South America
wetlands are the main ecosystem in
the Arctic, covering 60% of the land surface area
groundwater is
water that collects underground in the pore spaces of rock
what is the depth threshold for groundwater?
4,000 m
the deepest known groundwater borehole is in…………………….and is………………..deep
Northern Russia and is 13 km deep
the water table is
the depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated
soil water is
water which is held together with air in unsaturated upper weathered layers of the Earth
soil moisture is a key
variable in controlling the exchange of water and heat energy between the land surface and the atmosphere through evaporation and plant transpiration
soil moisture plays an important role in
the development of weather patterns and the production of precipitation
biological water is
the water stored in all the biomass
