terms3

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

Def: the biological attributes that differentiate males from females. Determined by: genetic, anatomical, and physiological factors (chromosomes, reproductive organs, secondary sexual characteristics, and hormone levels)

Question 2

Gender

Answer 2

the social and cultural roles, behaviors, expectations, and identities associated with being male or female in a particular society (defined by behaviors considered masculine or feminine)

Question 3

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 3

• An evolved feature of a species
• When a male and a female contribute their gamates (sperm, egg) ecah carrying half of their DNA
  Gamates –> Zygote –> offspring, w/ unique combo of traits

Question 4

Species-typical Traits

Answer 4

Visible characteristics, behaviors, or physical attributes that are common and specific to a particular species, shaped by evolutionary pressures

Question 5

Sexual Selection

Answer 5

An evolutionary process where traits that increase an individual’s chances of attracting mates or competing for reproductive opportunities are favored, even if these traits don’t directly aid survival

Question 6

Primary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 6

Essential for reproduction
Ex: Genitals, reproductive organs

Question 7

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 7

Evolve through sexual selection to increase mating success by making an individual more attractive/competitive
Ex: Height, color, behavior

Question 8

Parental Investment Theory

Answer 8

The sex investing more time, energy, and resources in offspring (typically females) becomes choosier in selecting mates, while the less-investing sex (usually males) competes more intensely for reproductive opportunities.

Question 9

Operational Sex Ratio

Answer 9

fewer reproductively available females compared to males creates intense competition among males, favoring traits that increase their chances of getting a mate

Question 10

Same Sex Competition

Answer 10

the rivalry between individuals of the same sex, typically males, for access to mates. This competition can involve displays of strength, dominance, or attractiveness, and is driven by sexual selection to increase reproductive success.

Question 11

Opposite Sex Choice/Intersexual Competition

Answer 11

Occurs when individuals of one sex compete to attract members of the opposite sex, typically through displays of desirable traits or behaviors

Question 12

Pair-bonded species

Answer 12

1) Species where both sexes equally invest in parental care, males + females tend to have similar reproductive success + lower variance due to shared parental responsibilities

2) The formation of a long-term, close relationship between two individuals, typically for the purpose of raising offspring together.

Question 13

Production

Answer 13

how many calories you forage yourself

Question 14

Consumption

Answer 14

how many calories you eat

Question 15

Hazda Mating Study

Answer 15

both men + women care about fidelity