Terms & Vocab Flashcards
nation
a large aggregate of ppl united by culture
William the Conquerer
Duke of Normandy, defeats King Harold of Saxony at Battle of Hastings, moves up to London & becomes king
bureaucracy
a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives
St. Anselm
archbishop of Canterbury (1093-1109)
takes a stand against lay investiture, clergy belonging to cathedrals could elect bishops freely, bishops had to pledge loyalty to the king, State is at peace with Church so power is centralized
Domesday Book
records population and what each person owes to the king
Common Law
based on previous judicial decisions, creates fairness
Statutory Law
law/command written down, based on statutes
Grand Jury
consists of citizens, before trial where they go over evidence
Trial Jury
decides if someone is innocent or guilty
relief
tax payed to the Lord before inheritance, protects vassal from the Lord, limits Lord’s power
scutage
vassals give money to Lords instead of men for wars
assessments
taxations
aids
emergency money
state
a nation or territory considered an organized political community under one gov.
charter
a written grant by a country’s legislative or sovereign power, by which an institution such as a company, college, or city is created and its rights and privileges defined
Due Process of Law
legal requirement that the state must respect the legal rights owed to a person
Privileges vs. Natural Rights
privileges-things granted to someone
natural rights-rights that ppl are born with
usury
charging interest on a loan
Parliament
an official group of representatives in charge of money
House of Lords-bishops & nobles
House of commons-knights & townsppl
Limited Monarchy
- English subjects had certain liberties that the gov. could not violate
- The king could not violate those liberties
- The king shares power with the Parliament
Philip ll
goes to war in 1202 with King John and defeats him, triples kingdom size
Absolute Monarchy
king has total control
Estates General
- kings could raise taxes to make money
- did not have a chance to limit king
duchies
lands ruled by Dukes in Germany
The Holy Roman Empire
State & Nation united by Christianity
