Terms to Remember Flashcards
how do you change font in CSS?
font-family
How do you change the size of text in CSS?
Under the style tag, font-size: px or em
Font-Weight command in CSS?
Makes the text bold
Font-style command in CSS?
Makes the text italic, etc.
Spacing between lines in CSS?
Line-height:
Alignment in CSS
text-align
text-decoration in CSS
if you want to underline something, etc.
span tag
groups a selection of text
div tag
groups elements of text
inline element
does not have a new line after it
block element
does have a new line after it
How can you do width for a div?
you can do it by px or by percentange
margin?
Transparent area around the box
Border in CSS and aspects?
border: size, dotted or solid, then the color
padding?
pads out your text
What do you use “float” for in CSS?
For wrapping text around images; “float: left”; you can also add “width” and “margin” to it
“p.warning {“ what does this do?
It changes anything with a “p” tag with the class “warning” to do whatever you tell it to
“ul. spacey li strong {“ what does this do?
this is a descendent selector. In other words, if you have similar tags throughout the page and need to change a specific tag’s stuff, you can specify that in the unordered list called “spacey” that where there’s a strong list item to change what’s in there
CSS Selectors
Allows you to group certain things you do. For example, if you wanted to group all your headings together with a comma (h1, h2 {)
a: link
this is a pseudo class that selects elements of a webpage that are not a part of the normal structure. Selects all the links that the user has not selected, yet
visited pseudo class
selects all the links the user has visited
hover pseudo class
selects only if the user is hovering over it
active pseudo class
selects what is being clicked
focus pseudo class
tab key to tab around the interface when targeting a link
In the case that two selectors are equally specific in CSS, what happens?
The last one wins. In general, whatever is more specific will take precedence
Inline CSS Styles
styles of CSS you’ll put right after a tag. Separate with a semicolon. Ex: <h1 style="background: salmon; color: white;">
External style sheets
File of CSS rules that we can include on multiple pages. Use the “link” tag for this. Ex: <link></link>
What is the selector in CSS?
The part before the curly brace
What is the property in CSS?
Inside the curly brace, it is the command before the colon
What is the value in CSS?
Inside the curly brace, it is the command after the colon
what is the declaration in CSS?
It’s the command before the colon. Ex: text-align: center
What is the rule in CSS?
The entire block of code
What does the hexadecimal value 10 represent?
A
What does the hexadecimal value F represent?
15
Colors are specified in RGB values ranging from 0 to what?
255
What hexadecimal value represents 255?
FF
The browser-safe color palette consists of a standard of how many colors?
216
The hexadecimal value #000000 represents which color?
Black
The hexadecimal value #FFFFFF represents which color?
White
The hexadecimal value #FF0000 represents which color?
Red
Do you have to close an <img></img> tag?
Nope
/mysite/index.html
The initial forward slash ( / ) instructs the browser to look for a directory names mysite that is off of the root directory. If this page were on a Web server, the link would refer to the Web server’s Web root directory.
mysite/index.html
The absence of any initial characters instructs the browser to look for the mysite subdirectory. This subdirectory begins off of the same level as the current page.
../mysite/index.html
The initial two periods and forward slash ( ../ ) instruct the browser to look for a directory names mysite that begins one level higher than the page you are currently viewing.
<header>
</header>
Top of the Webpage, like the header in a work-processing document.
<nav>
</nav>
Defines navigation links, such as hypertext menus to access various pages of the Website.
<article>
</article>
Website content, such as company services, articles, blogs, images, and videos.
<aside>
</aside>
Content that is “aside” from the article content, such as advertisements or news feeds.
<footer>
</footer>
Bottom of the Webpage, like the footer in a work-processing document.
What happens after a user has entered information into a Web Form and clicks submit?
Submitting the form uploads or emails the user’s information to the receiving server. Many Web forms also provide a Reset button that clears entered data instead of submitting it, and resets the form fields to the default values.
What do CGI scripts do?
CGI scripts perform this information processing. They receive client input, process data, perform server-side actions such as storage or communications with other servers, and respond to client requests.
What is a commonly used CGI Script?
FormMail; it is written in Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language)
The <form> tag
The HTML <form> tag creates a user-input Web form by encompassing all the content and fields of the form on the page. The <form> tag is a container tag, so you should include both opening and closing tags. In some older browsers, if you fail to supply the closing </form> tag, the form may not render or may not submit.
method element in forms?
specifies which method the browser will use to send form data to a Web server
action element in forms?
specifies the name and location of the CGI script used to process the form
two values of the method attribute?
get and post
get method
Form data is submitted from a form to the URL of the Webpage for use in a query string. This method sends information in cleartext and is thus less secure.
post method
Form data is posted to the URL specified by the action attribute. Post is the preferred method for sending form data. It can send more characters, although sometimes post requires more processing by the CGI script.
input tag
The <input></input> tag is not a container tag; it stands alone. You use <input></input> to create text boxes, check boxes, radio buttons, and the Submit and Reset buttons.
The <select> tag</select>
The <select> tag is a container tag used to create single-option and multiple-option select lists.</select>
The <textarea> tag</textarea>
The <textarea> tag is a container tag used to create an area for user commends and feedback.</textarea>
Forms and the name attribute
All form field elements share an attribute: name. The name attribute identifies information you receive from a user and associates it with a value you specify. The name attribute helps you organize user input. For example, you could use a series of check boxes to learn about a user’s preferences for gardening, sailing and biking, and you could name the group of boxes “Interests.” Thus when you receive information from the Web form, the names in your results clearly indicate the user’s choices.
Submit and Reset buttons
When you specify the <input></input> tag’s type attribute value as “reset” or “submit”, you create a button that performs a specific action. Clicking the Submit button sends the data from all fields in the form to be processed by the action specified in the <form> tag. Clicking the Reset button clears all form fields instead of submitting the data, and resets fields to their default settings.
Radio buttons
Radio buttons are never used as stand-alone items. They are reserved for two or more mutually exclusive options
Which label attribute is used to “bind” a label element to an input, select, or textarea element?
for
Identify common types of form elements used to collect user input.
textarea, select, input
Form validation is typically used to
verify credit card information and client phone number
The Document Object Model (DOM) is
cross-platform Application Programming Interface (API) that specifies how objects in a document can be referred to and manipulated through scripting languages.
