Terms to know Flashcards
Tachycardic
fast heart rate (>100 bpm)
Bradycardic
Slow heart rate (<60 bpm)
3 Phases of wound healing
Inflammatory, (fibroproliferative), maturation
Veins
Carry blood TO heart, use valves
Arteries
More muscular, carry blood AWAY from heart
Sources of infection
Wind, water, wound
Angioplasty
the technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel (angio = blood vessel, plasty = surgery)
Collagen
Structural protein found in skin and connective tissue
Epithelialization
stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells form across the surface of a wound; tissue color ranges from the color of “ground glass” to pink
Blood pH
7.35-7.45
Coagulation
Liquid blood turns solid/semi-solid, occurs at wounds to create clotting
Tylenol
Acetomenaphin
Medical fever
> 101.5, 38.5
Coronaries
Arteries that supply myocardium, right around the heart
Fibrinous exudate
Thick, clotted exudate: indicates more advanced inflammation, specialized type of inflammatory fluid that the body releases in response to tissue injury or inflammation. It is characterized by being made chiefly of fibrin, thus, the name.
ADC
Acellular dermal matrix, alloderm common, DMs are pliable, versatile sheets of dehydrated tissue from which the cells have been removed. Acellular dermal matrix acts like a scaffolding and provides extra support during breast reconstructive surgery
Layers of chest wall
Skin (dermis and epidermis), superficial fascia, deep fascia, muscles, intercostal muscles, endothoracic fascia, parietal pleura and visceral pleura, lung
Trachea
Allows air to pass to and from lungs
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3, used for relieving stomach acid or heartburn
Incentive spirometer
a resistive breathing device that helps patients exercise their breathing muscles, inhaling
ACD
Acute behavioral disturbance
Cardiomyopathy
All diseases of heart muscle
Edema
Puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of liquid
SOAP
Subjective, objective, assessment, plan
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs
Adson-brown forceps
Forceps with bristles, no teeth
Myofibroblast
A fibroblast that has some of the characteristics of smooth muscle cells, such as the ability to contract
Fibroblast
A cell in connective tissue that produces collagen and other fibers
Emergency care checklist
Airway - Blockage, cervical spine injury
Breathing - Tension pneumothorax
Circulation - Shock
Disability - Seizure, hypoglycemic, infarction
Exposure - hypothermia, fasciitis, etc
Emesis
Vomiting
Eschar
Scab
How to write admissions orders
Admit
Diagnose
Condition
Vitals
Allergies
Nursing instructions
Diet
Activity
Labs
IV fluids
Specialists
Medications
Pallor
Paleness (blanching)
Rubor
Redness
Ecmo
Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation, used as a temporary form of heart lung bypass in patients who have the most severe heart, lung or heart and lung failure
Hemoglobin
An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen.
Hemoglobin dissociation curve
shows that a small change in the partial pressure of oxygen can result in a large change in delivery of O2
Tyndall effect
Scattering of a light beam as it passes through a colloid
NGTD
No growth to date
BTR
Bathroom privileges
OOB
Out of bed
Blood thinners
Anticoagulants, heparin, aspirin, warfarin, enoxaparin
Angina pectoris
Chest pain, stable - has a trigger, stops after a while, unstable - more dangerous, no trigger, doesn’t stop, can’t predict
Hematoma
A solid swelling of clotted blood within tissues
Pericardial window
surgical creation of a drainage portal through the pericardium to treat pericardial effusion/cardiac tamponade
Manatol
Used for swelling, drains liquid, lowerse pressure allowing to flow
Pericardium
Membrane surrounding heart
Mediastinum
Area between lungs containing heart, aorta, vena cava, esophagus, and trachea
When to transfuse blood
When hemoglobin is < 7, unless you want to be safe
Sella turcica
Turkish saddle, depression in sphenoid bone in human skull, holds pituitary gland
Sartorius muscle
Long thing muscle down the anterior compartment of the thigh
Sylvian fissure
Separates frontal love from temporal and parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
Thinking, planning, organizing, problem solving, short term memory, movement
Parietal lobe
Interpret sensor information, such as taste, temperature, and touch
Occipital lobe
Processes images from eyes and link information with images stored in memory
Temporal lobe
Process information from your senses of smell, taste, and sound
Cerebellum
Combines sensory information from eyes, ears, and muscles to help coordinate movement
Brain stem
Link to spinal cord, controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing
Thalamus
Gatekeeper for message between spinal cord and cerebral hemispheres
Hypothalamus
controls emotions, hunger and sleep
Hippocampus
Sends memories to be stored in cerebrum and recalls when necassary
Liver
Fliters toxins, creates bile
Spleen
Fights invading germs in the blood, controls level of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cels and platelets), filters blood and removes old or damaged red blood cells, on the left side
Gallbladder
Stores bile from liver
Kidneys
Removes waste from blood and returns cleaned blood back to the body
Intestines
Digests food
Bladder
Stores and excretes urine into bladder
Stomach
Holds food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continues to break food into liquid or pace
Pancreas
Two functions - produces enzyme to help produce protein, and makes the hormone insulin
Gameplan for patient
Pulmonary – incentive spirometer
Cardio – Cardiac diet
Neuro – Pain (pain meds) psychological condition
Uro – Catheter (check why no peeing)
Endocrine - Check for diabetic
Disposition – Staying in ward, then what
Cardio
