Terms test Flashcards
Abuse
willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment w resulting physical harm, pain or mental anguish
Advance directives
a document that makes a persons wishes known regarding life support issues in the event they are unable to speak for themselves
Aphasia
brain injury that impairs the expression and understanding of language as well as reading and writing
Chain of command
a list of who reports or answers to whom
Confidentiality
not sharing spoken and/or written words about a resident
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
advance directive authorizing another person to make a variety of legal decisions for a person if that person is unable to make or communicate a decision
Ethics
standards of behavior developed by a persons concept of right and wrong
Etiquette
acceptable standards of behavior among members of society as they function in public or work
Exploitation
illegal use of vulnerable adults property or personal items
Involuntary seclusion
separation of a resident from other residents or from his/her room to against the residents will, or the will of the residents legal representative
Job description
duties and responsibilities involved in a work position
Living will
an advance directive document that outlines end-of-life care wishes by the resident and for the resident
neglect
failure to provide goods and services necessary to avoid physical harm or mental anguish
ombudsman
an advocate who speaks or writes in support of the residents causes or complains
patient
person having physical or emotional illness that receives care from health care workers
resident
person living in a long term facility, often elderly; may be a permanent home for the person
team work
joint action by a group of people with individual and group skills to coordinate efforts to efficiently perform tasks
assessment
plan of care that states the specific needs of a client and how those needs will be addressed by the home health care agency. (not performed by nursing assistants)
case manager
usually a registered nurse or social worker in a home care agency that screens and manages health and social services for a client
client
individual receiving health care services in their home from a home health care provider
developmentally disabled
anyone who has a mental or physical impairment, usually from birth, that will probably continue indefinitely, usually requires life long or extended life care
discharge planner
usually RN or social worker in a hospital who assists patients and families with future care needs after leaving the hospital, may also be insurance company, case manager
health maintenance organization (HMO)
type of fixed prepaid health insurance that focuses on maintaining wellness to those enrolled and is not based on frequency or extent of service
HHA
abbreviation for home health aid
homebound
a normal inability to leave home would require a great deal of effort, based upon medicare deff
medicaid
a program financed jointly by the Federal Govt and the state, that provides health coverage for most low income individuals as well as nursing home care for low income elderly
medicare
federally funded health insurance for people who are 65 years of age and older and for all people with disabilities at any age
basic human needs
requirements everyone needs for life that may be achieved by diff methods
cognitive
intellectual process that includes thought, awareness and the ability to understand
coping mechanisms
response to stress on e uses to protect his/her feelings of self esteem
culture
lifestyle or pattern of living a group of people and how the group of people views the world w their established value and beliefs
development
the increase in mental, emotional, and social capabilities
development tasks
a wide range of individually varied social, psychological and emotional behaviors that are part of the life experience and become evident in interpersonal skills and interactions
dignity
while interacting w residents, stage carry out activities that assist the resident to maintain and enhance his/her self esteem and self worth
diversity
differences among people that include race, culture, gender, age lang abilities
ethnicity
special groups within a race sharing social customs, language, national origin and heritage
growth
physical changes that occur in the body; increase in size, values, and strength
intervention
actions and discussions to discover possible solutions to a problem
mental health
adjustments to life events that allow feelings of self worth and comfort w situations in life
race
classification of people according to shared physical characteristics such as skin color, facial features, blood type or hair texture
self actualization
achievement of ones greatest potential abilities
self esteem
and individuals opinion of him/herself
stereotyping
placing members of a group of people into a category w the assumption that all are the same
family dynamics
way individuals in a family relate to and interact w each other as a group
role
function or duties or behaviors assumed when in a given role such as parent, student teacher or HHA
role model
person who is exceptionally effective or inspiring in some role, job, or position and serves as a role model for others learning the role
substance
drug when termed as substance abuse; may be legal or illegal
care plan
written method or outline identifying a residents unique needs and how health workers will assist them in meeting those needs
chart
legal doc that is a written record of medical care
checklist
documentation form to monitor ongoing NA observations of residents such as appetite or vital signs, also called flow charts or flow sheets
continuity of care
care of resident that continues without interruption
cyanosis
blue color to the lips due to decreased amount of oxygen in the blood
extremities
arms or legs
incident
unexpected situation which may harm to residents, emlpoyees or any other person
non verbal communication
messages sent by methods other than spoken or written words, such as facial expressions and body movements
objective observation
a factual or measurable event such as a pulse rate or body sign (SIGNS)
receiver
one who gets the message
report
action of relaying pertinent info about a resident to the nursing team members
sender
one who gives a message
signs
evidence of something abnormal occurring in the body which is observed by the nursing team through seeing, listening, touching, or smeilling
subjective observation
statement made by the resident such as “i have a headache” ( SYMPTOM)
symptoms
change in the body or function of the body that the resident experiences and tells the nursing team
defamation
to attack or injure the reputation of a person by making false or harmful statements
libel
false written or printed statement
slander
verbal/oral false statements made in the presence of another about a third person
objective
observations measured by the HHA by seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling and sometimes tasting
subjective
feelings measure only by the person; must be shared w others to be recognized
sympathy
having the same feelings of another, able to enter into another persons emotions
empathy
understanding another persons feelings or emotions
ABHR
refers to a 60-95% ethanol or isopropyl containing preparation designed for application to the hands to reduce microorganisms
assistive device
any item (handrails, grab bars, canes, wheelchairs) that is being used by or used in the care of a resident to promote their safety and function
body mechanics
using muscles of the body to make the best use of strength to life or move objects
body alignment
position of the body so it can function properly
chain of infection
process involved in the development of infectious disease in people
contaminated
items or areas considered to have disease causing organisms
disinfect
preventing infection by killing most bacteria, usually containing chlorine
gait belt
name give to a transfer belt when it is used to assist a resident when walking
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS
host
plant, animal, or human that harbors an organism
infection
refers to the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host, producing clinical signs and symptoms (fever, redness, hear or exudate)
infection control
practices which help to prevent the development and spread of disease
intact
unbroken, undamaged
isolation
practices used to reduce the spread of an infectious agent and/or minimize transmission of infection
medical asepsis
procedures used to prevent pathogens from spreading
microorganism
tiny living bodies that cannot be seen with the naked eye
pathogen
disease causing microorganism; germ
physical restraint
any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material or equipment attached or adjacent to ones body that the individual cannot remove easily which restricts freedom of movement or normal access to ones body
PPE
personal protective equipment, such as gown, gloves, or mask
safety
practices that prevent harm or injury
sputum
mucus coughed up from the lungs
standard precautions
refers to infection prevention practices that apple to all residents, regardless of suspected or confirmed diagnosis or presumed infection status
sterilization
removing or destroying all microorganisms on a surface
transmission
transfer from one person or place to another
transfer belt
webbed belt used as a safety device when moving a resident
alarm systems
methods of alerting people to potential dangers (community, smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors)
detergent
substances that usually includes a variety of chemicals and is used for cleaning
disinfectant
substances that prevent infection by killing bacteria
emergency
sudden or unexpected events requiring immediate attention and action
sterilization
process that completely removes or destroys all microorganisms on a surface, often accomplished with chemicals of heat (boiling or baking)
blood pressure
measurement of the force of blood against the walls of the arteries
BPM
beats per minute
bradycardia
pulse rate under 60 beats per min (bpm)
cannula
plastic prongs placed in nose to deliver oxygen
diastolic pressure
number at which the last sound is heard of lowest number when blood pressure is measured
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
expiration
breathing out air
hypertension
high blood pressure 140/90
hypotension
low blood pressure lower than 90/60
hypoxia
lack of oxygen in the body tissues
inspiration
breathing in air
pulse
pressure of the blood felt against the wall of an artery as the heart expands and contracts
pulse rate
measures the umber of time the heart beats per min
pulse spots
areas on the body where the pulse can be counted or measured
respirations
the process of breathing; the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the lungs
route
method
systolic pressure
number at which the first sound is heard or the highest number when blood pressure is measured
tachycardia
pulse rate over 100 beats per min
TPR
abbreviation for temperature, pulse and respirations
VS
vital sings
colostomy
opening into large intestine, stool will be formed or semi formed
gastrostomy
opening into the stomach
heostomy
opening into small intestine, stool will be liquid
lesion
opening or sore on the skin
ostomy
surgical creation of a stoma
podiatrist
individual who specialized in the care of feet
shearing
forse of the skin over the bone when the bone moves but the skin stays at point of contact
stoma
artificial opening between a body cavity and body surface
tracheostomy
opening into windpipe (trachea) in neck
ureterostomy
ureter tube taking urine from the kidney is attached to the surface of the skin
adaptive equipment
items such as eating utensils which are altered to make them easier to use by residents w functions limitations
contractures
shortening of muscle
fowlers position
head of bead positioned 60-90 degrees (High Fowlers)
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body
paralysis
loss of inability to move a part or all of the body
paraplegia
paralysis of the lower part of the body and both legs
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four of the extremities and the trunk
semi fowlers
30-45 degrees (low fowlers)
supine position
lying on their back
aspiration
inhaling liquids into the lungs
CVA
cerebral vascular accident (stroke)
diet
food and fluids regularly consumed by a person as a part of normal living
dietitian
a person who has a degree in nutrition; plans and manages therapeutic diets
dysphasia
difficulty swallowing
essential nutrients
necessary nutrients in food needed by the body to supply heat and energy build or repair tissue and regulate body functions, proteins, carbo, fats, vitamins and minerals and water
nutrition
process by which the body takes in food and uses it for growth, repair, and maintenance of health
puree
foods that are blended to a smooth consistency
therapeutic or special diet
diet ordered by a physician to help in the treatment of disease
defecate
elimination of stool
emesis
vomiting
fecal impaction
hard, dry stool that becomes lodged in the intestine or rectum
flatus
intestinal gas (fart)
incontinence
inability to control or retain urine or stool
incontinent brief
disposable absorbent pad designed to line undergarments
void
the act of eliminating urine
meconium
first stool of a newborn which is greenish-black to light brown, almost odorless and of a tarry consistency
austism
a disorder of unknown cause which results in difficulty communicating and relating people and surroundings
cerebral palsy
brain abnormality which may be congenital or due to lock of oxygen before, during or after birth
delusion
false belief
dementia
progressive deterioration of mental function
disorientation
decreased awareness of person, place, or time
hospice
special facility or services to provide care to terminally ill individual
hallucination
seeing or hearing something that is not really there
mental illness
chemical imbalance in the brain that significantly interferes with ones ability to live and work
mental retardation
lower than average intellectual development
reality orientation
assisting residents to be aware of time place and person
shroud
a paper or cloth covering to place on a body after death
