Terms Pertaining to the Body as a Whole

Question 1

How many chromosomes does a normal human body cell have?

Answer 1

23 pairs

Question 2

How many chromosomes does a human sex cell have?

Answer 2

23 unpaired

Question 3

How many chromosomes does an embryo have?

Answer 3

46 (combination of 23 (egg) and 23 (sperm))

Question 4

Karyotype

Answer 4

Photograph of an individuals chromosomes, arranged by size, shape and number

Question 5

Catabolism

Answer 5

Process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released. “Cata” = down; “bol” = cast; “ism” = process

Question 6

Anabolism

Answer 6

Process of building up large proteins from small proteins pieces called amino acids. “Ana” = up; ex: anabolic steroids and androgens - both build protein in cells

Question 7

Metabolism

Answer 7

Total of the chemical processes in a call (including anabolism and catabolism)

Question 8

Histologist

Answer 8

Specialist in the study of tissues

Question 9

Connectie Tissue

Answer 9

Ex: adipose, cartilage, bone and blood

Question 10

Larynx

Answer 10

Voice box

Question 11

Pharynx

Answer 11

Throat; common passageway for food and air

Question 12

Trachea

Answer 12

Windpipe

Question 13

Viscera

Answer 13

Internal organs

Question 14

Body Cavities

Answer 14

cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic and spinal

Question 15

What are the two smaller cavities that make up the thoracic cavity?

Answer 15

Pleural: space surround each lung. If the pleura is inflamed (as in pleuritis or pleurisy), the pleural cavity may fill with fluid.
Mediastinum: centrally located space outside of and between the lungs. Contains the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, thymus glands, bronchial tubes and many lymph nodes.

Question 16

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 16

Double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity. Attaches the abdominal organs to the abdominal muscles and surrounds each organ to hold it in place.

Question 17

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 17

Muscular wall that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 18

Are the abdominal and pelvic cavities separated?

Answer 18

No; referred together as the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 19

What is the collection of fluid in the pleural cavity called?

Answer 19

Pleural effusion

Question 20

What is the collection in the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 20

Ascites

Question 21

How many regions are in the abdominalpelvic area?

Answer 21

9

Question 22

What are the regions in the abdominalpelvic area?

Answer 22

(R,L) Hypochondriac regions (under rib cartilage)
Epigastric region (above stomach)
(R,L) Lumbar regions (middle regions near waist)
Umbilical region (naval/umbilicus)
(R,L) Inguinal regions (near groin; also called iliac regions; near ilium (hip bone)
Hypogastric region (lower region below umbilical region)

Question 23

What are the quadrants of the abdominopelvic area?

Answer 23

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Question 24

How many divisions of the back are there?

Answer 24

5

Question 25

What are the back/spinal divisions

Answer 25

Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacral (5), Coccygeal (1; 4 fused bones)

Question 26

Sacral

Answer 26

Five bones (S1 - S5) are fused to form one bone, the sacrum

Question 27

Anterior (ventral)

Answer 27

Front side of the body; ex: forehead

Question 28

Posterior (dorsal)

Answer 28

Back side of the body

Question 29

Deep

Answer 29

Away from the surface

Question 30

Superficial

Answer 30

On the surface

Question 31

Proximal

Answer 31

Near the point of attachment to the trunk

Question 32

Distal

Answer 32

Far from the point of attachment

Question 33

Inferior (caudal)

Answer 33

Below another structure

Question 34

Superior

Answer 34

Above another structure

Question 35

Medial

Answer 35

Pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body

Question 36

Lateral

Answer 36

Pertaining to the side

Question 37

Supine

Answer 37

Laying on the back

Question 38

Prone

Answer 38

Laying on the belly

Question 39

Frontal plane

Answer 39

Also known as coronal plane; divides into posterior and anterior

Question 40

Saggital plane

Answer 40

Also known as the lateral plane; lengthwise vertical plane that divides the body left to right

Question 41

Traverse plane

Answer 41

Horizontal, cross sectional plane running parallel to the ground

Question 42

Abdomin/o

Answer 42

abdomen

Question 43

adip/o

Answer 43

fat

Question 44

anter/o

Answer 44

front

Question 45

cervic/o

Answer 45

neck (of the body or uterus)

Question 46

chondr/o

Answer 46

cartilage

Question 47

chrom/o

Answer 47

color

Question 48

coccyg/o

Answer 48

coccyx (tailbone)

Question 49

crani/o

Answer 49

skull

Question 50

dist/o

Answer 50

distant, far

Question 51

dors/o

Answer 51

back portion of the body

Question 52

hist/o

Answer 52

tissue

Question 53

ili/o

Answer 53

ilium

Question 54

inguin/o

Answer 54

groin

Question 55

kary/o

Answer 55

nucleus

Question 56

-type

Answer 56

classification or picture

Question 57

later/o

Answer 57

side

Question 58

lumb/o

Answer 58

lower back

Question 59

medi/o

Answer 59

middle

Question 60

nucle/o

Answer 60

nucleus

Question 61

pelv/i

Answer 61

pelvis

Question 62

poster/o

Answer 62

back, behind

Question 63

proxim/o

Answer 63

nearest

Question 64

sarc/o

Answer 64

flesh

Question 65

sacr/o

Answer 65

sacrum

Question 66

spin/o

Answer 66

spine, backbone

Question 67

thel/o, theli/o

Answer 67

nipple; epithelial cell - originally identified in the skin of the nipple

Question 68

thorac/o

Answer 68

chest

Question 69

trache/o

Answer 69

trachea, windpipe

Question 70

umbilic/o

Answer 70

navel

Question 71

viscer/o

Answer 71

internal organs

Question 72

ana-

Answer 72

up

Question 73

cata-

Answer 73

down

Question 74

epi-

Answer 74

above

Question 75

hypo-

Answer 75

below

Question 76

inter-

Answer 76

between

Question 77

intra-

Answer 77

within

Question 78

meta-

Answer 78

change

Question 79

-eal

Answer 79

pertaining to

Question 80

-iac

Answer 80

pertaining to

Question 81

-ior

Answer 81

pertaining to

Question 82

-ism

Answer 82

process, condition

Question 83

-ose

Answer 83

pertaining to, full of

Question 84

-plasm

Answer 84

formation

Question 85

-somes

Answer 85

bodies

Question 86

-type

Answer 86

picture, classification