Terms of the Cell

Question 1

Rod-shaped structures in nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cells except egg and sperm cells. contain only 23 individual chromosomes, unpaired chromosomes

Answer 1

chromosomes

Question 2

structures in cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy for cell. Catabolism is process that occurs in this structure

Answer 2

mitochondria

Question 3

control center of the cell; contains chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

chemical found within the cytoplasm of the cell. large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces

Answer 5

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

structure of surrounding and protecting the cell. it determines what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 6

cell membrane

Question 7

process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released.

Answer 7

catabolism (Cata-down) (bol means to cast) (-ism is a process)

Question 8

process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.

Answer 8

anabolism (Ana- up) (bol means to cast) (-ism means a process)

Question 9

total of the chemical processes in a cell. it includes catabolism and anabolism

Answer 9

metabolism