Terms of Movement Flashcards
abduction
lateral movement away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane
adduction
movement medially toward the midline of the trunk in the frontal plane
flexion
bending movement that results in the decrease of the joint angle
extension
straightening movement that results in an increase of the joint angle
circumduction
circular movement of a limb; combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
diagonal abduction
movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body (hip or shoulder joint)
diagonal adduction
movement by a limb through a diagonal plane toward and across the midline of the body (hip or shoulder joint)
external rotation
rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of a bone away from the midline of the body; also known as lateral rotation
internal rotation
rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of a bone toward the midline of the body; also known as medial rotation
rotation
movement of a bone or part around its longitudinal axis
eversion
turning the sole of the foot outward or laterally (frontal plane); abduction of the foot
inversion
turning the sole of the foot inward or medially; adduction of the foot
dorsiflexion
flexion movement of the ankle that results in the top of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia bone (sagittal)
plantar flexion
extension movement of the ankle that results in the foot/toes moving away from the body
pronation
foot and ankle position resulting from a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction
&
internally rotating the radius; palm-down position (transverse plane)
supination
foot and ankle position resulting from a combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction
&
externally rotating the radius; palm-up position
depression
inferior movement of the shoulder girdle (frontal plane)–shrugging up
elevation
superior movement of the shoulder girdle
–shrugging down/relaxing
protraction
forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the transverse plane away from the spine; abduction of the scapula
ex: pushup position
retraction
backward movement of the shoulder girdle in the transverse plane towards the spine; adduction of the scapula
ex: relaxing after the pushup
downward rotation
rotary movement of the scapula in the frontal plane with the inferior angle of the scapula moving medially and downward (return from upward rotation)
upward rotation
rotary movement of the scapula in the frontal plane with the inferior angle of the scapula moving laterally and upward
horizontal abduction
movement of the humerus in the transverse plane away from the midline of the body (palms are facing toward the ground)
horizontal adduction
movement of the humerus in the transverse plane towards the midline of the body
scaption
movement of the humerus away from the body in the scapula plane; glenohumerual abduction in the plane halfway between the sagittal and frontal planes (halfway between abduction and adduction; 45 degree angle)
lateral flexion
also called side bending; movement of the head and/or trunk in the frontal plane laterally away from the midline (abduction of the spine)
reduction
return of the spine to the anatomical position from lateral flexion (frontal plane)
radial deviation
hand moved laterally in the frontal plane toward the radial side (thumb side); abduction of the wrist
ulnar deviation
hand moves medially in the frontal plane toward the ulnar side (pinky side); adduction of the wrist
opposition (thumb)
diagonal movement of the thumb across the palmar surface of the hand to make contact with the fingers; thumb to pinky
reposition (thumb)
diagonal movement of the thumb as it returns to the anatomical position from opposition
