Terms/Groups Flashcards
Term describing both a theological movement and its literature. It postulates the increase in evil in the world, the near end of the age, and the decisive intervention of God to inaugurate the age to come.
APOCALYPTIC
Specifically, a collection of fourteen Jewish books written mainly between 200 BC and AD 100, not found in the Hebrew Old Testament but included in the Roman Catholic Bible.
APOCRYPHA
Term designating those Jews who were living outside Palestine, scattered or dispersed among the Gentiles.
DIASPORA
Sect of Judaism at the time of Jesus that emphasized apocalyptic, asceticism, and strict obedience to the law.
ESSENES
The process of drawing the author’s original meaning and intent from a text, by considering all relevant data related to it.
EXEGESIS
An esoteric blend of Christian, Jewish, and Greek ideas that was vigorously opposed as heresy by the church during the second and third centuries after Christ.
GNOSTICISM
Term derived from a Greek word meaning “to interpret.”
HERMENEUTICS
Jewish party of Jesus’ day that sought to keep Herod’s dynasty in power.
HERODIANS
Radical Jewish Christians who opposed Paul by arguing that a person must be circumcised according to the law of Moses to be saved, making works a part of salvation.
JUDAIZER(S)
During New Testament times one of the dominant groups of Jewish thought. They accepted both Scripture and tradition as authoritative; affirmed the traditional theological doctrines of God’s providence, angels, resurrection, and afterlife.
PHARISEES
A group of Jews in Jesus’ day comprised primarily of the priestly aristocracy.
SADDUCEES
Resident of a region roughly equivalent to Israel in the Old Testament, lying west of the Jordan River between Galilee to the north and Judea to the south.
SAMARITAN
The supreme judicial council of Judaism.
SANHEDRIN
The Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament.
SEPTUAGINT
A Jewish party of extreme nationalism in Jesus’ day that advocated armed rebellion to usher in the kingdom of God.
ZEALOTS
