Terms For Slo Flashcards
Exports
Sending goods to another country to trade and sell
Import
Bringing goods/products into a country to trade
Globizalization
Act, process, or policy of making something worldwide in scope or application
Outsourcing
Shifting of jobs from one country to another generally for a lower labor price.
Interdependence
The reliance of countries on goods, resources and ideas from other countries
Nationalism
Pride and loyalty in ones nation
Imperialism
The process by which one larger, more powerful nation takes over a smaller, weaker nation through social, political or economic means
Social Darwinism
An application of Charles Darwin’s scientific theories of natural selection and the survival of the fittest to the struggles between nations and races; used in the late 1800s to justify imperialism and racism.
King Louis XVI
King of France from 1774 to 1792; his unpopular policies, including harsh taxes, helped trigger the French Revolution. Deposed the national convention, he was executed by the guillotine
Declaration or the rights of man and citizen
A document that laid out the basic principles of the French Revolution– liberty, equality, and fraternity
Napoleon Bonaparte
General; emperor of France; he seized power in a coup d’état in 1799; he led French armies conquering much of Europe, placing his relatives in positions of power
British east India company
A joint-stock company granted a royal charter by Elizabeth I in 1600 for the purpose of controlling trade in India
Berlin conference
(1884-1885) a meeting at which representatives from European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa
Unequal treaties
Trade treaties that China signed under pressure of invasion; gave Western powers trade benefits
Central powers
Term for war alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in WW1
Allied powers
Term for alliance of Great Britain, France, Russia, and Serbia in WW1
The big four
The four most influential people in drafting the Treaty of Versailles: Wilson, Clemenceau, George and Orlando
Fourteen Points
Woodrow Wilson’s plan for world peace, proposed in 1918
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty that ended WW1 and punished Germany severely
War Guilt Clause
Part of the treaty of Versailles, it forced Germany to say that they alone caused WW1- and that it was therefore right and proper that they had to pay reparations
League of Nations
Organization of nations created with hope of ending future wars
Nicholas II
Last emperor of Russia. He was overthrown in the Russian revolution
Adolf Hitler
Totalitarian dictator of Germany; his invasion of European countries let to WWII. He espoused nations of racial superiority and was responsible for the mass murder of millions of Jews and others in the Holocaust
Appeasement
Giving in to aggressive demands in order to avoid war
Winston Churchill
British prime minister; he opposed the policy of appeasement and let Great Britain through WWII
Axis powers
Side made up of Germany, Japan, Italy, and the Soviet Union
Allies
The alliance of Britain, France, and the Soviet Union (1941) in WWII; joined by the United States after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941
Final solution
The nazi party’s plan to murder the entire Jewish population of Europe and the Soviet Union
Holocaust
The killing of millions of Jews and others by the Nazis during WWII
Harry S Truman
Thirty-third president of the United States; he became president upon the death of Franklin D Roosevelt. He led the United States through the end if WWII and the beginning of the Cold War
Hiroshima
A zone of heavy defensive fortifications erected by France along it’s eastern border in the years preceding WWII, but outflanked in 1940 when the German army attacked through Belgium
Nagasaki
The second populated area to be devastated by an atomic bomb, on August 9, 1945
Cold War
Era of tension and hostility, between the United States and the Soviet Union, that lasted from 1947-1991
Containment
The United States policy that involved resisting Soviet aggression in order to contain the spread of communism
Arms Race
Struggle between nations to gain an advantage in weapons
Nonaligned Nations
Nations refusing to support either the United States or the Soviet Union opting instead to use their combined strength to promote the interests of poorer countries
Ho Chi Minh
(1890-1969) Vietnamese nationalist and revolutionary leader; president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (north Vietnam) from 1945 to 1969; he wanted to bring communism to south Vietnam
Domino theory
The belief during the Cold War that the fall of one non-communist country to communism would cause neighboring non-communist countries also to fall to communists
Tiananman Square Massacre
Violent suppression by the Chinese communist government of a large prodemocracy protest in Beijing’s central square in 1989
Gandhi
Led the Indian struggle for independence from Great Britain using non-violent resistance and civil disobedience
Locke
English philosopher, he devil oped political and economic theories during the Enlightenment. He wrote Two Treaties on government in which he declared that people have a right to rebel against governments that do not protect their rights.
Scientific method
A method of inquiry that promotes observing, measuring, explaining, and verifying as a way to gain scientific knowledge
Galileo
Italian astronomer, mathematician and physicist; his discoveries, including the law or motion of falling objects, put him into conflict with the Roman Catholic Church
Enlightenment
A time of optimism where reason could be used to solve human problems from the late 1600a to the late 1700s; also called the age of reason
Industrial revolution
A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid 1700s
Assembly line
A mass production process in which a product is moved forward through many work stations where workers perform specific tasks
Labor union
An organization representing workers interests, usually to the business owners and politicians
Factory system
Is made up of a series of workers and machines in a factory by which a succession of identical items is progressively assembled
