Terms for Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Latitude

A

measures distance north to south ALWAYS COMES FIRST WHEN PLOTTING LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

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2
Q

Longitude

A

meridian, measures east to west

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3
Q

Absolute Location

A

somethings coordinates (lat. and long.)

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4
Q

Relative Location

A

something’s location compared to another place’s location

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5
Q

Amendment

A

a change to the Constitution (there are 27)

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6
Q

U.S. Constitution

A

written in 1787, framework for America, structure for Gov, gave people rights

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7
Q

Bill of rights

A

1st Ten amendments, gave people specific rights

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8
Q

Republic

A

has aspects of democracy, protects rights of minority group

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9
Q

democracy

A

Government ruled by the people

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10
Q

Is the U.S a republic or a democracy?

A

A mix of both

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11
Q

Limited governemnt

A

the people have a say in major decisions, like who is the leader

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12
Q

Unlimited Government

A

The person in charge has all of the power

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13
Q

Is the U.S a limited or unlimited gov?

A

limited

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14
Q

Why did most Native American tribes ultimately get defeated and conquered by the later arriving Europeans.

A

Disease, Technology, and Domestic Animals.

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15
Q

capitalism

A

People choose what they buy, sell, where they work, who they work for, etc.

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16
Q

Socialism/ communism

A

Government completely controls economy

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17
Q

Which economy is the U.S?

A

it is capitalism

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18
Q

Know the Timeline

A

Know the Timeline

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19
Q

3 G’s that motivated Europeans to explore the world

A

God, Glory, Gold

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20
Q

How did Marco Polo encourage later Europeans to explore. What role did the printing press play in this exploration

A

He told everyone of the riches in China. The printing press made his book widely available.

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21
Q

Why did most Native American tribes ultimately get defeated and conquered by the later arriving Europeans.

A

Disease, Technology, and Domestic Animals.

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22
Q

Human - environment interactions

A

When humans depend on, adapt to, or change their environment

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23
Q

Place

A

the physical or human characteristics of a certain place

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24
Q

location

A

Relative or absolute location of a place

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25
Q

movement

A

the movement of people, goods, and/or ideas

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26
Q

region

A

a group of places with similar physical or human characteristics

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27
Q

Culture

A

a group of people’s way of life

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28
Q

History

A

the study of the past

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29
Q

economics

A

how we get stuff

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30
Q

Parliament

A

Law making group in England

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31
Q

Indentured Servant

A

A person who is bound by a contract for a set amount of time.

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32
Q

Apprentice

A

Young person who learns a craft from an artisan.

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33
Q

Artisan

A

Skilled Craftsman

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34
Q

government

A

politics(power over land or territory)

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35
Q

Geography

A

the 5 themes (human environment interactions, place, location, movement, region)

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36
Q

Columbian exchange

A

Exchange of goods and things like diseases between Old and New world

37
Q

Henry Hudson

A

Englishman, who from 1609 - 1611 explored the area around present - day New York and northern Canada looking for a route to Asia

38
Q

Hernando Cortes

A

conquistador who allied with the people under Aztec rule, captured Aztec city of Tenochtitlan, and conquered Aztecs

39
Q

Spanish Armada

A

Fleet of Spanish ships, defeated by British, was supposed to take over England and make British Catholic

40
Q

Bartolome de Las Casas

A

Catholic Priest who fought for better treatment of Native Americans

41
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

a 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal that divided land in New World, instituted by Pope

42
Q

Aztecs

A

Native people who flourished in present day Mexico. It was eventually conquered by Cortes.

43
Q

Muslims

A

followers of the most recently developed Abrahamic Religions, Islam,

44
Q

Inca

A

South American tribe that was conquered by Pizarro

45
Q

Reformation

A

Started in 1517, divided Christians into two groups.

46
Q

Catholics

A

Christians who follow the traditional Roman Church and follow the Pope

47
Q

Protestants

A

Christians who broke away from traditional church in the early 16th century.

48
Q

Amerigo vespucci

A

Italian explorer, sailing for Portugal, who realized the lands that he reached were not Asia, and a German mapmaker named the New World after him

49
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Conquistador who conquered the Incas in 1531

50
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

1st person to lead an expedition that sailed around the world

51
Q

Cash Crop

A

agricultural product used to make money.

52
Q

John Smith

A

led Jamestown, “Work to eat,” kept Jamestown alive

53
Q

John Locke

A

English philosopher, believed in natural rights of “Life, liberty, and property,” said that if king didn’t protect these rights you should rebel

54
Q

Pilgrims

A

More extreme than Puritans, separatists from church

55
Q

Puritans

A

Wanted to “purify” English church

56
Q

Ben Franklin

A

American writer, publisher, scientist, made money off of Poor Richard’s Almanac, started 1st anti slavery commitee, was on Decloration comittee

57
Q

Roger Williams

A

Started Rhode Island (Colony where church was separate from Gov.), Puritan dissenter

58
Q

WIlliam Penn

A

Quaker, started Pennsylvania, religious freedom and anti slavery

59
Q

James Oglethorpe

A

Started Georgia, prison colony

60
Q

Quakers

A

“Society of friends,” anti slavery, believed in religous freedom

61
Q

Elizabeth I

A

Daughter of Henry, Protestant, made England permanently Protestant, Virginia named after her, defeated Spanish Armada

62
Q

Charles I

A

Forced Great Puritan Migration, head chopped off by Cromwell to end English Civil War

63
Q

James II

A

Short reign, “Duke of York” (Hence New York), overthrown by Glorious/ Bloodless revolution

64
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A

Won English Civil War, became Puritan dictator of England for 8 years

65
Q

Know the differences between Jamestown and Plymouth.

A

Know that

66
Q

Mercantalism

A
  1. All wealth is limited
  2. Export more than you import
  3. Get as many colonies as possible
    3B. Mother country controls colonies
67
Q

Know why Mercantilism was the main cause for the Revolution.

A

Americans didn’t agree with 3B, so they rebelled.

68
Q

Militia

A

a military made of citizen soldiers

69
Q

Specculators

A

People who wanted to make money selling land

70
Q

Treason

A

crime of betraying one’s country

71
Q

Boycott

A

colonists refused to buy goods from Britain

72
Q

Patriots

A

Americans that sided with rebels

73
Q

Smuggling

A

Shipping and receiving goods illegally

74
Q

Loyalists

A

Americans that sided with British

75
Q

Propaganda

A

One sided information designed to provoke people

76
Q

George Washington

A

Main general during war for independence

77
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Wrote Declaration of Independence

78
Q

John Adams

A

Lawyer, defended British after Boston Massacre

79
Q

Samuel Adams

A

Firebrand, started Sons of Liberty and Boston tea Party

80
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Firebrand, siad “Give me liberty or give me death.” Great speaker

81
Q

Thomas Paine

A

Firebrand, wrote Common sense

82
Q

King George III

A

King during war, refused to look at Olive Branch Petition

83
Q

Paul Revere

A

Made Boston Massacre engraving and had the Midnight ride to warn people of Massachusetts that the British were coming

84
Q

John Hancock

A

Main funder of the war and army, richest man in New England, president of second continental congress

85
Q

Benjamin Banneker

A

Free African - American enlightenment thinker, wrote yearly almanac, wrote letters to Thomas Jefferson about equality

86
Q

Why was the battle of saratoga so important?

A

Brought French into War for Independence

87
Q

What did the Magna Carta do?

A

1st time king had limited power by a law 1215

88
Q

Who won the battle of bunker hill and who suffered the most casualties.

A

British and British

89
Q

What are the 3 most important events that occurred between 1200 A.D. and 1777 A.D.? Defend each answer with at least 3 sentences.

A

Your answer