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BI 101 > Terms for Lecture Exam 1 > Flashcards

Terms for Lecture Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Protoplasm

A

Substance of Life

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2
Q

Cell Structure

A

Housing DNA need nucleus or nucleoid

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3
Q

Metabolism

A

Ability of the cell to obtain and use energy

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4
Q

Anabolism

A

Reactions that use energy to build compounds

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5
Q

Catabolism

A

reactions that release energy by breaking down compounds (cell respiration)

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6
Q

Irritability

A

The ability to sense and respond to stimuli to maintain homeostasis.

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7
Q

Homeostasis

A

Best internal environment.

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8
Q

Movement

A

All cells have cytoplasm streaming

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9
Q

Cytoplasm Streaming

A

movement inside of the cytoplasm within the cell

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10
Q

Development

A

Birth, Growth, Maturity, Senescence, Death.

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11
Q

Reproduction

A

based on inheritance of genes

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12
Q

Asexual vs. Sexual

A

A- offsprings are clones, only need one parent. S- 2 parents occur in advanced organisms.

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13
Q

Observation

A

Leads to question (Is lung cancer more common in smokers)

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14
Q

Hypothesis

A

Prediction to be tested

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15
Q

Variable vs. Control

A

A variable is what is being tested and the control is something no exposed to the experiment variable

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16
Q

Experimental Results Statistics

A

predicts accuracy within confidence limits

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17
Q

Scientific Theory

A

Model that best explains the data

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18
Q

Matter

A

Composed of elements

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19
Q

Atoms

A

The smallest part of an element

20
Q

Protons

A

positively charged particles in the atomic nucleus

21
Q

Atomic Number

A

Number of protons

22
Q

Neutrons

A

Neutral particles in the atomic nucleus

23
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Number of protons and neutrons

24
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element with different atomic mass numbers

25
Q

Radioisotopes

A

Decaying different elements at a constant rate.

26
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged. particles that move around the atomic nucleus in patterns called orbitals.

27
Q

Orbitals vs. Shells

A

Orbitals hold up to 2 electrons and the same numbers of electrons as protons. Where as a shell is a group equal energy orbitals

28
Q

Chemical Bonding

A

Occurs because atoms do not feel stable unless they have complete outer shells. They will give up, pick up or share electrons to fill the outermost shell.

29
Q

Nobel Gases

A

Will not form chemical bonds because the outermost shells are already full.

30
Q

Ionic Bonding

A

Occurs when atoms give up or pick up electrons to complete their outermost shells.

31
Q

Electron Donors

A

Give away 1,2 or 3 electrons to become, and become positively charged ions (cations)

32
Q

Electron Acceptors

A

Pick up 1, 2 or 3 electrons to become negatively charged ions (anions)

33
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Molecules held together by electromagnetic attractions (opposite charges

34
Q

Acids

A

pH lass then 7

35
Q

Bases

A

pH above 7

36
Q

pH Scale

A

Measures how much acids and bases dissociate

37
Q

Buffers

A

Special salts that help maintain proper pH conditions by changing strong acids into weak acids or strong bases into weak bases

38
Q

Covalent Bonding

A

Occurs when atoms share electrons to complete their outermost shells. (covalent bonding are 10x-20x stronger than ionic bonding in water.)

39
Q

Non-polar vs. Polar

A

Non-polar- occur when atoms share electrons equally. Polar- occur when atoms share electrons unequally.

40
Q

Single, Double & Triple Bonds

A

Occurs when atoms share 1, 2 & 3 bonds.

41
Q

Hydrogen Bonding

A

Occurs when polar covalent compounds weakly attach to one and another because of their opposite charges.

42
Q

Isomers

A

Compounds with identical elements, numbers of atoms and bonds but different spatial arrangments

43
Q

Inorganic Compounds

A

Small compounds lacking carbon and hydrogen

44
Q

Water

A

Polar covalent composed of hydrogen and oxygen

45
Q

Organic Compounds

A

molecules containing both carbon and hydrogen.

BI 101 (1 decks)

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