Terms for Exam 1

Question 1

Condottieri

Answer 1

mercenary generals

Question 2

Dante

Answer 2

poet

author

participated in Florentine gov’t

Question 3

Scaligeri

Answer 3

dynasty of Verona

patron of Dante

taken by Milan - 1387

Question 4

Ghiberti

Answer 4

won the door design contest

Question 5

Brunelleschi

Answer 5

lost the door design contest

goes to Rome to be an architect

Question 6

Savonarola

Answer 6

1452-1498, popular Christian leader, burned at the stake for heresy

Question 7

The Papal States

Answer 7

territories under the Pope’s rule

Question 8

The Borgias

Answer 8

Papal family (Spain), patron of the arts, very corrupt

Question 9

Habsburgs

Answer 9

ruling family of Spain, alled w/ Sforza to oust the French from Milan

Question 10

Ficino

Answer 10

1433-1499, translated Plato to Latin

Question 11

Visconti

Answer 11

Lord of Milan, tried to take other cities, died of Plague while trying to take Florence

Question 12

Petrarch

Answer 12

1304-1374 generation younger than Dante

Question 13

Barbaro

Answer 13

a wife must not disagree with her husband

Question 14

Pico

Answer 14

philospher, possible to be one with God, but we have free will to think about anything

Question 15

Valla

Answer 15

1407-1457, challenges traditional Church teachings, pleasure can be a good thing

Question 16

Poggio

Answer 16

Wrote about greed, saying it can be a good thing (fueling capitalism)

Question 17

Ciompi

Answer 17

unskilled laborers, not allowed to hold office

Question 18

Erasmus

Answer 18

1466-1536, revival of classics would lead to moral regeneration

Question 19

Castiglione

Answer 19

The Courtier, response to trend toward monarchy

Question 20

Bruni

Answer 20

1370-1444, praised Florence

Question 21

Patronage

Answer 21

made the Renaissance possible

Question 22

polyphony

Answer 22

music style of harmonies

Question 23

sumptuary law

Answer 23

behavior/appearance regulated based on class and gender

Question 24

The Medici

Answer 24

important (wealthy) ruling family of Florence, bankers

Question 25

Machiavelli

Answer 25

wrote The Prince

Question 26

Peace of Lodi

Answer 26

1454, established boundries, lasted 40 yrs

Question 27

high renaissance

Answer 27

period of art history, emphasis on classical tradition

Question 28

Prisca Theologia

Answer 28

truth is truth wherever it comes from (b/c it ultimately comes from God)

from the Corpus Hermeticum (not actually by Hermes)

Question 29

What was the effect of the Prisca Theologia

Answer 29

fueled Neo-Platonism, produced new worldview

Question 30

The Pazzi

Answer 30

Tuscan Noble family

gave up nobility so they could hold office (became bankers)

plotted against the Medici

Question 31

Boccaccio

Answer 31

wrote The Decameron, friend and student of Petrarch

Question 32

Manuel Chrysoloras

Answer 32

taught Greek in italy

Question 33

The Sforzas

Answer 33

ruling family of Milan, condotteiri

Question 34

Vasari

Answer 34

painter, wrote about the lives of artists

Question 35

Alberti

Answer 35

bridged gap between intellectual and artist

formulated theory of perspective

Vasari wrote about him

Question 36

Guilds

Answer 36

trade unions of merchants and artisans

organized economic activity

gateway to political participation

Question 37

Holy League

Answer 37

anti-French alliance (Italy, Spain, Papal States)

restored power to Sforza (Milan) and to Medici (Florence)

Question 38

Reconquista

Answer 38

Christian kingdoms taking land back from the Moors

Question 39

Signore

Answer 39

“Lord” (tyrant) of despotisms emerging in N. Italy 13-15 c.

Question 40

Popolo

Answer 40

the poeple

Question 41

Commune

Answer 41

association of citizens who had political voice