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Integumentary System > Terms, Conditions & Treatments > Flashcards

Terms, Conditions & Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

abrasion

A

a scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area

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2
Q

abscess

A

a localized collection of pus in any body part that results from an invasion of pus-forming bacteria

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3
Q

actinic keratosis

A

a premalignant, gray or red-to-brown, hardened lesion caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; also called solar keratosis

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4
Q

blister

A

a small, thin-walled skin lesion containing fluid; a vesicle

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5
Q

bulla

A

a large blister (or vesicle)

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6
Q

carbuncle

A

a circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface

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7
Q

carcinoma, basal cell

A

a malignant epithelial cell tumor that begins as a slightly elevated nodule with a depression or ulceration in the center that becomes more obvious as the tumor grows. As the depression enlarges, the tissue breaks down, crusts, and bleeds

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8
Q

carcinoma, squamous cell

A

a malignancy of the squamous (or scalelike) cells of the epithelial tissue, which is a much faster growing cancer than basal cell carcinoma and which has a greater potential for metastasis if not treated

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9
Q

circumscribed

A

confined to a limited space or well-definite area

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10
Q

comedo

A

typical lesion of acne vulgaris, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of the hair follicle; closed comedo is a whitehead, open comedo is a blackhead

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11
Q

cryosurgery

A

the destruction of tissue by rapid freezing with substances such as liquid nitrogen

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12
Q

curettage

A

process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material.

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13
Q

curettage and electrodesiccation

A

a combination procedure of curettage that involves scraping away abnormal tissue and electrodesiccation, which involves destroying the tumor base with a low-voltage electrode

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14
Q

cyst

A

a closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semi-fluid, or solid material

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15
Q

debridement

A

removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing

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16
Q

dermatoplasty

A

skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by injury or disease

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17
Q

ecchymosis

A

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

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18
Q

electrodesiccation

A

a technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions; also called fulguration

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19
Q

epithelium

A

the tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body

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20
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin due to capillary dilation. An example of erythema is nervous blushing or a mild sunburn

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21
Q

escharotomy

A

an incision made into the necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn

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22
Q

exanthematous viral diseases

A

a skin eruption or rash accompanied by inflammation, having specific diagnostic features of an infectious viral disease

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23
Q

fissure

A

a crack-like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane

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24
Q

fistula

A

an abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (e.g. rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface

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25
Q

furnucle

A

a localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle, characterized by pain, redness, and swelling; a boil

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26
Q

gangrene

A

tissue death due to the loss of adequate blood supply, invasion of bacteria, and subsequent decay of enzymes (especially proteins) producing an offensive, foul odor

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27
Q

hemangioma

A

a bright red birthmark that shows up at birth or in the first or second week of life. It looks like a rubbery bump and is made up of extra blood vessels in the skin. A hemangioma can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly appears on the face, scalp, chest or back

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28
Q

herpes zoster

A

an acute viral infection characterized by painful vesicular eruptions on the skin following along the nerve pathways of underlying spinal or cranial nerves

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29
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive hair growth on unexpected areas of the body, such as on the face, chest, and back; can result from excess male hormones, called androgens. This may occur with certain medical conditions. It may also be inherited

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30
Q

histamine

A

a substance (found in all cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions

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31
Q

hives

A

circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions in the skin that are paler in the center than the surrounding edges; wheal

32
Q

hydrocele

A

a collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac of the male

33
Q

hyperkeratosis

A

an overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis

34
Q

impetigo

A

contagious superficial skin infection characterized by serous vesicles and pustules filled with millions of staphylococcus or streptococcus bacteria, usually forming on the face

35
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

a locally destructive malignant neoplasm of the blood vessels associated with AIDS, typically forming lesions on the skin, visceral organs, or mucous membranes. These lesions appear initially as tiny red to purple macules and evolve into sizable nodules or plaques

36
Q

keloid

A

an enlarged, irregularly shaped, and elevated scar that forms due to the presence of large amounts of collagen during the formation of the scar

37
Q

keratolytic

A

an agent used to break down or loosen the horny (hardened) layer of the skin

38
Q

keratosis

A

skin condition in which there is a thickening and overgrowth of the cornified epithelium

39
Q

laceration

A

a tear in the skin; a torn, jagged wound

40
Q

lesion

A

any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a would, sore, rash or boil

41
Q

leukoplakia

A

white, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis

42
Q

macule

A

a small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed; common examples include bruises, freckles, and the rashes of measles and roseola

43
Q

malignant melanoma

A

malignant skin tumor originating from melanocytes in preexisting nevi, freckles, or skin with pigment; darkly pigmented cancerous tumor

44
Q

nevus

A

a visual accumulation of melanocytes, creating a flat or raised rounded macule or papule with definite borders; also called a mole

45
Q

nodule

A

a small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin; a small node

46
Q

onychocryptosis

A

ingrown nail. The nail pierces the lateral fold of skin and grows into the dermis, causing swelling and pain

47
Q

onychomycosis

A

any fungal infection of the nails

48
Q

palpable

A

a small, solid circumscribed elevation on the skin

49
Q

paronchia

A

an infection of the tissue adjacent to a nail, most often a fingernail. It’s caused by injury or irritation, such as a hangnail, cuticle damage, or continually wet hands

50
Q

pediculosis

A

a highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by blood-sucking lice

51
Q

pemphigus

A

a rare incurable disorder manifested by blisters in the mouth and on the skin which spread to involve large areas of the body, including the chest, face, umbilicus, back, and groin

52
Q

pilonidal cyst

A

a closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of the back, sometimes noted at birth as a dimple

53
Q

polyp

A

a small stalklike growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk

54
Q

pressure ulcer

A

an inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin or over a bony prominence in the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part; decubitus ulcer or or pressure sore

55
Q

pruritus

A

itching

56
Q

psoriasis

A

a common, noninfectious, chronic disorder of the skin manifested by silvery-white scales covering round, raised, reddened plaques producing itching (pruritus)

57
Q

pustule

A

a small elevation of the skin filled with pus; a small abscess

58
Q

rosacea

A

chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects the skin of the middle third of the face. The individual has persistent redness over the areas of the face, nose, and cheeks

59
Q

scabies

A

a highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by the “human itch mite,” resulting in a rash, pruritus, and slightly raised thread-like skin lines

60
Q

scales

A

thin flakes of hardened epithelium shed from the epidermis

61
Q

scleroderma

A

gradual thickening of the dermis and swelling of the hands and feet to a state in which the skin is anchored to the underlying tissue

62
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

A small, slow-growing, noncancerous bump beneath the skin; may develop as a result of trauma or blocked glands in the skin

63
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

cyst filled with a cheesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland; epidermoid cyst

64
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

appears as brown or waxy yellow wartlike lesion(s) 5 to 20 mm in diameter, loosely attached to the skin surface

65
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

a chronic inflammatory connective-tissue disease affecting the skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs. The most striking symptom of the disease is the “butterfly rash” that appears on both cheeks, joined by a narrow band of rash across the nose

66
Q

telangiectasia

A

permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules. These dilated vessels may be visible through the skin as tiny red lines. Common causes include but are not limited to rosacea, elevated estrogen levels, and actinic damage

67
Q

tinea

A

more commonly known as ringworm, a chronic fungal infection of the skin that is characterized by scaling, itching, and sometimes painful lesions. The lesions are named according to the body part affected

68
Q

tinea capitis

A

ringworm of the scalp; more common in children

69
Q

tinea corporis

A

ringworm of the body; is characterized by round patches with elevated red borders of pustules, papules, or vesicles that affect the nonhairy skin of the body. The lesion actually looks like a circle and is raised

70
Q

tinea cruris

A

ringworm of the groin; also known as jock itch

71
Q

tinea pedis

A

ringworm of the foot; also known as athlete’s foot

72
Q

ulcer

A

a circumscribed, open sore or lesion that is accompanied by inflammation

73
Q

urticaria

A

a reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by severe itching (pruritis)

74
Q

vitiligo

A

A disease that causes the loss of skin color in blotches; occurs when pigment-producing cells die or stop functioning

75
Q

wart

A

a benign, circumscribed, elevated skin lesion that results from hypertrophy of the epidermis; caused by the human papilloma virus; also called verruca

76
Q

Wood’s lamp

A

an ultraviolet light used to examine the scalp and skin for the purpose of observing fungal spores

Integumentary System (3 decks)

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