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Integumentary System > Terms, Conditions & Treatments > Flashcards

Terms, Conditions & Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

abrasion

A

a scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area

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2
Q

abscess

A

a localized collection of pus in any body part that results from an invasion of pus-forming bacteria

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3
Q

actinic keratosis

A

a premalignant, gray or red-to-brown, hardened lesion caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; also called solar keratosis

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4
Q

blister

A

a small, thin-walled skin lesion containing fluid; a vesicle

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5
Q

bulla

A

a large blister (or vesicle)

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6
Q

carbuncle

A

a circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface

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7
Q

carcinoma, basal cell

A

a malignant epithelial cell tumor that begins as a slightly elevated nodule with a depression or ulceration in the center that becomes more obvious as the tumor grows. As the depression enlarges, the tissue breaks down, crusts, and bleeds

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8
Q

carcinoma, squamous cell

A

a malignancy of the squamous (or scalelike) cells of the epithelial tissue, which is a much faster growing cancer than basal cell carcinoma and which has a greater potential for metastasis if not treated

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9
Q

circumscribed

A

confined to a limited space or well-definite area

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10
Q

comedo

A

typical lesion of acne vulgaris, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of the hair follicle; closed comedo is a whitehead, open comedo is a blackhead

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11
Q

cryosurgery

A

the destruction of tissue by rapid freezing with substances such as liquid nitrogen

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12
Q

curettage

A

process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material.

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13
Q

curettage and electrodesiccation

A

a combination procedure of curettage that involves scraping away abnormal tissue and electrodesiccation, which involves destroying the tumor base with a low-voltage electrode

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14
Q

cyst

A

a closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semi-fluid, or solid material

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15
Q

debridement

A

removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing

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16
Q

dermatoplasty

A

skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by injury or disease

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17
Q

ecchymosis

A

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

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18
Q

electrodesiccation

A

a technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions; also called fulguration

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19
Q

epithelium

A

the tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body

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20
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin due to capillary dilation. An example of erythema is nervous blushing or a mild sunburn

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21
Q

escharotomy

A

an incision made into the necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn

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22
Q

exanthematous viral diseases

A

a skin eruption or rash accompanied by inflammation, having specific diagnostic features of an infectious viral disease

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23
Q

fissure

A

a crack-like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane

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24
Q

fistula

A

an abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (e.g. rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface

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25
furnucle
a localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle, characterized by pain, redness, and swelling; a boil
26
gangrene
tissue death due to the loss of adequate blood supply, invasion of bacteria, and subsequent decay of enzymes (especially proteins) producing an offensive, foul odor
27
hemangioma
a bright red birthmark that shows up at birth or in the first or second week of life. It looks like a rubbery bump and is made up of extra blood vessels in the skin. A hemangioma can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly appears on the face, scalp, chest or back
28
herpes zoster
an acute viral infection characterized by painful vesicular eruptions on the skin following along the nerve pathways of underlying spinal or cranial nerves
29
hirsutism
excessive hair growth on unexpected areas of the body, such as on the face, chest, and back; can result from excess male hormones, called androgens. This may occur with certain medical conditions. It may also be inherited
30
histamine
a substance (found in all cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions
31
hives
circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions in the skin that are paler in the center than the surrounding edges; wheal
32
hydrocele
a collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac of the male
33
hyperkeratosis
an overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis
34
impetigo
contagious superficial skin infection characterized by serous vesicles and pustules filled with millions of staphylococcus or streptococcus bacteria, usually forming on the face
35
Kaposi’s sarcoma
a locally destructive malignant neoplasm of the blood vessels associated with AIDS, typically forming lesions on the skin, visceral organs, or mucous membranes. These lesions appear initially as tiny red to purple macules and evolve into sizable nodules or plaques
36
keloid
an enlarged, irregularly shaped, and elevated scar that forms due to the presence of large amounts of collagen during the formation of the scar
37
keratolytic
an agent used to break down or loosen the horny (hardened) layer of the skin
38
keratosis
skin condition in which there is a thickening and overgrowth of the cornified epithelium
39
laceration
a tear in the skin; a torn, jagged wound
40
lesion
any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a would, sore, rash or boil
41
leukoplakia
white, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis
42
macule
a small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed; common examples include bruises, freckles, and the rashes of measles and roseola
43
malignant melanoma
malignant skin tumor originating from melanocytes in preexisting nevi, freckles, or skin with pigment; darkly pigmented cancerous tumor
44
nevus
a visual accumulation of melanocytes, creating a flat or raised rounded macule or papule with definite borders; also called a mole
45
nodule
a small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin; a small node
46
onychocryptosis
ingrown nail. The nail pierces the lateral fold of skin and grows into the dermis, causing swelling and pain
47
onychomycosis
any fungal infection of the nails
48
palpable
a small, solid circumscribed elevation on the skin
49
paronchia
an infection of the tissue adjacent to a nail, most often a fingernail. It's caused by injury or irritation, such as a hangnail, cuticle damage, or continually wet hands
50
pediculosis
a highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by blood-sucking lice
51
pemphigus
a rare incurable disorder manifested by blisters in the mouth and on the skin which spread to involve large areas of the body, including the chest, face, umbilicus, back, and groin
52
pilonidal cyst
a closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of the back, sometimes noted at birth as a dimple
53
polyp
a small stalklike growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk
54
pressure ulcer
an inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin or over a bony prominence in the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part; decubitus ulcer or or pressure sore
55
pruritus
itching
56
psoriasis
a common, noninfectious, chronic disorder of the skin manifested by silvery-white scales covering round, raised, reddened plaques producing itching (pruritus)
57
pustule
a small elevation of the skin filled with pus; a small abscess
58
rosacea
chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects the skin of the middle third of the face. The individual has persistent redness over the areas of the face, nose, and cheeks
59
scabies
a highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by the “human itch mite,” resulting in a rash, pruritus, and slightly raised thread-like skin lines
60
scales
thin flakes of hardened epithelium shed from the epidermis
61
scleroderma
gradual thickening of the dermis and swelling of the hands and feet to a state in which the skin is anchored to the underlying tissue
62
sebaceous cyst
A small, slow-growing, noncancerous bump beneath the skin; may develop as a result of trauma or blocked glands in the skin
63
sebaceous cyst
cyst filled with a cheesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland; epidermoid cyst
64
seborrheic keratosis
appears as brown or waxy yellow wartlike lesion(s) 5 to 20 mm in diameter, loosely attached to the skin surface
65
systemic lupus erythematosus
a chronic inflammatory connective-tissue disease affecting the skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs. The most striking symptom of the disease is the “butterfly rash” that appears on both cheeks, joined by a narrow band of rash across the nose
66
telangiectasia
permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules. These dilated vessels may be visible through the skin as tiny red lines. Common causes include but are not limited to rosacea, elevated estrogen levels, and actinic damage
67
tinea
more commonly known as ringworm, a chronic fungal infection of the skin that is characterized by scaling, itching, and sometimes painful lesions. The lesions are named according to the body part affected
68
tinea capitis
ringworm of the scalp; more common in children
69
tinea corporis
ringworm of the body; is characterized by round patches with elevated red borders of pustules, papules, or vesicles that affect the nonhairy skin of the body. The lesion actually looks like a circle and is raised
70
tinea cruris
ringworm of the groin; also known as jock itch
71
tinea pedis
ringworm of the foot; also known as athlete’s foot
72
ulcer
a circumscribed, open sore or lesion that is accompanied by inflammation
73
urticaria
a reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by severe itching (pruritis)
74
vitiligo
A disease that causes the loss of skin color in blotches; occurs when pigment-producing cells die or stop functioning
75
wart
a benign, circumscribed, elevated skin lesion that results from hypertrophy of the epidermis; caused by the human papilloma virus; also called verruca
76
Wood’s lamp
an ultraviolet light used to examine the scalp and skin for the purpose of observing fungal spores

Integumentary System (3 decks)

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