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Biomedical: Word Elements > Terms & Conditions > Flashcards

Terms & Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

acrodermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin in the extremities

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2
Q

allogenic

A

pertaining to originating from a different origin, as in a transplant of tissue from a matching donor but not of the individual (recipient)

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3
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation

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4
Q

analgesia

A

insensibility to pain (without loss of consciousness)

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5
Q

anaplasia

A

a change in the structure/organization of cells, characterized by a loss of differentiation and a reversion to a more primitive form

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6
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

a type of arthritis that affects the vertebral column and causes deformities of the spine

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7
Q

aplasia

A

a developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue

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8
Q

arthodesis

A

the surgical fusion of a joint

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9
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in the joints; a symptom present in many joint diseases

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10
Q

ataxia

A

without muscular coordination

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11
Q

ataxia

A

without muscular coordination

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12
Q

atrophy

A

wasting away; literally “without development”

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13
Q

bone marrow aspiration

A

the process of removing a small sample of bone marrow from a selected site with a needle for the purpose of examining the specimen under a microscope

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14
Q

bone scan

A

the intravenous injection of a radioisotope, which is absorbed by bone tissue. After approximately 3 hours, the skeleton is scanned with a gamma camera (scanner) moving from one end of the body to the other. The scanner detects the areas of radioactive concentration (areas where the bone absorbs the isotope) and converts the radioactive image to a screen on which the concentrations show up as pinpoint dots cast in the image of a skeleton

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15
Q

bradykinesia

A

abnormally slow movement

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16
Q

bradykinesia

A

abnormally slow movement

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17
Q

cardialgia

A

pain in the heart

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18
Q

cardioarterial

A

pertaining to the heart and arteries

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19
Q

cardiocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the heart

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20
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

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21
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

pertaining to the heart and lungs

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22
Q

carditis

A

inflammation of the heart

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23
Q

cephalalgia

A

pain in the head

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24
Q

cephalodynia

A

pain in the head

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25
Q

contract/contraction

A

a reduction in size, especially of muscle fibers

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26
Q

contracture

A

an abnormal (usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position; usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers

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27
Q

costochondritis

A

inflammation of the rib cartilage of the anterior chest wall; characterized by pain and tenderness in the area

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28
Q

dermatoplasty

A

skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by injury or disease

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29
Q

dermatosis

A

condition of the skin

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30
Q

dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

A

a noninvasive procedure that measures bone density. In the DEXA procedure, an X-ray machine generates the energy photons that pass through the bones. A computer then evaluates the amount of radiation absorbed by the bones, and the findings are interpreted by a physician

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31
Q

dyskinesia

A

a condition in which there is impairment of voluntary movement; “bad” or difficult movement

32
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual flow

33
Q

dysplasia

A

any abnormal development of cells, tissues or organs (“disordered formation”)

34
Q

electrodesiccation

A

a technique using an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions

35
Q

endocardium

A

within the heart, the inner lining of the heart

36
Q

epicondylitis

A

painful inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow; also known as tennis elbow

37
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

a malignant tumor of the bones common to young adults, particularly adolescent boys

38
Q

fibromyalgia

A

a chronic condition that is characterized by widespread muscle pain throughout much of the body, muscle spasms, fatigue, and muscle stiffness; the pain may begin gradually or have a sudden onset; the condition affects women more than men

39
Q

gastralgia

A

pain in the stomach

40
Q

gastric

A

pertaining to the stomach

41
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

42
Q

gastronomy

A

creating a new opening into the stomach

43
Q

hematopoisis

A

the normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone

44
Q

hemiparesis

A

slight or partial paralysis of one half of the body (i.e. left or right)

45
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one half of the body (i.e. left or right)

46
Q

herniated nucleus pulposus

A

occurs when the soft center of a spinal disc pushed through a crack in the tougher exterior casing; also called a herniated disc

47
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

condition of excessive sweating

48
Q

hyperplasia

A

an increase in the number of cells of a body part (“excessive formation”)

49
Q

hypodermic

A

of or relating to parts beneath the skin

50
Q

hysterosalpingectomy

A

removal of the uterus and fallopian tubes

51
Q

intracardiac

A

pertaining to within the heart (to the interior of the heart chambers)

52
Q

kyphosis

A

humpback

53
Q

leukocytopenia

A

low white blood cell count

54
Q

lordosis

A

a forward curvature of the spine, noticeable if the person is observed from the side

55
Q

malabsorption

A

impaired absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract

56
Q

myocele

A

herniation of muscle through the fascia surrounding it

57
Q

myoparesis

A

slight or partial paralysis of a muscle

58
Q

nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and throat

59
Q

osteochondroma

A

the most common benign bone tumor. The femur and the tibia are most frequently involved

60
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

a malignant tumor arising from bone; also known as osteosarcoma, it is the most common malignant bone tumor, with common sites being the distal femur (just above the knee) the proximal tibia (just below the knee) and the proximal humerus (just below the shoulder joint)

61
Q

osteomalacia

A

a disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood (which is necessary for bone mineralization). This disease results in fractures and noticeable deformities of the weight-bearing bones; when it occurs in children, it is called rickets

62
Q

osteomyelitis

A

a local or generalized infection of the bone and bone marrow, resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread to the bone tissue through the blood

63
Q

osteonecrosis

A

the death of bone tissue; possibly from trauma or some disease process

64
Q

osteoporosis

A

literally means porous bones; bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density

65
Q

Paget’s disease

A

a nonmetabolic disease of the bone, characterized by excessive bone destruction (breakdown of bone tissue by the osteoclasts) and unorganized bone formation by the osteoblasts. The bone is weak and prone to fractures. After symptoms are present, the diseased bone takes on a characteristic mosaic pattern that can be detected with X-ray or bone scan; also known as osteitis deformans

66
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of the lower extremities, usually due to spinal cord injuries

67
Q

pelvic girdle weakness

A

weakness of the muscles of the pelvic girdle (the muscles that extend the hip and knee); in muscular dystrophy, the pelvic girdle weakness causes the child to use one or both hands to assist in rising from a sitting position by “walking” the hands up the lower extremities until he/she is in an upright position

68
Q

pericardial

A

pertaining to around the heart (the pericardium)

69
Q

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

A

a form of muscular dystrophy that is characterized by progressive weakness and muscle fiber degeneration without evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue; also known as Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

70
Q

purulent

A

containing pus

71
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four extremities and the trunk of the body; caused by injury to the spinal cord at the level of the cervical vertebrae

72
Q

sarcopenia

A

a loss of skeletal muscle mass that occurs with aging; it is seen more in people who are inactive; prevention and treatment measures that have been shown to be useful are resistance training or strength training exercises

73
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of the vertebral canal, nerve root canals, or intervertebral foramini (openings) of the lumbar spinal canal; the narrowing causes pressure on the nerve roots prior to their exit from the foramini

74
Q

stenosis

A

an abnormal condition characterized by a narrowing or restriction of an opening or passageway in a body structure

75
Q

subluxation

A

an incomplete dislocation (of a bone from the joint)

76
Q

synovectomy

A

surgical removal of the synovial membrane from a joint

77
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

clubfoot

Biomedical: Word Elements (7 decks)

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