Terms: AS4 Flashcards
AAA Song Form
Consists of multiple verses that does not contain a Chorus or Bridge (“Bridge Over Troubled Water.”)
AABA Form
32-bar song form
Some Tin Pan Alley songs composed as numbers for musicals precede the main tune with what was called a “sectional verse” or “introductory verse” in the terminology of the early 20th century.
AB or Verse/Chorus Form
- AB form puts the entire emphasis on the Chorus
- Been around since the 19th century
- Most pop songs from the classic rock period forward are written in AB Song Form
Eastman-Style Dictation Technique
Acclimate
Memorize
Analyze
Aeolian
1 - 2 - b3 - 4 - 5 - b6 - b7 - 1
Arpeggiation
Process of defining a tonal key by humming or singing do-mi-sol or 1-3-5
Avoid Note
- In jazz theory
- Is a scale degree considered especially dissonant relative to the harmony implied by the root chord, and is thus better to be avoided
Bird’s Eye
A fermata
Blues Scale
1 - b3 - 4 - Blue - 5 - b7 - 1
Chromatic Mediant
- Third relation
- Chords or keys that are a M3 or m3 apart
Cut Off, Mute or Choke
A chord is struck and muted
Diamond
Strike a chord and let it ring for the written duration
Dorian
Natural Minor
1-2-b3-4-5-6-b7-1
Invisible Barline
- A line that separates the measure in half
- Makes reading music easier
- Shows where the strong beats are.
Ionian
Major
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-1
Jazz Convention
The playing assumption of a major scale, where alterations if any are notated as raised (#) or lowered (b) pitches from that major scale.
Locrian
1- b2 - b3 - 4 - b5 - b6 - b7 - 1
Lydian
1 - 2 - 3 - #4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 1
Major Pentatonic
1 - 2 - 3 - 5 - 6 - 1
Minor Pentatonic
1 - b3 - 4 - 5 - b7 - 1
Mixolydian
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - b7 - 1
Phrygian
1 - b2 - b3 - 4 - 5 - b6 - b7 - 1
Push
Anticipation
Safety
Section in a musical that can be repeated indefinitely until the actor is ready to sing.
Early musicals used “turn around” progressions
Split Bar
-When more than one chord is written within a measure
If there is an uneven number of chords per bar, small hash marks are written over the chord, showing how many beats each chord receives
Spread Voicings
Open-position jazz chords containing the essentials of its idiomatic tonality, including the root, third and seventh (guide tones) with the addition of chord extensions such as the 9th, 11th or 13th
Torch Song
- A sentimental love song whereby the singer laments of unrequited or lost love
- Either one party is oblivious to the existence of the other, one party has moved on, or where a romantic affair has affected the relationship
Tritone Substitution Chord
A chord of reharmonization or chord substitution whereby the root of a dominant 7th chord has its root a tritone away from the original
Turn Around
Normally a iii-vi-ii-V-I or circle of fifths progression, best known in jazz standards
Walkups and Walkdowns
Ascending or descending scalar chord progression
Blue Note
Primarily b5 or #4 of a blues scale
Dies Irae (Day of Wrath)
Used in the Roman liturgy as the sequence for the Requiem Mass for centuries, it is one of the most-quoted melodies in all of musical literature. It appears not only
in the works of many classical composers, but modern-day Hollywood composers as well.
Extensions
9th, 11th 13th extending above 7th chords
Ground Bass
From the Baroque era, basso ostinato was incorporated into more rigorously structured forms of continuous variation, such as the chaconne and passacaglia.
