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English 12 > Terms and devices > Flashcards

Terms and devices Flashcards

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1
Q

external conflict

A

a struggle between two opposing characters or forces

ex. harry potter vs. voldemort

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2
Q

extended metaphor

A

all or part of a poem consisting of a series of related metaphors
ex. keep relating back to an object

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3
Q

allegory

A

like symbolism; used to preach a moral lesson

ex. “animal farm” all the animals represent a big idea

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4
Q

anti-climax

A

disappointing outcome

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5
Q

apostrophe

A

oh, romeo rome a.
where for art thou romeo
- starts with oh

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6
Q

anecdotal evidence

A

not reliable - based on personal accounts not fact/science

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7
Q

archaic language

A

language belonging to an earlier imd

ex. thou art foul

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8
Q

cacophany

A

harsh mix of sounds

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9
Q

characterization

A

representation of a character

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10
Q

didactic

A

intended to teach a moral lesson using tone

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11
Q

direct presentation

A

two or more people talking/presenting to each other

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12
Q

elegy

A

poem or song for the dead

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13
Q

epilogue

A

section at the end of story or play

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14
Q

epitaph

A

parse written in memory of a person - tombestone

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15
Q

epigram

A

humour or contradiction to make a witty remark

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16
Q

euphony

A

make easy to pronounce together

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17
Q

assonance

A

a kind of alliteration ; the repetition of sounds made by vowels in a sentence of phrase
ex. a hard walk - aaaa

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18
Q

antithesis

A

when two opposites are introduced in a sentence for contrasting effect
ex. many are called, but few are chosen

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19
Q

active voice

A

the verb in which the subject of the sentence actually does something
ex. he ran a marathon. she lifts weights

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20
Q

analogy

A

a comparison between two things like a metaphor or a simile

ex. mitten is to hand as sock is to foot

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21
Q

autobiography

A

the story of a persons life written by that person, like a diary but in third person

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22
Q

audience

A

the people the author is writing for

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23
Q

atmosphere

A

the tone/feeling of the story; how it makes you feel

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24
Q

antagonist

A

the main characters rival in the story

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25
Q

aside

A

during a play when a character makes a comment to the audience but not the other characters

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26
Q

argumentative essay

A

to make an argument by taking a stand on one side and backing that argument with sufficient evidence

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27
Q

allusion

A

a figure of speech that makes a reference to well know people, places of things.
ex. he nose should’ve grown like pinochios

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28
Q

alliteration

A

the repetition of the same sounds in a sentence

ex. she sell sea shells by the see shore
ex. the lion lay licking it’s lips

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29
Q

blank verse

A

poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. resembles ordinary speech
ex. mos tof Shakespeare’s work

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30
Q

bias

A

a skewed perspective leaning to one side of an issue

ex. have a bias if your friend is ageing against a person you’ve never met

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31
Q

biography

A

a story of a persons life written by another person

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32
Q

consonance

A

the repetition of consonant sounds before and after differing vowels
ex. flip-flop, feel- fill
OR
the repetition of a consonant sound at the ends of words only
ex. east-west, hid-bed

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33
Q

connotation

A

a second or associated meaning o a sentence or word

ex. dove (peace)
ex. babe/broad/chick(woman)

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34
Q

couplet

A

two consecutive lines of poetry that usually rhyme and have the same meter

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35
Q

character foil

A

a char a foil is a character who contrasts with another character in order to highlight particular qualities of the other character. A foil usually either differs drastically or is extremely similar but with a key difference setting them apart
ex. sherlock +watson

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36
Q

climatic order

A

organization from one extreme to another

ex. least to most important

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37
Q

case study

A

a detailed analysis of a person or group

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38
Q

comedy

A

a light amusing play/story where the main character gets his/her intended/wished outcome

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39
Q

colloquial language

A

slang

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40
Q

comparison

A

comparing two or more like items

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41
Q

caricature

A

to represent or imitate in an exaggerated distorted manner

ex. pictures in trolls

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42
Q

chronological order

A

a sequence according to time of occurrence

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43
Q

chorus

A

a group of people singing or speaking in unison

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44
Q

catastrophe

A

a large scale disaster

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45
Q

climax

A

the high point of interest or suspense in a novel, story, or play

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46
Q

character

A

someone a story follows

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47
Q

cause and effect

A

cause; someones actions, effect; the outcome of said actions have on others

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48
Q

conflict

A

a problem the protagonist of a story has that stops him/her from achieving their wished outcomes

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49
Q

comic relief

A

a humorous scene that relieves tension in serious works

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50
Q

colloquialism

A

to have a casual, realized conversation often using slang-like words

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51
Q

historical reference

A

a reference to a historical even

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52
Q

fantasy

A

literature containing character and plot involving magic and invented characters

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53
Q

foreshadowing

A

a sentence/event that may hint to what will happen later on in the story

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54
Q

juxtaposition

A

contrasting two different people, concepts, places, ideas, or themes
ex. the porters scene juxtaposed dun cans death in macbeth

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55
Q

formal language

A

the use of “high” language, academic language

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56
Q

flat character

A

a minor character whoa you don’t know a lot about

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57
Q

form

A

the structure of a piece of writing

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58
Q

formal essay

A

an essay that uses academic language, logical organization and serious purpose

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59
Q

free verse

A

a poem that has no limitations in its use of meter or rhyme

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60
Q

hero

A

central character in a story who ‘saves the day’

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61
Q

genre

A

a category of literary work

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62
Q

graphic text

A

a combination of pictures and words to tell a story

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63
Q

theme

A

the message/focus of a story/piece of writing

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64
Q

understatement

A

a casual comment that does not fully describe the situation

ex. we had a little rain - in a flooded area this is said

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65
Q

pathos

A

an emotional appeal, uses emotion

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66
Q

tragedy

A

a series of unfortunate events effecting the characters of a story

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67
Q

tone

A

the mood/atmosphere an author is trying to convey

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68
Q

image

A

concrete details forming a clear picture in your mind

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69
Q

voice

A

the authors style that makes their writing unique

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70
Q

informal essay

A

an essay that doesn’t follow specific structure. casual language is allowed
ex. rough drafts, or writing to a friend

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71
Q

informal language

A

casual everyday language

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72
Q

wit

A

humorous writing, usually cunning

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73
Q

internal conflict

A

a struggle that takes place within the main characters mind

74
Q

parody

A

a humorous imitation of someone else’s work

75
Q

jargon

A

language used specifically in certain fields/jobs

ex. sailors - porte, starboard

76
Q

internal rhyme

A

a rhyme thats in the same line

ex. the kite flew very light in the air

77
Q

literal language

A

what is said is based exactly in reality

ex. the snow is white

78
Q

lyric

A

a short poem intended to mainly express a state of mind or feeling
ex. stanzas in a song

79
Q

monologue

A

an extended speech by one character

80
Q

mystery

A

a suspense story trying to figure out a crime

81
Q

myth

A

a traditional story or legend typically concerning early history or social phenomenon

82
Q

narrative

A

a story or tale

83
Q

characterization

A

when describing a character/bringing them to life

84
Q

figurative language

A

creating vivid impressions by comparing dissimilar things

85
Q

flashback

A

a scene that happened before the story began

86
Q

first person point of view

A

a character in the story os narrating the story

87
Q

personification

A

a human characteristic given to an inanimate object

88
Q

imagery

A

using detail descriptors to paint out a picture with words

89
Q

metaphor

A

a direct comparison of two different things

ex. he’s a bull

90
Q

octave

A

an eight lines stanza

91
Q

mood

A

the feeling the reader gets from reading the story/passage

92
Q

narration

A

the telling of a story by writing

93
Q

personal essay

A

a first person narrative about a personal topic

94
Q

persuasive essay

A

an essay meant to persuade the reader in a certain direction

95
Q

persuasive techniques

A

strategies a writing may use to help convince readers

ex. ethos, pathos, logos

96
Q

pro and con argument

A

expressing arguments that are both for and against a position

97
Q

purpose

A

what the writer is trying to achieve through the writing

98
Q

repetition

A

when a particular word or phrase is repeated several times to emphasize an idea

99
Q

research

A

a careful investigation using several sources

100
Q

resolution

A

a part of a story after the climax that ties up loose ends

101
Q

narrator

A

the voice telling the story

102
Q

plot

A

a sequence of events that create a story

103
Q

protagonist

A

the main character of the story

104
Q

point of view

A

the perspective story is told from

105
Q

pun

A

a play on words that have similar sounds but different meaning
ex. i have a job crushing pop cans. its soda pressing.

106
Q

rhyme

A

when two or more words sound similar/have the same ending

107
Q

suspense

A

a feeling of curiosity or uncertainty about the outcome of events

108
Q

rhetorical question

A

a question that does not require an answer because it’s so obvious

109
Q

rhyme sceme

A

the pattern of rhyme

110
Q

rhythm

A

a pattern of stressed an unstressed sounds in poetry

111
Q

rising action

A

that events that build up to the climax of the story

112
Q

smilie

A

a comparison using like or as

113
Q

round character

A

a character with many attributes

114
Q

sarcasm

A

crude mockery

115
Q

setting

A

the time place and mood of a story

116
Q

symbol

A

several layers of meaning concealed at first

117
Q

slang

A

informal vocabulary

118
Q

stereotype

A

a conventional formulaic concept that you would expect from a per on because they are proem a specific group

119
Q

static character

A

a character that does not change throughout the story

120
Q

stanza

A

a paragraph of a poem or song

121
Q

speaker

A

in poems usually

122
Q

falling action

A

occurs after the climax of a work of literature

123
Q

thesis

A

main argument of an essay

124
Q

symbolism

A

the use of a symbol to convey a meaning

125
Q

thesis statement

A

a statement presenting the thesis

126
Q

cliche

A

an over used expression, idea, or element of an artist

127
Q

contrast

A

when the things are opposite or dissimilar to eachother

128
Q

compare and contrast

A

to analyse the similarities between two different things

129
Q

denotation

A

the direct meaning of a word or sentence

ex. wind=air in natural motion

130
Q

denouement

A

the plot following the climax, wrapping up the story

131
Q

dramatic irony

A

the characters in a story don’t know what will happen by the audience does

132
Q

diction

A

an authors choice of words, devices, sentences ext. that combine to help create meaning

133
Q

dissonance

A

opposite of assonance and consonance; it has a harsh unpleasant sound
ex. my stick fingers click with a snicker and clunking they knuckle to keys

134
Q

dilema

A

a problem that characters face in a story

135
Q

dramatic form

A

the way a story is told

136
Q

dynamic character

A

a character who goes through a change in the story

137
Q

dramatic monologue

A

when a character addresses a distinct but silent audience imagined to be present in the poem revealing a dramatic situation

138
Q

diary

A

a regularly kept record of events in a persons life

139
Q

drama

A

to act or preform usually in theatres - or a genre type

140
Q

dialect

A 
a type of informational diction
ex. can be used to differentiate between high sand low class people
141
Q

dialogue

A

the verbal exchange between characters

142
Q

descriptive essay

A

an essay full of descriptions………………

143
Q

exposition

A

As applied to drama and to other forms of fiction, “exposition is the introductory material that creates the tone, gives the setting, introduces the characters, and supplies other facts necessary to understanding”

144
Q

euphemism

A

a way to softy describe a harsh situation

ex. person passed away opposed to they died

145
Q

expository essay

A

present complete and fair views, or to report on event. no opinions

146
Q

expert testimony

A

an opinion from a person highly educated in a specific field

147
Q

epic

A

a long poem typically narrating the deeds of heroic or legendary figures

148
Q

emotional appeal

A

pathos - to appeal someones emotions usually to persuade

149
Q

editorial

A

and article in the newspaper or other print presenting the opinions of the publisher

150
Q

epiphany

A

when a character has a sudden deep realization about themselves or the situation

151
Q

oxymoron

A

a contradictory statement

ex. bittersweet
ex. jumbo shrimp

152
Q

onomatopoeia

A

words that sounds like the sound they make

ex. bang

153
Q

surprise ending

A

a ending that was not expected

154
Q

stylistic technique

A

the techniques used by the author in their writing

155
Q

stock/stereotype character

A

a one dimensional character that contains a known stereotype
ex. dumb blonde

156
Q

style

A

the characteristics of an authors writing

157
Q

parallelism

A

when similar phrases or clauses are placed together

they PLAY games and RIDE horse…….

158
Q

paradox

A

a statement that seems contradictory but can be insightful

ex. the only rule is there are no rules

159
Q

irony

A

a literary term referring to how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would actually seem. Many times it is the exact opposite of what it appears to be. There are many types of irony, the three most common being verbal irony, dramatic irony, and cosmic irony.

ex. In Julius Caesar, Marc Antony’s reference to Brutus being an honorable man is an example of verbal irony.
ex. Dramatic irony occurs when facts are not known to the characters in a work of literature but are known by the audience
ex. Cosmic irony suggests that some unknown force brings about dire and dreadful events

160
Q

refrain

A

a line or lines that are repeated in music or verse

161
Q

soliloquy

A

an alone character on stage who utters their thoughts aloud

ex. a lot in hamlet

162
Q

passive voice

A

a verb in which the subject of the sentence receives the action

ex. the child was FOUND in his hiding place
ex. she was SEEN running

163
Q

propaganda

A

biased writing meant to sway an audience to a certain point of view
ex. WWI posters

164
Q

objective point of view

A

the reader has no access to thoughts or emotions or characters, just their actions

165
Q

omniscient point of view

A

third person point of view, can enter any characters mind at any time and give the audience an insight

166
Q

third person point of view

A

from an outside perspective/observer watching the characters

167
Q

sonnet

A

a fourteen line poem usually in iambic pentameter

168
Q

satire

A

literary work that ridicules or scorns human actions or work

ex. south park

169
Q

iambic pentameter

A

five unstressed then stressed syllables in a row
da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM
ex. shakespeare

170
Q

meter

A

the pattern of syllables in a line of poetry

171
Q

limited omniscient point of view

A

in third person but only tells the thoughts and feelings of the main character

172
Q

objective

A

giving facts without bias

173
Q

subjective

A

can be interpreted in different ways

174
Q

hyperbole

A

an exaggerated statement that is not supposed to be taken literally
ex. i nearly died i laughed to hard

175
Q

fable

A

a short moral story, esp one with animals as characters.

176
Q

farce

A

a light, humorous play in which the plot depends upon a skillfully exploited situation rather than upon the development of character

177
Q

frame story

A

a secondary story or stories embedded in the main story

178
Q

idiom

A

An idiom is a word or phrase that is not taken literally

ex. A chip on your shoulder - means you think you know a lot
ex. Rub someone the wrong way - meaning to annoy or bother
ex. “The blues” can refer to both a style of music and feeling sad.

179
Q

interior monologue

A

A passage of writing presenting a character’s inner thoughts and emotions in a direct, sometimes disjointed or fragmentary manner.

180
Q

indeterminate ending

A

an ending to a work in which the central conflict is left unresolved
ex. a cliffhanger

English 12 (1 decks)

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