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Psychiatry > Terms and Definitions > Flashcards

Terms and Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Dysthymia

A

A chronic state of low mood, usually with an insidious onset lasting at least 2 years

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2
Q

Euthymia

A

Normal, non-depressed, reasonably positive mood

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3
Q

Mood

A

A person’s predominant feeling at a given time (season/climate)

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4
Q

Affect

A

Short-lived, observable pattern of behaviour that expresses the subjective emotional state of an individual (weather)

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5
Q

Alexithymia

A

Inability to express one’s emotions

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6
Q

Anhedonia

A

Total inability to enjoy life

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7
Q

Psychomotor retardation

A
  • Abnormal stillness
  • Abnormally slow walking
  • Abnormally long time to initiate movement
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8
Q

Flight of ideas

A
  • Rapid flow of thought
  • Accelerated speech with abrupt changes in topic
  • Loss of normal structure of thought
  • Muddled
  • Often seen in manic patients
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9
Q

Pressure of Speech

A
  • Subjects talk too much
  • Pressure to get words out
  • Fast, loud speech with unnecessary words
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10
Q

Depersonalisation

A
  • Peculiar change in awareness of self
  • Patient feels unreal and detached
  • Retains some understanding and understands condition is abnormal
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11
Q

Illusion

A

A false perception of a real stimulus

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12
Q

Affect illusion

A

Emotional state leads to the incorrect interpretation of a shadow

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13
Q

Pareidolia

A

Perceive formed objects from ambiguous stimuli - penis in clouds

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14
Q

Completion illusion

A

Due to inattention, an incomplete object is perceived as complete

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15
Q

Pseudohallucination

A
  • Perceptual experience that is not concretely real

- Lack qualities of full real perceptions

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16
Q

Hallucination

A
  • False perception that occurs in the absence of a stimulus

- Person experiencing has fully real experience

17
Q

Thought Echo

A
  • As if own thoughts are being spoken out loud

- May have slight change in echo

18
Q

Thought Withdrawal

A

Subject feels that thoughts have been removed from head by an external agency so has no thoughts

19
Q

Thought Broadcast

A
  • Subject feels that thoughts are being shared with others

- Often with large numbers of people via telepathy, radio or TV

20
Q

Delusion

A

A fixed, firmly held belief that is held with unshakeable condition despite overwhelming evidence by the subject’s cultural/religious background

21
Q

Delusions of control/passivity

A

Subjects thoughts, feelings, actions are not their own but are being imposed/controlled by an outside force

22
Q

Delusional perception

A
  • Patient receives normal perception which is then associated and interpreted with delusional meaning and has immense personal meaning
  • Associating normal perception with something ridiculous like seeing a red car means that you’re going to die in 17 days
23
Q

Negative symptoms

A
  • Poverty of speech, flat affect, poor motivation and poor attention
  • Can result in low activity levels and poor self-care
  • Common in chronic schizophrenia
24
Q

Clouding of consciousness

A
  • Deterioration in thinking attention, perception and memory

- Drowsiness and reduced awareness of environment

25
Q

Lability

A
  • Subject’s affect is rapidly changeable and there are marked fluctuations
  • Emotional incontinence in extreme form
26
Q

Nihilistic Delusions

A

Delusion of being dead, no longer existing, about to die or experience terrible doom

27
Q

Grandiose Delusions

A

Delusions of being of a special status, special powers, special purpose i.e. the chosen one

28
Q

Aphasia

A

Mute

29
Q

Concrete thinking

A

Inability to understand abstract ideas or concepts, literalness of understanding or expression

30
Q

2nd person auditory hallucinations

A

Voices talk to subject

31
Q

3rd person auditory hallucinations

A

Voices talk to each other about subject

32
Q

Ideas of reference

A

Delusional belief that innocuous events or coincidences are directly linked and have personal significance to the subject - paranoia usually

33
Q

Loosening of associations

A
  • Loss of normal structured thinking
  • Subjects thoughts are muddled and illogical without clarity
  • Thought disorder
34
Q

Neologisms

A

New words that have no real meaning

35
Q

Perseveration

A
  • Repetition of a particular response despite the absence or cessation of the stimulus
  • Often seen in organic brain disorders

Psychiatry (6 decks)

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