Terms and Definitions

Question 1

Air Embolism

Answer 1

Obstruction of the circulation system by air that has gained entrance to veins

Question 2

Anastomosis

Answer 2

Surgical formation of a passage between two blood vessels

Question 3

Anoxic

Answer 3

Suffering from a reduced supply of oxygen

Question 4

Aseptic Technique

Answer 4

A mechanism employed to reduce potential contamination

Question 5

Aseptic Preparation

Answer 5

A procedure designed to preclude contamination by microorganisms

Question 6

Apirate

Answer 6

To draw by suction- typically performed prior to injection by drawing blood through a syringe

Question 7

Artery

Answer 7

A vessel that carries blood from the heart through the body

Question 8

Back check valve

Answer 8

Device in primary tubing that assists in preventing backflow of secondary fluid into the primary line

Question 9

Bactericidal

Answer 9

Destruction of bacteria

Question 10

Bacteriostatic

Answer 10

Inhibiting or slowing the growth of bacteria

Question 11

Blanching

Answer 11

Occurs when the skin takes on a whiteish appearance as blood flow to the region is prevented. This can be indicative of IV extravasation

Question 12

Bolus

Answer 12

A dose of a substance (such as a drug) given intravenously; specifically, a large dose given for the purpose of rapidly achieving the needed therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream (sometimes referred to as “IV push”). Med given quickly to elicit a rapid response from the medication being administered or increase level of med within the blood system

Question 13

Capillaries

Answer 13

Minute blood vessels that connect the smallest arterioles to the smallest venules. Have a single layer of epithelial cells enabling blood and tissue fluid the ability to exchange various substances (gases, fluids, electrolytes, salts and nutrients)

Question 14

CI
Continuous Infusion

Answer 14

uninterrupted injection of liquid into a vein

Question 15

Cannula

Answer 15

A flexible tube containing a needle which may be inserted into a blood vessel. The caliber or cannula is indicated in gauge, with 14 being a very large cannula and 24-26 the smallest. The most common sizes are 16-gauge (midsize line used for blood donation and transfusion) and 18- and 20-gauge (all-purpose line for infusions and blood draws). A sheath to infuse fluid into the vein.

Question 16

Cannula - ported

Answer 16

ported cannula has an injection port on the top for administering medicine

Question 17

Catheter

Answer 17

A hollow, flexible tube medical device for insertion into vessels to permit injection or withdrawal of fluids. The part of the catheter that remains outside the skin is called the connecting hub.

Question 18

Cellulitis

Answer 18

A skin infection caused by bacteria

Question 19

Central IV line

Answer 19

Flows through a catheter with its tip within a large vein.

Question 20

Central Vascular Access Device (CVAS)

Answer 20

A catheter inserted into a centrally located vein where the tip resides in the vena cava and permits either intermittent or continuous infusion or access to the venous system.

Question 21

Colloids

Answer 21

Fluids which contain larger insoluble molecules, such as gelatin, used in IV drips

Question 22

Colloidal

Answer 22

Suspension in which small particles are dispersed through the liquid.

Question 23

Compartment Syndrome

Answer 23

A painful condition resulting from the expansion of overgrowth of enclosed tissue within its anatomical enclosure producing pressure that interferes with circulation and adversely affects the function and health of the tissue itself. It can be caused by IV infiltration/extravasation and can result in nerve damage and/or amputation The condition often requires a fasciotomy to relieve the pressure.

Question 24

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Answer 24

CRPS is a chronic pain condition that is believed to be the result of dysfunction in the CNS and ONS. Typical features include dramatic changes in the color and temperature of the skin over the affected limb or body part, accompanied by intense burning pain, skin sensitivity, sweating, and swelling. CRPS is frequently triggered by tissue injury.

Question 25

Conscious Sedation

Answer 25

minimally depressed level of consciousness where the patient retains the ability to breathe independently and respond appropriately to physical stimulation and/or verbal commands