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terms and definitions Flashcards

1
Q

AC

A

alternating current

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2
Q

Air Deck

A

A blasting technique where a column of air is left above the explosive charge by using a plug

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3
Q

American Table of Distances

A

the quantity-distance table, for storage of explosive materials to determine safe distances from inhabited buildings, public highways, passenger railways, and other stored explosive materials

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4
Q

Ammonium Nitrate

A

the ammonium salt of nitric acid and fuel oil

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5
Q

Ampere

A

A unit of electrical Current produced by 1 volt acting through a resistance of one ohm

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6
Q

ANFO

A

An explosive material consisting of Ammonium Nitrate and Fuel oil

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7
Q

Approved, Approval, Authorized

A

given the ok by the authority having jurisdiction

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8
Q

Artificial Barricade

A

An artificial mound or Revetted wall of earth of a minimum 3 foot thickness

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9
Q

Authorized person

A

An Individual approved or signed by management to preform a specific duty/duties or to be at a specific location/locations

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10
Q

Authority having Jurisdiction

A

The governmental agency, office or individual responsible for approving equipment, an installation, or a procedure

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11
Q

Available Energy

A

The energy from an explosive material that is capable of preforming useful work

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12
Q

Back Break

A

Rock broken beyond the limits of the last row of holes in the blast

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13
Q

Ballistic Mortar

A

A lab instrument used for measuring the relative power of strength of an explosive material

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14
Q

Base Charge

A

The main explosive charge in the base of the detonator

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15
Q

Bench

A

A horizontal ledge in or at the top of a highwall from which holes are drilled vertically down into lifts

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16
Q

Bench Height

A

The vertical distance from the top of a bench to the top of the next lower bench

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17
Q

Black Powder

A

A low explosive compound of sulphur, charcoal, and an alkali nitrate usually potassium or sodium nitrate

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18
Q

Blast/Blasting

A

The firing of explosive materials for such purposes as breaking rocker other material, moving material, or generating seismic waves; the assembly of explosive materials for such purpose

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19
Q

Blast Area

A

The area of a blast within influence of flying rock missiles, gasses, and concussion

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20
Q

Blast pattern

A

The plan of drill holes laid out on a bench; and expression of the burden distance and the spacing distance and their relationship to each other

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21
Q

Blast site

A

The area where the explosive material is handled during loading, including the perimeter of the blast holes and 50 feet/ 15.24 meters in all directions from loaded holes or holes to be loaded

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22
Q

Blaster

A

The qualified person in charge of and responsible for the loading and firing of a blast

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23
Q

Blasting Accessories

A

non explosive devices and materials used in blasting ex… cap crimpers,tamping bags, blasting machines

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24
Q

Blasting Agent

A

An explosive material that meets the prescribed criteria for insensitivity to initiation

Any material or mixture, consisting of fuel and oxidizer intended for blasting; cannot be detonated by means of a #8 test blasting cap when confined they need primers

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25
Q

Blasting Cap

A

A detonator that initiates the detonation of an explosive material and is initiated by a safety fuse

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26
Q

blasting crew

A

a group of persons who assist the blaster in loading, tying in and firing a blast

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27
Q

Blasting Galvanometer

A

An electrical resistance instrument designed specifically for testing electric detonators and circuits containing them:
to measure resistance or to check electrical continuity

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28
Q

Blasting log

A

A written record of info about a specific blast

as may be required by law or regulation

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29
Q

Blasting Machine

A

An electrical or electromechanical device that provides electrical energy for the purpose of energizing detonators in an electric blasting circuit

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30
Q

Blasting Mat

A

A mat constructed of various materials to cover blast holes for the purpose of preventing flying rock missles

like woven ,steel wire,Rope, Tires

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31
Q

Blasting vibrations

A

vibrations that are transmitted through the earth away from the immediate blast area

The energy from a blast that manifests itself in earth borne vibrations that are transmitted through the earth away from the immediate blast area

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32
Q

Block-Holing

A

The breaking of boulders by loading and firing small explosive charges in small diameter drilled holes

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33
Q

Booster

A

An explosive charge, used to improve the initiation of less sensitive explosive materials

to get it up to speed usually of high strength and high detonation velocity

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34
Q

Bootleg

A

The part of a drilled blast-hole that remains when the explosion does not break the rock to the bottom of the hole

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35
Q

Borehole(Blast-Hole)

A

a hole drilled in the material to be blasted, for the purpose of containing an explosive charge

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36
Q

Breakage

A

a term used to describe the size distribution of the rock fragments created by the blast

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37
Q

Bridge-wire

A

a resistance wire inside an electric detonator and is embedded in the ignition charge of the detonator

a resistance wire connecting the ends of the leg wires inside an electric detonator and which is embedded in the ignition charge of the detonator

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38
Q

Brisance

A

The shattering power of an explosive as distinguished from its total work capacity

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39
Q

Bulk mix

A

the mass of explosive material prepared for use in bulk form without packaging

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40
Q

Bulk mix delivery equipment

A

equipment that transports explosive materials in bulk form for mixing and/or loading directly into blast holes

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41
Q

Bulk Strength

A

The strength per unit volume of an explosive calculated from its weight strength and density

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42
Q

Bullet resistance

A

magazine walls or doors of construction resistant to penetration of a bullet of 150 grain M2 ball ammunition having a nominal muzzle velocity 2700ft/sec fired from a .30 calibre rifle from a distance of 100ft perpendicualr to the wall or door

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43
Q

bullet-sensitive explosive material

A

explosive material that can be detonated by 150 grain M2 ball ammunition having a nominal muzzle velocity of 2700 ft/sec fired from a .30 calibre rifle from a distance of 100ft

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44
Q

Burden

A

The distance from bore-hole to the nearest free face or the distance between bore holes measures perpendicular to the spacing

the total amount of material to be blasted by a given hole measured in cubic yards meters tons or tonnes

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45
Q

Cap sensitivity

A

The sensitivity of an explosive to initiation by a detonator

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46
Q

Cartridge

A

an individual closed shell, bag or tube of circular cross section containing explosive material

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47
Q

Cartridge count

A

the number of cartridges in a standard case

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48
Q

Cartridge punch

A

a wooden, plastic, or non sparking metallic device used to punch an opening in an explosive cartridge to accept a detonator or a section of detonating cord

tool

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49
Q

Certified Blaster

A

A blaster Certified by governmental agency to prepare, execute, and supervise blasting

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50
Q

Class A explosives

A

explosives, that possess detonating or otherwise maximum hazard, like, but not limited to, dynamite, nitro-glycerine, blasting caps, and detonating primers

explosives, as defined by federal regulation, that possess detonating or otherwise maximum hazard, such as, but not limited to, dynamite, nitro-glycerine, blasting caps, and detonating primers

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51
Q

Class B Explosives

A

explosives, that possess flammable hazard such as, but not, limited to, propellant explosives, photographic flash powders, and some special fireworks

explosives, as defined by federal regulations, that possess flammable hazard such as, but not, limited to, propellant explosives, photographic flash powders, and some special fireworks

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52
Q

Class C explosives

A

explosives, that contain Class A or Class B explosives, or both, as components but in restricted quantities

a and b= c

explosives, as defined by the federal regulations that contain Class A or Class B explosives, or both, as components but in restricted quantities

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53
Q

Collar

A

the term applied to the timbering or concrete around the mouth of the shaft

mouth or top of a drill hole

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54
Q

Column Charge

A

A charge of explosives in a blast hole in a form of a long continuous unbroken column

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55
Q

Column depth/Column Height

A

the length of each portion of a blast-hole filled with explosive materials

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56
Q

Commercial Detonation Velocity

A

The detonation velocity of an explosive material in a substantial container or Bore-hole

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57
Q

Commercial Explosives

A

Produced for industrial application rather than Military application

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58
Q

Confined wire

A

wire used to extend the firing lines or leg wires in an electric blasting circuit

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59
Q

Core load

A

the explosive core of detonating cord, expressed as Grains/foot

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60
Q

Critical Diameter

A

diameter of a cylindrical charge below which stable detonation cannot propagate

Minimum diameter for propagation of a detonation wave at a stable velocity

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61
Q

Current Leakage

A

portion of the firing current bypassing part of the blasting circuit through unintended paths

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62
Q

Cut-off

A

a break in a path of detonation or initiation caused by extraneous interference, such as fly-rock or shifting ground

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63
Q

Cushion Blasting

A

firing a single row of holes along a neat excavation line to shear rock between closely drilled holes, fired after production holes

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64
Q

Date shift Code

A

applied by manufacturers to the outside of shipping containers used to identify and trace the explosives

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65
Q

Dead pressing

A

desensitization of an explosive caused by pressurization

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66
Q

DC

A

Direct current

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67
Q

Decibel

A

the unit of air overpressure commonly used to measure airblasts

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68
Q

Deck Loading or Decking

A

a method of loading blast-holes in which the explosive charges, called decks or deck charges, in the same hole are separated by stemming or an air cushion

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69
Q

Decks

A

an explosive charge that is separated from other charges in the blast-hole by stemming or an air cushion

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70
Q

Deflagration

A

an explosive reaction that moves through an explosive material at a velocity less than the speed of sound

an explosive reaction such as a rapid combustion that moves through an explosive material at a velocity less than the speed of sound in the material

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71
Q

Delay

A

a pause of predetermined time between detonation or initiation impulses, to fire of explosive charges separately

distinct pause of predetermined time between detonation or initiation impulses, to permit the firing of explosive charges separately

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72
Q

Delay blasting

A

the practice of initiating individual explosive decks, bore-holes, or rows of bore-holes at predetermined time intervals using delay detonators, as compared to instantaneous blasting where all holes are fired essentially simultaneously

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73
Q

Delay Detonator

A

an electric or non-electric detonator used to introduce a predetermined lapse of time between the application of a firing signal and the detonation of the base charge

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74
Q

Delay Element

A

the device in a delay detonator that produces the predetermined delay between the application of a firing signal and detonation

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75
Q

Delay interval

A

the nominal time between the detonations of delay detonators or adjacent periods in a delay series; the nominal time between successive detonations and a blast

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76
Q

Delay period

A

a designation given to a delay detonator to show its relative or absolute delay time in a given series

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77
Q

Delay series

A

there are 2 types of delay series detonators designed to satisfy specific blasting requirements

millisecond (ms) with delay intervals in the order of milliseconds

long period (lp) with delay times in the order of seconds

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78
Q

Delay tag

A

a tag, band, or marker on a delay detonator that denotes the delay series, delay period, and/ or delay time of the detonator

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79
Q

Delay time

A

the lapse of time between the application of a firing signal and the detonation of the base charge of a delay detonator

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80
Q

Density

A

the mass of an explosive per unit of volume, usually expressed in grams per cubic centimetre or pounds per foot

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81
Q

Detonating cord

A

a flexible cord containing a center core of high explosive and used to initiate other explosives

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82
Q

Detonating cord Down-line

A

the section of detonating cord that extends within the blast-hole from the ground surface down to the explosive charge

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83
Q

Detonating Cord MS Connectors

A

non-electric, short-interval (millisecond) delay devices for use in delaying blasts that are initiated by detonating cord

84
Q

Detonating Cord Trunk Line

A

the line of detonating cord that is used to connect and initiate other lines of detonating cord

85
Q

Detonating Primer

A

the name applied for transportation purposes to a device consisting of a detonator and an additional charge of explosives, assembled as a unit

86
Q

Detonation

A

an explosive reaction that moves through an explosive material at a velocity greater than the speed of sound in the material

87
Q

Detonation pressure

A

the pressure produced in the reaction zone of a detonating explosive

88
Q

Detonation velocity

A

the velocity at which the detonation progresses through an explosive

89
Q

Detonator

A

any device containing any initiating or primary explosive that is used for initiating detonation

the term includes electric blasting caps, blasting caps for use with safety fuses, detonating cord delay connectors, and non-electric blasting caps

90
Q

Drilling Pattern

A

the location of blast-holes in relationship to each other and/or the free face

91
Q

Dynamite

A

a high explosive used for blasting, consisting essentially of a mixture of, but not limited to, nitro-glycerine, nitro-cellulose, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and carbonaceous materials

92
Q

Electric detonator

A

the detonator designed for, and capable of, initiation by means of an electric current

93
Q

electrical storm

A

an atmospheric disturbance characterized by intense electrical activity, producing lightning strikes and strong electric and magnetic fields

94
Q

Emulsion

A

an explosive material containing substantial amounts of oxidizers dissolved in water droplets, surrounded by an immiscible fuel

95
Q

Energy

A

a measure of the potential for the explosive to do work

96
Q

Explosion

A

a chemical reaction involving an extremely rapid expansion of gasses, usually associated with the liberation of heat

97
Q

Explosive

A

any chemical compound, mixture, or device, the primary of common purpose of which is to function by explosion

98
Q

Explosive Charge

A

the quantity of explosive material used in a blast hole, coyote tunnel, or explosive device

99
Q

Explosive loading Factor

A

the amount of explosive used per unit of rock; also called Powder Factor

100
Q

Explosive Materials

A

these include Class A B and C explosives, blasting agents, and detonators

101
Q

Explosive oils

A

liquid sensitizers for explosives such as nitro-glycerine, ethylene glycol di-nitrate and metriol tri-nitrate

102
Q

Explosive Strength

A

the amount of energy released by an explosive upon detonation

that is an indication of the capacity of the explosive to do work

103
Q

Extra (Ammonia) Dynamite

A

a form of explosive that used ammonium nitrate as a substitute for nitroglycerin.

dynamite that derives a major portion of its energy from the reaction of a ammonium nitrate

104
Q

Extraneous Electricity

A

electrical energy, other than actual fire and current or the test current from a blasting galvanometer, that is present at a blast site and that could enter an electrical blasting circuit; it includes stray current, static electricity, RF (electro-magnetic) waves, and time varying electric and magnetic field

105
Q

Face

A

the end of an excavation towards which work is progressing or which was last done, open rock exposed to air

106
Q

Fertilizer-grade ammonium nitrate

A

a grade of ammonium nitrate as defined by the fertilizer institute

107
Q

Fire extinguisher rating

A

a rating set forth in the National Fire Code that may be identified by a number indicating the extinguishers relative effectiveness followed by a letter indicating the class or classes of fires for which the extinguisher has been found to be effective

108
Q

fire resistant

A

Construction designed to offer reasonable protection against fire

109
Q

firing current

A

an electric current of recommended magnitude and duration to sufficiently energize an electric detonator or a circuit of electric detonators

110
Q

Flammability

A

the ease with which an explosive material may be ignited by flame and heat

111
Q

Floor

A

bottom horizontal area where walking or excavation is done

112
Q

flying rock

A

rocks propelled into the air by the force of an explosion but landing inside the blast area

113
Q

Fly rock

A

rocks propelled beyond the blast area by the force of an explosion

114
Q

Fragmentation

A

the breaking of a solid mass into pieces by blasting

115
Q

Free face

A

a rock surface exposed to air or water that provides room for expansion upon fragmentation, sometimes called Open Face

116
Q

Freezing

A

the semi-fusing and non-ejection of the pulverized rock or ore in the cut portion of a blasting round; generally caused by proving insufficient void space for the initial holes blasted in the cut, little or no delay between charges, and/or excessive charge weights

117
Q

Fuel

A

a substance that may react with oxygen to produce combustion

118
Q

Fumes

A

the gaseous products of an Explosion
for the purpose of fume classification, only poisonous or toxic gasses, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulphide, and nitrogen oxides are considered

119
Q

Fuse Cap / detonator

A

a detonator that is initiated by a safety fuse: also referred to as an ordinary blasting cap

120
Q

Gap sensitivity

A

the maximum distance for propagation between standard charge sizes of explosive donor and acceptor

used for measuring the likelihood of sympathetic propagation

121
Q

Gelatin Dynamite

A

a type of highly water-resistant dynamite characterized by its gelatinous propagation

122
Q

Geology

A

a description of the types and arrangements of rock in the area

123
Q

grains

A

a system of weight measurement where 7000 grains are equivalent to one standard 16 ounce pound (0.45kg)

124
Q

Ground Fault

A

an electrical contact between part of the blasting circuit to the earth

125
Q

Ground Vibration

A

shaking of the ground, by elastic waves emanating from a blast; usually measured in inches per second of particle velocity

126
Q

Hang Fire

A

the detonation of an explosive after its designated time, dangerous

127
Q

Hertz

A

a term used to express the frequency of ground vibration and air blast

128
Q

High Explosives

A

explosives that are characterized by a very high rate of reaction, high pressure development and the presence of a detonation wave in the explosive

129
Q

High wall

A

the bench, bluff or ledge of a surface excavation, usually in quarries and mines

130
Q

Hydrostatic Pressure

A

the pressure of water at rest

131
Q

Initiation

A

the act of causing an explosive material to detonate or deflagrate

132
Q

initiator

A

a detonator or detonating cord used to start detonation in an explosive material

133
Q

instantaneous detonator

A

a detonator that has a firing time of essentially 0 seconds as compared to the delay detonators with firing times from several milliseconds to several seconds

134
Q

inventory

A

a listing of all explosive materials stored in a magazine

135
Q

Jumbo

A

a machine with one or more mounted drills

136
Q

Leg-Wires

A

the two single wires or one duplex wire extending out from an electric detonator

137
Q

Liquid fuels

A

fuels in a liquid state

138
Q

Loading

A

placing explosive material in a blast hole or against material to be blastedt

139
Q

Loading Density

A

the weight of explosive loaded per unit length of bore-hole occupied by the explosive, expressed as pounds per foot or kilograms per meter of bore-hole

140
Q

Loading Pole

A

non-metallic pole used to assist the placing and compacting of explosive charges in bore-holes

141
Q

Low Explosives

A

explosives that are characterized by deflagration or a low rate of reaction of and the development of low pressure

142
Q

Magazine

A

any building, structure, or container, other than an explosives manufacturing building, approved for the storage of explosive material

143
Q

Magazine keeper

A

person responsible for the inventory and safe storage of explosive materials, including the proper maintenance of explosive materials, storage magazines, and areas

144
Q

Main explosive charge

A

the explosive material that performs the major work of blasting

145
Q

millisecond

A

1000th of a second

146
Q

misfire

A

a blast that fails to detonate completely after an attempt at initiation; also the explosive material itself that failed to detonate as planned

147
Q

Ms Connectors

A

non-electric, short-interval (millisecond) delay devices for use in delaying blasts that are initiated by detonating cord

148
Q

Muck

A

the broken rock or ore displaced from its position in the earth by blasting or caving

149
Q

Muck Pile

A

the pile of broken material resulting from a blast

150
Q

Mud Capping

A

a mud-covered or unconfined explosive charge fired in contact with a rock surface without the use of a bore-hole

151
Q

Nitro Glycerine

A

an explosive chemical compound used as a sensitizer in dynamite and represented by the formula C3H5 (ONO2)3

152
Q

Number 8 test cap

A

the strength of detonator used to test explosives in a laboratory test

153
Q

non electric detonator

A

a detonator that does not require the use of electric energy or safety fuse to function

154
Q

non Sparking Metal

A

a metal that will not produce a spark when struck with other tools, rock, or hard surface

155
Q

over burden

A

worthless material lying on top of a deposit of useful material

156
Q

oxidizer or oxidizing Material

A

a substance, such as nitrate, that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing substances to stimulate the combustion of organic matter or other fuel

157
Q

Oxygen Balance

A

the percentage of oxygen in an explosive material that exceeds (plus) or is less than (minus) what is needed to produce the ideal reaction

158
Q

parallel blasting circuit

A

nn electric blasting circuit in which the leg wires of each detonator are connected across the firing line directly or through bus-wires

159
Q

particle velocity

A

a measure of intensity of ground vibration, specifically the time rate of change of the amplitude of ground vibrations

160
Q

Parting

A
  • a rock mass located between two seems of coal; a joint or crack in the rock
161
Q

permissable

A

explosives having been approved for non-toxic fumes and allowed to be used under ground

162
Q

PETN

A

an abbreviation for the name of the explosive, pentaerythritol tetra nitrate

163
Q

Placards

A

signs placed on vehicles transporting hazardous materials (including explosive materials) indicating the nature of the cargo

164
Q

Pneumatic Loading

A

he loading of explosive materials into a bore-hole using compressed air as the loading or conveying force

165
Q

powder

A

any type of solid explosive used in blasting

166
Q

Powder factor

A

the amount of explosive used per unit of rock; also called Explosive Loading Factor

167
Q

Power source

A

the source of power for engineering electric blasting circuits, example a blasting machine or power line

168
Q

Premature firing

A

the detonation of an explosive charge before the intended time

169
Q

Pre splitting/preshear

A

a stress relief of a single row of holes drilled along a neat line where the detonation of explosives in the hole causes the shearing of a web in the rock between the holes

fired before production holes to produce a smooth wall

170
Q

Prill

A

a small porous sphere of ammonium nitrate capable of absorbing more than 6% by weight of fuel oil

has a density of around 0.80 to 0.85 per cubic centimetre

171
Q

Primary explosive

A

a sensitive explosive that nearly always detonates by simple ignition from such means as spark, flame, impact, friction, or other primary heat sources of appropriate magnitude

172
Q

Primer

A

an explosive unit containing a suitable firing device used for the initiation of the entire explosive charge

173
Q

Propagation

A

the detonation of explosive charges from a adjacent or nearby explosive charges

174
Q

quarry

A

surface or open pit mine used for the extraction of rock

175
Q

RAdio frequency energy

A

the energy transferred by electro-magnetic waves in the radio frequency spectrum

176
Q

Radio frequency Transmitter

A

an electronic device that radiates radio frequency waves; the device may be fixed or mobile

177
Q

Regulations

A

rules governing manufacturing transportation storgae sales posseion handling and use of explosive materials

Regulations promulgated (make known to the public)by Federal, State or local regulatory agencies governing the manufacture, transportation, storage, sale, possession, handling and use of explosive materials

178
Q

Relief

A

he effective distance from a blast-hole to the nearest free face

179
Q

Resistance

A

the measure of opposition to the flow of electrical current, expressed in ohms

180
Q

saftey Fuse

A

a cord containing a core or black powder used to initiate blasting caps

181
Q

Scaled distance

A

the ratio used to predict ground vibrations, scaled distance equals the distance from the blast to the area of concern, in feet or meters

182
Q

Seam

A

a stratification plane in the sedimentary rock deposit, may also be sand or mud and run vertically or horizontally

183
Q

Secondary Blasting

A

blasting to reduce the size of boulders resulting from a primary blast

184
Q

seismograph

A

an instrument that measures and supplies a record of ground vibrations, also called a blast vibration monitor

185
Q

Sensitivity

A

a physical characteristic of an explosive material classifying its ability to be initiated upon receiving an external pulse such as impact, shock, flame, friction, or other influences that can cause explosive decomposition; ability to propagate through the column of explosives

Low Sensitivity: column could be interrupted if there is a gap or an obstacle or water in the hole

High Sensitivity: may cause propagation between adjacent bore-holes

186
Q

Shaped charge

A

an explosive with a shaped cavity specifically designed to produce a high velocity cutting or piercing jet of product reaction, usually lined with metal to create a jet of molten linear material

187
Q

Shelf life

A

he length of time of storage during which an explosive material retains adequate performance characteristics

188
Q

Shock wave

A

a transient pressure pulse that propagates at supersonic velocity

189
Q

Short delay blasting

A

the practice of detonating blast-holes in successive intervals where the time difference between any two successive detonations is measured in milliseconds

190
Q

Shot firer

A

the qualified person in charge of, and responsible for, the loading and firing of a blast (same as Blaster)

191
Q

Shunt

A

the shorting together of the free ends of electric detonator leg-wires or the wire ends of an electric blasting circuit or part thereof

the name of an electrical shorting device applied to the free ends of electric detonators by the manufacturer

192
Q

Slope

A

used to define the vertical rise of height to horizontal distance in describing the angle of a bench or face; example 1 ½ to 1 slope means there would be 1 ½ foot rise to each foot of horizontal distance

193
Q

Slurry

A

an explosive material containing (lots of liquid), oxidizers and fuel plus a thickener

194
Q

spacing

A

the distance between bore-holes

in bench blasting the distance is measured parallel to the free face and perpendicular to the burden

195
Q

Specific gravity

A

the density of en explosive compared to water which is 1.0

196
Q

Stability

A

the ability of an explosive material to retain chemical and physical properties specified by the manufacturer when exposed to specific environmental conditions over a particular period of time

197
Q

Static Electricity

A

he electric charge at rest on a person or object

most often produced by the contact and separation of dissimilar insulating materials

198
Q

Stemming

A

inert material used in the collar portion of the hole to confine the gaseous products formed in an explosion

199
Q

Storage

A

he safe keeping of explosive materials, usually in specially designed structures called magazines

200
Q

Strength

A

refers to the energy content of an explosion in relation to an equal amount of Anfo

201
Q

Sub drill

A

to drill blast-holes beyond the planned grade lines or below floor level

202
Q

Swell Factor

A

the ratio of the volume of material in its solid state to that when broken

203
Q

Tamping

A

the action of compacting the explosive charge or the stemming in a blast-hole

204
Q

TNT

A

Trinitrotoluene, a military compound used as a sensitizer in some slurries

205
Q

Toe

A

in bench blasting, the distance from the free face to the blast-hole measured at the floor level of the bench

Product knowledge (2 decks)

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