Terms and definitions Flashcards
Electronic message sent from one device to another
Protocol used on the internet for exchanging files
FTP server
Type of IP visible to the public
Routable IP
Unique number for each computer on a given network
IP address
Descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the internet
Domain name
Location for passing data in and out of your computer
Port
Combines the functions of a cable modem and a router in a single device
IP gateway
Internet service that locates and translates domain names into IP addresses
DNS (Domain Name System)
Temporary IP address
Dynamic
LAN
local area network
Geographically-close set of computers connected on a single network that use the same communication device
LAN
WAN
wide area network
Group of connected computers that are geographically far apart
WAN
Has two sides that represent a network
IP gateway
Computer or workstation that obtains information and applications from a server
Client
Computer or program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network
Server
Permits and blocks web traffic
Firewall
Establishes a secure connection to an organization’s private network using a public network
VPN (virtual private network)
Logical address that identifies a device globablly
IP (Internet Protocol) address
Identifies a device to other devices on the same local network
MAC (media access control) address, or physical address
12-digit hexadecimal number embedded into the manufacturer’s network controller hardware
MAC address
consisting of 48 bits, this is separated into a manufacturer identifier and a device identifier
MAC address
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
ISP
Internet Service Provider
NAT
Network address translation
IANA
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Responsible for standardizing IP addresses, port numbers, and manages domain names worldwide
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)
TCP
Transmission control protocol
UDP
User datagram protocol
Combination of an IP address and a port number
Socket address
Connection-oriented protocol considered reliable for data transfer
TCP
Connectionless protocol that is fast, but lost packets are not retransmitted
UDP
TCP and UDP are examples of what?
Ports
Three categories of ports
Well-known - reserved for major applications
Registered - primarily used for vendor applications
Ephemeral - private and used for various applications
Process in which several hosts or computers share a single or a set of public IP addresses to gain access to the internet
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Version of NAT that allows multiple private IP addresses to share a common connection to the internet over a single public IP address (NAT overload)
Port address translation (PAT)
