terms and definitions Flashcards
what is “ a piece of technology that transports materials, astronauts, and machines into space.”
a rocket
what is “ a piece of equipment that allows astronauts to survive in space outside of a ship or space station.”
a space suit
what is “ a piece of space technology that is placed in orbit around celestial bodies like the Earth or Mars.”
a satellite
What is” space vehicles sent to another celestial body without humans on board? They can fly past, land on, or orbit the celestial body.”
a probe
What is “ a piece of technology that gathers and focus light in the visible spectrum that is emitted by distant celestial bodies?”
a optical telescope
What is “ a piece of technology that gathers radio waves emitted by celestial objects? This energy can tell us different things than visible light collected by optical telescopes.
a radio telescope
What is “ The distance that light travels in one year? It equals approximately 9.4 trillion km!
A light year
what is” all matter, space, and time? Also called the ‘cosmos’?”
The universe.
What is “ Entire universe began about 13.7 billion years ago? The universe started as a single point of incredible density and heat.
The big bang theory.
What is “Everywhere we look in space there is an almost perfectly uniform background ‘light’ (ie: radiation). This background radiation has been travelling toward the Earth for nearly 13.7 billion years!”
The cosmic microwave background radiation.
What is “ the universe is expanding faster and faster every day due to an energy were not aware of.”
Dark energy
What is “ a large cloud of gas and dust in space.”
A Nebula
What is “ an enormous collection of gases, dust, and billions of stars held together by gravity.”
Galaxy
What is “ all the matter that makes up the universe started as a single point of incredible density and heat”
Singularity.
What is “When viewed directly they look like a pinwheel with spiral arms coming from the galactic core but when viewed from along its edge, a spiral galaxy is a disc shape with a bulge in the centre.”
Spiral galaxies
What is “ Generally older galaxies without a distinct shape. The stars are spread out more evenly than in a spiral galaxy. We believe they are often the result of merging galaxies!”
Elliptical galaxies.
What is “Significantly smaller than our sun? Typically small red dwarf stars. They burn their hydrogen fuel very slowly, which means that they may last for many billions of years and eventually should change into small, hot, but dim white dwarfs and quietly burn out over very long periods.”
Low Mass stars.
What is “ Similar mass to the Sun, lasts only about 10 billion years. As they run out of fuel, they expand and become red giants. It ends its life by expanding into a massive red giant star. It then sheds much of its gases into space and collapses in on itself, forming a much smaller white dwarf. After a long time, it cools even more and turns into a black dwarf.?”
Intermediate mass stars
What is “ 12 or more times the mass of the Sun? They are usually large blue stars. Short-lived: anywhere from a few million years to about 7 billion years. As they run out of fuel, they expand to an enormous size, becoming supergiants. end with a massive supernova explosion, typically becoming either a black hole or a neutron star.”
High mass stars
What is “ a very large star that is even brighter than a giant, often despite being relatively cool”
supergiant
What is “ an exploding star that ejects most of its mass into space”
supernova
What is “ A celestial body with such a strong gravitational pull that any light passing too close is pulled into_____?
Black hole
What is “ When stars between 3 and 10 times the mass of the sun die, they can end their life as a relatively small black hole.”
stellar mass black hole
What is “ Black holes with a mass anywhere from 100 thousand solar masses to billions of solar masses! They are found at the centre of most galaxies and are believed to have formed by accumulating large amounts of material as the galaxy was forming.”
supermassive black hole
