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PASP 501 Medical Terminology > Terms and Definitions > Flashcards

Terms and Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Ablation

A

Removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radiofrequency

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2
Q

Adhesion

A

Abnormal fibrous band that hold or binds together tissues that are normally separated

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3
Q

Anastomosis

A

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels or bowel segments

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4
Q

Cauterize

A

Destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals

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5
Q

Curettage

A

Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette

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6
Q

Dehiscence

A

Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound

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7
Q

Exacerbation

A

Increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms

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8
Q

Febrile

A

Feverish, pertaining to a fever

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9
Q

iatrogenic

A

Produced by a physician (the unexpected results from a treatment prescribed by a physician)

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10
Q

Idiopathic

A

Pertaining to a disease of unknown origin

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11
Q

Inflammation

A

Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and sometimes, loss of function

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12
Q

Morbid

A

Diseased; pertaining to a disease

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13
Q

Nocturnal

A

Pertaining to or occurring in the night

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14
Q

Sepsis

A

Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream

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15
Q

Suppurative

A

Producing or associated with generation of pus

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16
Q

Claudication

A

Lameness, limping

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17
Q

Contracture

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

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18
Q

Crepitation

A

Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together from fracture or joint destruction

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19
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Effusion of blood into a joint cavity

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20
Q

Hypotonia

A

Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

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21
Q

Osteophyte

A

Bony outgrowth; bone spur

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22
Q

Sprain

A

Tearing of ligament tissue

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23
Q

Strain

A

Muscular Injury

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24
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial or incomplete dislocation

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25
Convulsion
Any sudden and violent contraction of one or more muscles
26
Dementia
Broad term that refers to cognitive deficit, including memory impairment
27
Fasciculation
Involuntary contraction or twitching of muscle fibers, visible under the skin
28
Lethargy
Abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli
29
Palsy
Paralysis, usually partial, and commonly characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor
30
Paralysis
Loss of voluntary motion in one or more muscle groups with or without loss of sensation
31
Paresthesia
Sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity
32
Syncope
Temporary loss of consciousness due to the sudden decline of blood flow to the brain
33
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
34
Borborygmi
Rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine
35
Cachexia
Physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass
36
Colic
Spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ accompanied by pain
37
Flatus
Expulsion of gas in GI track from a body orifice, especially the anus
38
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
39
Melena
Passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices
40
Obstipation
Severe Constipation
41
Peristalsis
Progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract
42
Steatorrhea
Passage of fat in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it
43
Auscultation
Listening for sounds within the body using a stethoscope
44
Epistaxis
Nosebleed
45
Hypoxemia
Deficiency of oxygen in the blood
46
Hypoxia
Deficiency of oxygen in tissues
47
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the pleural membrane that causes pain and increased coughing or deep breathing
48
Spirometry
A measurement of breathing or lung volumes
49
Arrhythmia
Inability of the heart to maintain a normal rhythm
50
Bruit
Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; murmur
51
Cardiomyopathy
Any disease or weakening of the heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
52
Coarctation
Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
53
Embolus
Mass of undissolved matter ( foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel
54
Infarct
Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
55
Ischemia
Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction
56
Palpitation
Sensation that the heart is not beating normally
57
Thrombus
Blood clot that obstructs a vessel
58
Azotemia
Retention of excessive amounts of nitrogenous compounds (urea, creatinine, uric acid) in the blood; uremia
59
Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination
60
Enuresis
Involuntary discharge of urine; incontinence
61
Micturate
To urinate or void
62
Oliguria
Diminished capacity to form and pass urine, resulting from inefficient excretion of the end products of metabolism
63
Atresia
Congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening
64
Dyspareunia
Occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
65
Puerperium
Period of 42 days after childbirth, during which the reproductive organs usually return to normal
66
Diuresis
Increased formation and secretion of urine
67
Hirsutism
Excessive distribution of body hair, especially in women
68
Hypervolemia
Abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in the body
69
Virile
Masculine or having characteristics of a man
70
Virilism
Masculinization in a woman or development of male secondary sex characteristics in a woman
71
Convergence
Medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed
72
Nystagmus
Involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision
73
Photophobia
Unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light
74
Visual field
Area within which objects may be seen when the eye is in fixed position
75
Tinnitus
Perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present
76
Tonsillar
Pertaining to a tonsil
77
Vertigo
Hallucination of movement, or a feeling of spinning or dizziness
78
Enucleation
Removal of the eyeball form the orbit
79
Abrasion
Scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury
80
Abscess
Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection
81
Alopecia
Partial or complete loss of hair
82
Cellulitis
Diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
83
Chloasma
Yellowish-brown pigementary skin discoloration
84
Debridement
Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by mechanical means
85
Dermatomycosis
Infection of the skin caused by fungi
86
Ecchymosis
Blue-black, greenish-brown/yellow skin discolorations caused from escaped blood into the tissues; bruise
87
Erythema
Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
88
Eschar
Damaged tissue following a severe burn
89
Icterus
Juandice
90
Induration
Abnormal hard spot (s)
91
Keratosis
Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (callous/wart)
92
Lentigo
Small brown flat lesions, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure; mole
93
Pallor
Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
94
Petechia
Minute, pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin
95
Pruritus
Intense itching
96
Urticaria
Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patched called hives or wheals
97
Verruca
Epidermal growth caused by a virus; warts
98
Vitiligo
Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
99
Disseminated
Scattered or distributed over a considerable area; scattered throughout an organ or body
100
Hematoma
Localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel
101
Hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells with a release of hemoglobin that diffuses into the surrounding fluid
102
Hemostasis
Arrest of bleeding or circulation
103
Immunity
State of being protected against infectious disease
104
Speticemia
Serious, life-threathening bloodstream infection that may arise from other infection throughout the body
105
Titer
Blood test that measures the amount of antibodies in blood; indicator of immune status

PASP 501 Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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