Terms

Question 1

Sample space:

Answer 1

Is the collection of all possible outcomes of the experiment and is denoted by S

Question 2

Simple event

Answer 2

Is an event that consists of exactly one outcome

Question 3

Compound event:

Answer 3

Is an event that consist of more than one outcome

Question 4

Event space:

Answer 4

The collection of outcomes that correspond to the event of interest and is denoted by A

Question 5

Theoretical probability:

Answer 5

When all the outcomes of an event are equally likely, the probability is the ratio of the number of outcomes that make up that event the total number of possible outcomes

Question 6

Random variable:

Answer 6

A quantity that can have a range of values designated as X, with individual values as x

Question 7

Discrete random variable:

Answer 7

A variable that can only have certain values within a given range, such as the sum of two dice. Must be countable

Question 8

Continuous random variable:

Answer 8

A variable that could have an infinite number of possible values within a given range, often measurements such as volume or time

Question 9

Population:

Answer 9

A group of individuals that is the focus of study

Question 10

Sample:

Answer 10

A selection of individuals taken from a population

Question 11

Census:

Answer 11

Information gathered about an entire population

Question 12

Cross-sectional study:

Answer 12

A study that considers individuals from different groups at the same time

Question 13

Longitudinal study:

Answer 13

A study that considers individuals over a long period of time

Question 14

Quantitative variable:

Answer 14

Variables that can be measured numerically

Question 15

Qualitative:

Answer 15

Variables that cannot be measured numerically

Question 16

Discrete data:

Answer 16

Data that can be described using whole numbers (a count)

Question 17

Continuous data:

Answer 17

Data only measurable with real numbers (measure of quantity)

Question 18

Inference:

Answer 18

A conclusion about the population that is made from the sample

Question 19

Simple random sampling

Answer 19

All selections are equally likely

Question 20

Systematic random sampling

Answer 20

The starting point is randomly chosen; and the every nth individual is chosen

Question 21

Stratified random sampling

Answer 21

Population is divided into groups called strata (geographic, age, etc)
A simple random sampling of the members of each strata

Question 22

Cluster random sampling

Answer 22

Population divided into groups
a random sample of groups has chosen
all members of the chosen groups are surveyed

Question 23

Multistage random sampling

Answer 23

Population survey into groups
a random sample of groups is chosen
a random sample of members from the chosen groups are taken

Question 24

Destructive sampling

Answer 24

Samples, however chosen, are eventually destroyed

Question 25

Primary data

Answer 25

Data collected by the researcher

Question 26

Secondary data

Answer 26

Data collected from other sources

Question 27

Open question style

Answer 27

Questions answered in the respondents own words

Question 28

Closed question style

Answer 28

Questions that require the respondent to pick from a given list of options

Question 29

What are the four types of survey questions?

Answer 29

Information checklist ranking Rating

Question 30

What are the four characteristics of a good survey question?

Answer 30

Simple Relevant Specific Readable

Question 31

What are the five things survey question should avoid?

Answer 31

``` Jargon Abbreviations Negatives Leading respondents Insensitivity ```

Question 32

Bias

Answer 32

And unintended influence on a data gathering method

Question 33

Treatment group

Answer 33

The group that receives treatment being studied

Question 34

Control group

Answer 34

The group that does not receive the treatment being studied. Instead they are given no treatment, the currently excepted treatment, placebo

Question 35

Placebo

Answer 35

A treatment given to the control group that has no therapeutic value

Question 36

Double-blind test

Answer 36

A study in which neither the researcher norther study participants know until the conclusion of the study which group they were in

Question 37

Sampling bias

Answer 37

When the sample does not represent the population accurately. It rises when random sampling techniques are not used

Question 38

Non-response bias

Answer 38

Bias that occurs because not all surveys are returned. When a survey is concluded, the sample consist of only people who can be contacted and are also willing

Question 39

Household bias

Answer 39

Bias that occurs when one type of respondent is over represented because groupings of different sizes are polled equally

Question 40

Response bias

Answer 40

Bias that is a result of how the questions are designed an asked. This may be a result of many factors including: poor question design, leading a miss leading questions, interviewer tone