Terms Flashcards
Weber Model of Bureaucracy
Contains:
Hierarchy: each person has a superior
Rules and regulation: create/enforces rules efficiently
Specialization: the agency is manned by individuals who are experts in their field
Neutrality: Equally applies its rules to everyone
Acquisitive model
Agencies would prefer more responsibility, pay, and staffing, as opposed to cuts.
Monopolistic Model
No matter how well/poor an agency does, it will remain funded, nor be cut
A rule defined
The whole or part of an agency’s statement or application of general or particular effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law.
Major types of rules
Legislative or substantial
• Affects public at large as well as businesses
Interpretive
• agency creates rule to address a loosely defined congressional mandate
Procedural
• rules that affect other agencies unless exempted
What and whom do rules affect
The public
• Rules that affect daily life
• speed limits, erg. Rule
Interactions with government
• How someone collects S.S., contracts with the government, gets approved by the government to sell products
Corporate/business procedures
• how corporations report their earnings, sell their stocks/bonds, hire and fire people
Agency actions
• How long their rules can be, how they are structured, how much they are paid
Administrative procedures act
Streamlined the rule-making process across agencies and mandated they update their status in the rule-making process into the federal register
Encouraged public participation under section 553
Types of information
Collected
• agency themselves gather the information needed to rulemake
• may use experts
Developed information
• information that needs studying and development
• not readily available
Types of participation
Oral/written Hearings - formal/informal Investigations Conferences Advisory committees Other - direct bargaining
Stages of rule making
1. Origin of rule making activity •statute/ law passed 2. Origin of individual rule making • agency begins looking at rule-making to address as the law 3. Authorization to proceed • agencies seek approval since it’s resource intensive to rule make 4. Planning the rule making • division of Labour 5. Develop draft rule •public comments on DR given 6. Internal review of draft rule commences • vertical- top down review •horizontal - across the agency 7. External review of draft rule 8. Revision and publication of draft rule 9. Public participation • public inputs again 10. Action on draft rule • may re-work, scrap, implement 11. Post rule making activities • published or not
Carters 5 principles for rule making
- Plain English rules
- Regulatory analysis of rules
- Sunset rules
- Increased public participation
- Oversight of rule making by agency heads
5 types of information in rulemaking
Legal information • outlines obligations to the rule Policy informations • presidents policy preference may shape what policy will be passed Technical information • specific information about area regulated Political info • priorities set by political heads Managerial info • data regarding agency’s operation
Interest group
Organized group of individuals who share objectives who actively aim to influence policy through all levels of government in all branches
Risk assessment
- Identify the risk
- Create a dosage/response curve
- Estimate human exposure
- Categorize the findings
Problems with addressing risk
- Tunnel vision
- Random agenda setting
- Inconsistency across agencies
